A5014825958- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Noise Effects and Management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Global Health Care Issues
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
Environmental Protection Agency
2016-2025
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2013-2025
Harvard University
2023
VA Office of Research and Development
2017-2022
United States Food and Drug Administration
2022
National Center for Environmental Health
2022
Federal Reserve
2021
National Center for Environmental Assessment (EPA)
2021
Environmental Protection Agency
2021
American Thoracic Society
2021
Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in older cardiac patients. Potential physiologic effects of in-vehicle, roadside, ambient PM2.5 were investigated young, healthy, nonsmoking, male North Carolina Highway Patrol troopers. Nine troopers (age 23 30) monitored on 4 successive days while working a 3 P.M. midnight shift. Each patrol car was equipped air-quality monitors. Blood drawn 14 hours after each shift, ambulatory...
Background: In June 2008, burning peat deposits produced haze and air pollution far in excess of National Ambient Air Quality Standards, encroaching on rural communities eastern North Carolina. Although the association mortality morbidity with exposure to urban is well established, health effects associated wildfire emissions are less understood.Objective: We investigated cardiorespiratory outcomes population affected by fire.Methods: performed a population-based study using emergency...
Background Wildfire smoke is known to exacerbate respiratory conditions; however, evidence for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events has been inconsistent, despite biological plausibility. Methods Results A population‐based epidemiologic analysis was conducted daily emergency department ( ED ) visits wildfire exposure in 2015 among adults 8 California air basins. quasi‐Poisson regression model used zip code‐level counts of visits, adjusting heat index, day week, seasonality, population....
Air pollution has been associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. We have shown that acute ozone exposure in rats induces release stress hormones, hyperglycemia, leptinemia, and glucose intolerance are global changes peripheral glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism.To examine ozone-induced metabolic derangement humans using serum metabolomic assessment, establish human-to-rodent coherence, identify novel nonprotein biomarkers.Serum...
Identifying communities vulnerable to adverse health effects from exposure wildfire smoke may help prepare responses, increase the resilience and improve public outcomes during days. We developed a Community Health-Vulnerability Index (CHVI) based on factors known risks of air pollution exposures. These included county prevalence rates for asthma in children adults, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, percent population 65 years age older, indicators...
Air pollution particles are thought to kill >500,000 people worldwide each year. The population most at risk appears be elderly with respiratory and cardiovascular disease. As yet, no commonly accepted mechanism has been proposed which can explain the cause of these deaths. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed in healthy adults between ages 60 80 who were exposed twice for 2 h: once clean air concentrated ambient (CAPS). Changes HRV measured immediately before, following, 24 h after...
The objective of this study was to test prospectively in a population sample whether individuals with impaired heart rate variability (HRV) are at increased risk developing coronary disease (CHD) and non-CHD mortality relationship is more pronounced among diabetes. We examined the association between HRV incident CHD cohort 11,654 men women aged 45-64 years intake, from biracial, population-based Atherosclerosis Risk Communities Study. Supine, resting, 2-min beat-to-beat data were collected...
Background This study was designed to test the hypothesis that loss of cell-to-cell electrical interaction during ischemia modulates amplitude ischemia-induced TQ-segment depression (ie, injury potential) and occurrence ventricular fibrillation (VF) so-called Ib phase arrhythmias. Methods Results Regional induced by 60 minutes mid–left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in open-chest swine (n=10). Cell-to-cell uncoupling defined as onset terminal rise whole-tissue resistivity (R t...
OBJECTIVE To test at the population level whether people with multiple metabolic syndrome (MMS) disorders have reduced cardiac autonomic activity (CAA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined association between of CAA and MMS disorders, degree clustering segregate combination levels, using a random sample 2,359 men women aged 45–64 years from biracial, population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (AR1C) Study. Supine resting 2-min beat-to-beat heart rate data were collected....
In the present paper, fabrication, characterization, and physiological applications of a solid-state pH electrode are described. The sensing layer was based on an anodic electrodeposited iridium oxide film (AEIROF). Sputtered platinum electrodes (1 mm diameter) fabricated flexible Kapton films or wires were used as planar cylindrical supports. Each site coated with Nafion to attenuate interference anionic redox species protect surface during in vivo measurements. Performance AEIROF...
Objective This study tested the hypothesis that coronary artery disease patients with higher depression scores have lower heart rate variability during daily life. Method: Thirty-three men and nine women, ranging in age from 46 to 79, exercise-induced ischemia were studied. The standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) average obtained 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. Patients grouped by a median split Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-D) score....
Exposure to ambient ultrafine particles has been associated with cardiopulmonary toxicity and mortality. Adverse effects specifically linked include loss of sympathovagal balance altered hemostasis.To characterize the acute exposure in young healthy humans.Nineteen nonsmoking male female subjects between ages 18 35 were exposed filtered air or an atmosphere which captured (<0.16 microm) concentrated by a factor up 20-fold over levels use particle concentrators fitted size-selective outlets...
We investigated whether markers of airway and systemic inflammation, as well heart rate variability (HRV) in asthmatics, change response to fluctuations ambient particulate matter (PM) the coarse [PM with aerodynamic diameter 2.5-10 microm (PM(2.5-10))] fine (PM(2.5)) size range.Twelve adult living within a 30-mile radius an atmospheric monitoring site Chapel Hill, North Carolina, were followed over 12-week period. Daily PM(2.5-10) PM(2.5) concentrations measured separately for each 24-hr...
Characterizing factors which determine susceptibility to air pollution is an important step in understanding the distribution of risk a population and critical for setting appropriate policies. We evaluate general specific measures community health as modifiers asthma congestive heart failure following episode acute exposure wildfire smoke.A population-based study emergency department visits daily concentrations fine particulate matter during North Carolina was performed. Determinants...
The impact of dust storms on human health has been studied in the context Asian, Saharan, Arabian, and Australian storms, but there no recent population-level epidemiological research North America. relevance to public is likely increase as extreme weather events are predicted become more frequent with anticipated changes climate through 21st century.We examined association between county-level non-accidental mortality United States from 1993 2005.Dust storm incidence data, including date...
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly for cardiovascular disease. The association between long-term to PM2.5 measures of lipoprotein subfractions remains unclear. Therefore, we examined associations traditional novel in a cardiac catheterization cohort North Carolina.This cross-sectional study included 6587 patients who had visited Duke University 2001 2010 resided Carolina. We used estimates daily concentrations on 1...