A5082535891- Respiratory viral infections research
- interferon and immune responses
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Immune cells in cancer
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- RNA modifications and cancer
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Nationwide Children's Hospital
2021-2023
The Ohio State University
2016-2022
Johns Hopkins University
2017-2018
Interface (United States)
2016
Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis imposes a large global health burden as the airborne agent of tuberculosis. has been flourishing in human populations for millennia and is therefore highly adapted to lung environment. Alveolar macrophages, major host cell niche M. tuberculosis, are not only phagocytose inhaled microbes particulate matter but also crucial catabolizing surfactant, lipid-protein complex that lines alveolar spaces. Because macrophage defense properties can be regulated by...
Interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs) are important determinants of the innate response to infection. We evaluated role(s) combined and individual IRF deficiencies in outcome infection C57BL/6 mice with Sindbis virus, an alphavirus that infects neurons causes encephalomyelitis. The brain spinal cord levels Irf7, but not Irf3 mRNAs, were increased after IRF3/5/7−/− IRF3/7−/− died within 3–4 days uncontrolled virus replication, similar IFNα receptor-deficient mice, while all wild-type...
The burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children represents a fraction cases worldwide, yet subset those infected are at risk for severe disease. We measured plasma acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA cohort 103 hospitalized with COVID-19 diverse clinical manifestations. SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia was detected 27 (26%) these children, lasted median 6 (interquartile range, 2-9) days, and associated higher rates oxygen administration, admission to the intensive care unit, longer...
Although children with COVID-19 account for fewer hospitalizations than adults, many develop severe disease requiring intensive care treatment. Critical illness due to has been associated lymphopenia and functional immune suppression. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) potently suppress T are significantly increased in adults COVID-19. The role of MDSCs the response is unknown.We hypothesized that will have expansion MDSC populations compared those milder disease, higher proportions...
Abstract Background Neonatal HSV infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Neonates can present skin, eye, mouth (SEM), central nervous system disease (CNS), disseminated (DIS). We hypothesize that host immune responses may contribute to differences in presentation outcomes. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed transcriptional profiles of neonates infection. Methods Infants < 6 weeks age (24 (86%) 4 weeks; (14%) 4-6 old) neonatal HSV, healthy infant...
Abstract Introduction Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) caused by syncytial virus (RSV) result in over 100,000 deaths of infants globally. Though adults account for most COVID-19 hospitalizations, children also develop severe disease due to SARS-CoV-2. Children with illness LRTI demonstrate evidence impaired adaptive immune function. MDSC are an immature, heterogenous cell population that expands significantly during inflammatory conditions. suppress T proliferation and function...
Abstract Background Almost 4 million children have tested positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as of June 3 2021, representing 14% all cases in USA. Children present with diverse clinical findings including the multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). In this study, we measured serum cytokine concentrations COVID-19 to identify differences immune profiles according presentations. Methods A total 133 0-21 years age were enrolled at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio....
Abstract Background The mechanisms associated with COVID-19 in children are not well understood. We sought to define the differences nasopharyngeal (NP) cytokine profiles according clinical presentation COVID-19. Methods Single-center, prospective study 137 and adolescents < 21 years of age hospitalized COVID-19, 35 age, sex race matched pre-pandemic (2016-2019) healthy controls. Children were categorized their in: COVID-19-symptomatic; COVID-19-screening, multisystem inflammatory...
Abstract Background Children with COVID-19 may develop severe disease. In hospitalized adults, detection of plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia ranges from 19% to 42% and has been associated worse clinical outcomes. A similar association in children remains unexplored. We determined the frequency evaluated its potential Methods Single center prospective study that enrolled adolescents ≤21 years old March 2020-April 2021 at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH. Nasopharyngeal (NP) blood samples...
Abstract Background RSV is the most frequent etiology of pediatric lower respiratory tract infection. Most children hospitalized for are previously healthy without known risk factors. Children with mild disease managed as outpatients (OP) have higher viral loads than those severe disease. OP concentrations mucosal interferon (IFN), IFNλ2/3, and IP-10, but no differences in IFNλ1. We examined how replication impacts cytokine production kinetics nasal mucosa. Methods Primary infant human...