Vanessa Milogiannakis
A5090954355- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Diagnosis and Treatment
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- CAR-T cell therapy research
UNSW Sydney
2021-2025
James N. Kirby Foundation
2024
Migration Institute of Australia
2023
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
2022
The University of Melbourne
2022
BackgroundGenetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. The introduction global vaccine programs has contributed to lower COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in developed countries. In late 2021, Omicron BA.1 emerged, with substantially altered genetic differences clinical effects from other concern. Shortly after dominating spread early 2022, was supplanted by the genetically...
Abstract This study investigates the humoral and cellular immune responses health-related quality of life measures in individuals with mild to moderate long COVID (LC) compared age gender matched recovered COVID-19 controls (MC) over 24 months. LC participants show elevated nucleocapsid IgG levels at 3 months, higher neutralizing capacity up 8 months post-infection. Increased spike-specific nucleocapsid-specific CD4 + T cells, PD-1, TIM-3 expression on CD8 cells were observed but these...
Abstract Genetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. Over this time global vaccine programs introduced, contributing to lowered COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in the first world. In late 2021, Omicron (B.1.1.529) virus variant emerged, with significant genetic differences clinical effects from other concern (VOC). This demonstrated higher numbers polymorphisms gene...
Abstract Genetically distinct variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged since the start COVID-19 pandemic. Over this period, we developed a rapid platform (R-20) for viral isolation and characterization using primary remnant diagnostic swabs. This, combined with quarantine testing genomics surveillance, enabled all major SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Australia 2021. Our facilitated variant isolation, resolution fitness nasopharyngeal swabs ranking...
Vaccines generate long-lived plasma cells and memory B (Bmems) that may re-enter secondary germinal centers (GCs) to further mutate their cell receptor upon boosting re-exposure antigen. We show in mouse models lymph nodes draining the site of primary vaccination harbor a subset Bmems reside subcapsular niche, larger recall responses, are more likely GCs compared with circulating non-draining nodes. This location-dependent into GC node was dependent on CD169+ sinus macrophages (SSMs) niche....
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is associated with immunocompromise and high risk of severe COVID-19 disease mortality. Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) patients also have immune impairment. We evaluated humoural cellular responses in 181 CLL (160) MBL (21) to correlate failed seroconversion [<50 AU/ml SARS-CoV-2 II IgG assay, antibody spike protein; Abbott Diagnostics)] following each two vaccine doses clinical laboratory parameters. Following first second doses, 79.2% then 45%...
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory virus that causes COVID-19 disease, with an estimated global mortality of approximately 2%. While response strategies, which are predominantly reliant on regular vaccinations, have shifted from zero COVID to living COVID, there distinct lack broad-spectrum direct acting antiviral therapies maintain efficacy across evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants concern. This most concern for immunocompromised and immunosuppressed...
Background: Failure to develop protective immunity in response vaccination is common among kidney transplant recipients, rendering them susceptible severe infection. Novel strategies are required. Here, we investigated the potential of mechanistic-target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors improve vaccine responses. Methods: Humoral and cellular responses primary COVID-19 (ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2) were assessed for recipients receiving mTOR inhibitor-based (mTOR inhibitor, mycophenolate,...
Background Long-term immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including neutralizing antibodies and T cell-mediated immunity, is required in a very large majority of the population order reduce ongoing disease burden. Methods We have investigated association between memory CD4 CD8 cells levels convalescent COVID-19 subjects. Findings Higher titres were associated with significantly higher RBD-specific cells, specific that proliferated vigorously vitro . Conversely, up half individuals had low...
Abstract Continued high-level spread of SARS-CoV-2 has enabled an accumulation changes within the Spike glycoprotein, leading to resistance neutralising antibodies and concomitant entry requirements that increased viral transmission fitness. Herein, we demonstrate a significant change in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) dependent by primary isolates occurred upon arrival Omicron lineages. Mechanistically show this shift be function two distinct...
