A5041975259- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Dietary Effects on Health
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
2022-2025
University College London
2019-2022
National Institute for Health Research
2021
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2016-2019
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has more than 15 mutations in the receptor binding domain of Spike protein enabling increased transmissibility and viral escape from antibodies vaccinated individuals. It is unclear how vaccine immunity protects against infection. Here we show that participants at a super-spreader event have robust recall response humoral pre-existing cellular induced by vaccines, an emergent de novo T cell to non-Spike antigens. Individuals with breakthrough infections...
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating condition with unknown aetiology, unclear pathophysiology and no diagnostic test or biomarker available. Many patients report their ME/CFS began after an acute infection, subsequent increased frequency of infections, such as colds influenza, common. These factors imply altered immunological status exists in ME/CFS, at least proportion patients, yet previous studies peripheral immunity have been discrepant...
Studies to develop cell-based therapies for cancer and other diseases have consistently shown that purified human natural killer (NK) cells secrete cytokines kill target after in vitro culture with high concentrations of cytokines. However, these assays poorly reflect the conditions are likely prevail vivo early stages an infection been carried out a wide variety experimental systems, which has led contradictions within literature. We conducted detailed kinetic dose-response analysis NK cell...
BackgroundOlder age is associated with poorer outcomes to COVID-19 infection. The Norwegian Institute of Public Health established a longitudinal cohort adults aged 65–80 years study the effects pandemic. Here we describe characteristics in general, and specifically immune responses at baseline after primary booster vaccination subset blood samples, epidemiological factors affecting these responses.Methods4551 participants were recruited, humoral (n=299) cellular (n=90) measured before two...
ABSTRACT New immune evasive variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 may increase infections and hospitalizations in risk groups, such as the elderly. In this study, we evaluated neutralizing antibodies against KP.3.1.1 XEC, virus that were either widely distributed or on rise globally fall 2024, sera from a cohort seniors aged 68–82 years collected April/May 2024. Neutralizing responses low both also XBB.1.5 boosted individuals people with recent break‐through infections, supporting recommendation an updated...
Immune senescence is a natural consequence of aging and may contribute to frailty loss homeostasis in later life. Calorie restriction increases healthy life-span C57BL/6J (but not DBA/2J) mice, but whether this related preservation immune function, how it interacts with aging, unclear. We compared phenotypic functional characteristics killer (NK) cells T cells, across the lifespan, calorie-restricted (CR) control C57BL/6 DBA/2 mice. preserves naïve cell phenotype an immature NK as mice age....
Innate lymphoid cell (ILC) lineages mirror those of CD4+ T helper subsets, producing type 1, 2 and 3 cytokines respectively. Studies in adult human populations have shown contributions non-cytotoxic ILC to immune regulation or pathogenesis a wide range diseases prompted investigations potential functional redundancy between compartments neonates children. To investigate the for contribute responses across lifespan, we examined numbers frequencies peripheral blood subsets cohort Gambians aged...
Abstract Cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells generated in response to proinflammatory cytokines vitro and vivo can also be by vaccination, exhibiting heightened responses cytokine stimulation months after their initial induction. Our previous study demonstrated that human cell inactivated influenza virus were indirectly augmented very low doses of IL-15, which increased induction myeloid cell–derived secretion. These findings led us hypothesize IL-15 could reveal a similar effect...
Childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) protects against invasive disease caused by vaccine-serotype (VT) Streptococcus pneumoniae generating opsonophagocytic anti-capsular antibodies, but how vaccination and reduces VT carriage is less well understood. Using serological samples from PCV-vaccinated Malawian individuals a UK human challenge model, we explored whether antibody quality (IgG subclass, killing, avidity) associated with protection carriage. Following experimental of adults...
Immune responses in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been of significant interest throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Lymphocyte-targeting immunotherapies, including anti-CD20 treatments and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators, attenuate Ab after vaccination. Evaluation cellular vaccination, therefore, is particular importance these populations. In this study, we used flow cytometry to analyze CD4 CD8 T cell functional...
Abstract Heterogeneity in vaccine response, particularly vulnerable populations like the elderly, represents a significant public health challenge. We conducted an in-depth examination of immune cell profiles before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination utilizing mass cytometry cohort healthy Norwegian seniors (65–80 years). have demonstrated that higher pre-vaccination frequencies CD27 + IgD - class-switched memory B cells subsets CD24 CD38 transitional were associated with robust response....
Abstract The new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) Omicron has more than 30 mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) Spike protein enabling viral escape from antibodies vaccinated individuals and increased transmissibility 1-6 . It is unclear how vaccine immunity protects against infection. Here we show that participants at a superspreader event had robust recall response humoral pre-existing cellular induced by vaccines, an emergent de novo T cell to non-Spike antigens. We compared...
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) efficacy is lower for noninvasive pneumonia than invasive disease. In this study, participants were immunized with 13-valent PCV (PCV13) or hepatitis A (control). Bronchoalveolar lavage samples taken between 2 and 6 months serum at 4 7 weeks postvaccination. the lung, anti-capsular immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels higher in PCV13 group compared to controls all serotypes, except 3 6B. Systemically, IgG elevated serotype 3. bronchoalveolar positively...
Background: Understanding cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 immunisations is important for informing vaccine recommendations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other vulnerable on immunosuppressive therapies. This study investigated the magnitude quality of T cell after multiple doses COVID-19 breakthrough infection. Methods: prospective, observational included IBD arthritis tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) receiving up four doses. peptides were measured by flow...
<title>Abstract</title> Heterogeneity in vaccine response, particularly vulnerable populations like the elderly, represents a significant public health challenge. We conducted an in-depth examination of immune cell profiles before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination utilizing mass cytometry cohort healthy Norwegian seniors (65–80 years). have demonstrated that higher pre-vaccination frequencies CD27<sup>+</sup>IgD<sup>−</sup> class-switched memory B cells subsets...
Abstract Immune responses in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been of significant interest throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Lymphocyte-targeting immunotherapies including anti-CD20 treatments and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators attenuate antibody after vaccination. Evaluation cellular vaccination is therefore particular importance these populations. In this study, we analysed CD4 CD8 T cell functional to SARS-CoV-2 spike...