A5054938965- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- interferon and immune responses
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
UNSW Sydney
2016-2025
The University of Sydney
2003-2024
Migration Institute of Australia
2023
The University of Melbourne
2003-2022
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
2022
Westmead Hospital
2002-2021
Westmead Institute
2003-2021
Population Council
2003-2019
Millennium Institute
2002-2009
Population Council
2008
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody neutralization response and its evasion by emerging viral variants variant of concern (VOC) are unknown, but critical to understand reinfection risk breakthrough infection following vaccination. Antibody immunoreactivity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens Spike variants, inhibition Spike-driven virus–cell fusion, infectious were characterized in 807 serial samples from 233 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction...
BackgroundGenetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. The introduction global vaccine programs has contributed to lower COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in developed countries. In late 2021, Omicron BA.1 emerged, with substantially altered genetic differences clinical effects from other concern. Shortly after dominating spread early 2022, was supplanted by the genetically...
Interstitial lung disease and associated fibrosis occur in a proportion of individuals who have recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection through unknown mechanisms. We studied with 2019 (COVID-19) after recovery illness. Individuals evidence interstitial changes at 3 to 6 months had an up-regulated neutrophil-associated immune signature including increased chemokines, proteases, markers neutrophil extracellular traps that were detectable the...
Despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persists within a reservoir of CD4+ T cells that contribute to viral rebound if treatment is interrupted. Identifying the cellular populations and understanding mechanisms persistence are necessary achieve an effective cure. In this regard, through Full-Length Individual Proviral Sequencing, we observed proviral landscape was different changed with time on ART across naive memory cell subsets isolated from 24 participants. We found...
The HIV-1 capsid has emerged as a tractable target for antiretroviral therapy. Lenacapavir, developed by Gilead Sciences, is the first capsid-targeting drug approved medical use. Here, we investigate effect of lenacapavir on HIV stability and uncoating. We employ single particle approach that simultaneously measures content release lattice persistence. demonstrate lenacapavir's potent antiviral activity predominantly due to lethal hyperstabilisation resultant loss compartmentalisation. This...
Abstract This study investigates the humoral and cellular immune responses health-related quality of life measures in individuals with mild to moderate long COVID (LC) compared age gender matched recovered COVID-19 controls (MC) over 24 months. LC participants show elevated nucleocapsid IgG levels at 3 months, higher neutralizing capacity up 8 months post-infection. Increased spike-specific nucleocapsid-specific CD4 + T cells, PD-1, TIM-3 expression on CD8 cells were observed but these...
ABSTRACT It is widely recognized that sialic acid (SA) can mediate attachment of influenza virus to the cell surface, and yet specific receptors entry are not known. For many viruses, a definitive demonstration receptor function has been achieved when nonpermissive cells rendered susceptible infection following transfection gene encoding putative receptor. virus, such approaches have confounded by abundance SA on mammalian so it difficult identify lines infection. We examined Lec2 Chinese...
Uncoating of the metastable HIV-1 capsid is a tightly regulated disassembly process required for release viral cDNA prior to nuclear import. To understand intrinsic pathway and how it can be modulated, we have developed single-particle fluorescence microscopy method follow real-time uncoating kinetics authentic HIV capsids in vitro immediately after permeabilizing membrane. Opening first defect lattice rate-limiting step uncoating, which followed by rapid, catastrophic collapse. The...
Considerable concerns relating to the duration of protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) exist, with evidence antibody titers declining rapidly after infection and reports reinfection. Here, we monitor responses SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) for up 6 months infection. While are maintained, ∼13% cohort's neutralizing return background. However, encouragingly, in a selected subset 13 participants, 12 have detectable RBD-specific...
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to substantial morbidity, mortality, and disruption globally. Cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 is mediated the viral spike protein, affinity ligands this surface protein have potential for applications as antivirals diagnostic reagents. Here, we describe selection cyclic peptide receptor binding domain (RBD) from three distinct libraries (in excess a trillion molecules each) mRNA display. We identified six high with dissociation constants (KD)...
Cathepsin L is a key host cysteine protease utilized by coronaviruses for cell entry and promising drug target novel antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. The marine natural product gallinamide A several synthetic analogues were identified as potent inhibitors of cathepsin with IC50 values in the picomolar range. Lead molecules possessed selectivity over other cathepsins alternative proteases involved viral entry. Gallinamide directly interacted cells and, together two lead analogues, potently...
Abstract Genetically distinct viral variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been recorded since January 2020. Over this time global vaccine programs introduced, contributing to lowered COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality rates, particularly in the first world. In late 2021, Omicron (B.1.1.529) virus variant emerged, with significant genetic differences clinical effects from other concern (VOC). This demonstrated higher numbers polymorphisms gene...
Global control of COVID-19 requires broadly accessible vaccines that are effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this report, we exploit the immunostimulatory properties bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), existing tuberculosis vaccine, to deliver a vaccination regimen with potent SARS-CoV-2-specific protective immunity. Combination BCG stabilised, trimeric form spike antigen promoted rapid development virus-specific IgG antibodies in blood vaccinated mice, was further augmented by addition...
Antivirals that specifically target SARS-CoV-2 are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The main protease (M
Understanding the long-term maintenance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity is critical for predicting protection against reinfection. In an age- and gender-matched cohort 24 participants, association disease severity early immune responses on humoral 12 months post-infection examined. All severely affected participants maintain a stable subset SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells (MBCs) good neutralizing antibody breadth...
Abstract Genetically distinct variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged since the start COVID-19 pandemic. Over this period, we developed a rapid platform (R-20) for viral isolation and characterization using primary remnant diagnostic swabs. This, combined with quarantine testing genomics surveillance, enabled all major SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Australia 2021. Our facilitated variant isolation, resolution fitness nasopharyngeal swabs ranking...