Abstract Genetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. Over this time global vaccine programs introduced, contributing to lowered COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in the first world. In late 2021, Omicron (B.1.1.529) virus variant emerged, with significant genetic differences clinical effects from other concern (VOC). This a demonstrated higher number polymorphisms gene...
Kidney transplant recipients are at an increased risk of hospitalisation and death from SARS-CoV-2 infection, standard two-dose vaccination schedules typically inadequate to generate protective immunity. Gut dysbiosis, which is common among kidney known effect systemic immunity, may be a contributing factor lack vaccine immunogenicity in this at-risk cohort. The gut microbiota modulates responses, with the production immunomodulatory short-chain fatty acids by bacteria such as...
Abstract Inadequate immune response to vaccination is a long-standing problem faced by immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), requiring novel strategies improve vaccine efficacy. In this study, the potential of mechanistic target rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) T cell responses COVID-19 was investigated. Following primary with adenoviral (ChAdOx1) or mRNA (BNT162b2) vaccines, KTRs receiving demonstrated greater than those healthy individuals, characterized increased frequencies...
Background: Continued phenotyping and ongoing surveillance are important in current future monitoring of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages. Herein we developed pragmatic strategies to track the emergence, spread phenotype variants Australia an era decreasing diagnostic PCR testing focused cohort-based studies. This was aligned longitudinal studies that span 4 years COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Throughout 2023, partnered with pathology providers pathogen genomics teams identify relevant or...
The spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS CoV-2 is the target neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that are crucial for vaccine effectiveness. S1 subunit binds ACE2 while S2 mediates virus-cell membrane fusion. a class I fusion and contains central coiled coil acts as scaffold conformational changes associated with function. unusual in 3-4 repeat inward-facing positions mostly occupied by polar residues mediate few inter-helical contacts prefusion trimer. We examined how insertion bulkier hydrophobic...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the humoral and cellular immune responses in individuals with long COVID (LC) compared to age gender matched recovered COVID-19 controls (MC) over 24-months. LC participants showed elevated spike nucleocapsid IgG levels, higher neutralizing capacity, increased spike- nucleocapsid-specific CD4+ T cells, PD-1, TIM-3 expression on CD8+ cells at 3- 8-months, but these differences did not persist Some had detectable IFN-γ IFN-β, that was attributed reinfection...
Abstract The Omicron era of the COVID-19 pandemic commenced at beginning 2022 and whilst it started with primarily BA.1, was latter dominated by BA.2 related sub-lineages. Over course 2022, we monitored potency breadth antibody neutralization responses to many emerging variants two levels: (i) tracked over 420,000 U.S. plasma donors time through various vaccine booster roll outs waves using sequentially collected IgG pools; (ii) mapped response in individuals blood from strigently curated...
Abstract Genetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. Over this time global vaccine programs introduced, contributing to lower COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in developed countries. In late 2021, the Omicron BA.1 variant emerged, with substantially different genetic differences clinical effects from other concern (VOC). This demonstrated higher numbers polymorphisms gene...
Genetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. Over this time global vaccine programs introduced, contributing to lowered COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in developed countries. In late 2021, the Omicron BA.1 variant emerged, with significant genetic differences clinical effects from other concern (VOC). This demonstrated higher numbers polymorphisms gene encoding Spike (S)...
Abstract Background Continued phenotyping and ongoing surveillance are important in current future monitoring of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages. Herein we developed pragmatic strategies to track the emergence, spread phenotype variants Australia an era decreasing diagnostic PCR testing focused cohort-based studies. This was aligned longitudinal studies that span 4 years COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Throughout 2023, partnered with pathology providers pathogen genomics teams identify relevant or...
The Omicron era of the COVID-19 pandemic commenced at beginning 2022 and whilst it started with primarily BA.1, was latter dominated by BA.2 related sub-lineages. Over course 2022, we monitored potency breadth antibody neutralization responses to many emerging variants two levels: (i) tracked over 400,000 U.S. plasma donors time through various vaccine booster roll outs waves using sequentially collected IgG pools; (ii) mapped response in individuals blood from strigently curated...