A5090632500- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Digestive system and related health
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Immune cells in cancer
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Nagasaki University
2023-2024
Hokkaido University
2014-2023
MRC Centre for Reproductive Health
2012-2020
University of Edinburgh
2011-2020
The Queen's Medical Research Institute
2012-2015
Medical Research Council
2014
Kobe University
2004
Chiba University
2004
OBJECTIVE The significant roles of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the regulation energy expenditure and adiposity are established small rodents but have been controversial humans. objective is to examine prevalence metabolically active BAT healthy adult humans clarify effects cold exposure adiposity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In vivo 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake into was measured 56 volunteers (31 male 25 female subjects) aged 23–65 years by positron emission tomography (PET)...
Galectin, an animal lectin that recognizes β-galactoside of glycoconjugates, is abundant in the gut. This IHC study showed subtype-specific localization galectin mouse digestive tract. Mucosal epithelium region/cell-specific each subtype. Gastric mucous cells exhibited intense immunoreactions for galectin-2 and galectin-4/6 with a limited galectin-3 at surface gastric mucosa. Electron microscopically, immunoreactivity coated indigenous bacteria on cells. Epithelial small intestine...
Impact of stress on diseases including gastrointestinal failure is well-known, but molecular mechanism not understood. Here we show underlying using EAE mice. Under conditions, caused severe with high-mortality. Mechanistically, autoreactive-pathogenic CD4+ T cells accumulated at specific vessels boundary area third-ventricle, thalamus, and dentate-gyrus to establish brain micro-inflammation via stress-gateway reflex. Importantly, induction by cytokine injection was sufficient fatal failure....
Rab3 is a subfamily of the small GTP-binding protein Rab family and plays an important role in exocytosis. Several potential effectors Rab3, including rabphilin3 Rims (Rim1 Rim2), have been isolated characterized. Noc2 was identified originally endocrine pancreas as molecule homologous to rabphilin3, but its exocytosis unclear. To clarify physiological function directly, we generated knockout (Noc2 -/- ) mice. Glucose intolerance with impaired insulin secretion induced vivo by acute stress...
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, play important roles in folliculogenesis various species; however, little is known about their role luteal function. In this study, we investigated expression, regulation, and effects BMP2, BMP4, BMP6 carefully dated human corpora lutea cultured luteinized granulosa cells. The mRNA abundance BMPs was increased regressing corpus luteum vivo (P<.01-.001). Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)...
Exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure (HF) is partly attributed to skeletal muscle abnormalities. We have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role abnormalities, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Xanthine oxidase (XO) reported be an important mediator of ROS overproduction ischaemic tissue. Here, we tested hypothesis abnormalities HF are initially caused by XO-derived and prevented inhibition their production.
Abstract Heart failure (HF) occurs frequently among older individuals, and dysfunction of cardiac mitochondria is often observed. We here show the cardiac-specific downregulation a certain mitochondrial component during chronological aging mice, which detrimental to heart. MitoNEET outer membrane protein, encoded by CDGSH iron sulfur domain 1 (CISD1). Expression mitoNEET was specifically downregulated in heart kidney chronologically aged mice. Mice with constitutive deletion CISD1 on...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) featuring numerous neuropathologies, including optic neuritis (ON) in some patients. However, molecular mechanisms ON remain unknown. Galectins, β-galactoside-binding lectins, are involved various pathophysiological processes. We previously showed that galectin-3 (gal-3) associated with pathogenesis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model MS. In current study, we...
SMCT1 (slc5a8) is a sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter expressed in the brush border of enterocytes. It regulates uptake short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by bacterial fermentation large intestine. Another subtype, SMCT2 (slc5a12), abundantly small intestine, but its precise expression profile remains unknown. The present study using situ hybridization method, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative PCR analysis examined distribution cellular localization digestive tract mice...
Epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for tubal ectopic pregnancy but the reason this remains unclear. Here, we set out to determine effect of on Fallopian tube gene expression. An oviductal epithelial cell line (OE-E6/E7) and explants human tubes from non-pregnant women (n = 6) were exposed physiologically relevant concentrations cotinine, principle metabolite nicotine, changes in expression analyzed using Illumina Human HT-12 array. Cotinine...
Hyperplasia of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a fundamental mechanism for adaptation to survive in the cold environment rodents. To determine which cell types comprising BAT contribute hyperplasia, immunohistochemical analysis using proliferative marker Ki67 was performed on from 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice housed at 23°C (control) or 10°C (cold) 5 days. Interestingly, control group, detected nuclei uncoupling protein 1-positive mature adipocytes (7.2% ± 0.4% adipocyte), as well non-adipocyte...
Short-chain fatty acids in the intestinal lumen affect colonic cell proliferation as well function an energy source for epithelial cells. A novel transporter of monocarboxylates, Slc5a8, is expressed abundantly colon, where it may participate Na+-coupled absorption short-chain produced by bacterial fermentation dietary fiber. The present study examined cellular localization Slc5a8 murine gastrointestinal tract and kidney situ hybridization immunohistochemistry. signals were recognized...
Galectin is an animal lectin that recognizes β-galactosides of glycoconjugates and abundant in the gut. This study revealed cellular expression galectin subtypes throughout mouse digestive tract by situ hybridization. Signals for five (galectin-2, -3, -4/6, -7) were detected exclusively epithelia. In glandular stomach, galectin-2 -4/6 predominantly expressed from gastric pits to neck glands, where mucous cells main sources. The small intestine exhibited intense, maturation-associated...
Neural circuits between lesions are one mechanism through which local inflammation spreads to remote positions. Here, we show the inflammatory signal on side of joint is spread other via sensory neuron–interneuron crosstalk, with ATP at core. Surgical ablation or pharmacological inhibition this neural pathway prevented development side. Mechanistic analysis showed that serves as both a neurotransmitter and an enhancer, thus acting intermediary induces These results suggest blockade pathway,...
Flaviviruses are assembled to bud into the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and secreted through vesicle transport pathway. Virus envelope proteins play important roles in this process. In study, effect mutations tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus on secretion virus-like particles (VLPs), using a recombinant plasmid expression system was analysed. It found that single point mutation at position 63 prM induces reduction VLPs. The did not affect folding proteins, chaperone-like activity...
Leptin reduces body fat by decreasing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. Uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, a key molecule for brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, was reported to contribute the stimulatory effect of leptin on To clarify whether UCP1 is also involved in anorexigenic leptin, this study we examined using wild-type (WT) UCP1-deficient (UCP1-KO) mice. Repeated injection decreased more markedly WT mice than UCP1-KO mice, while single showed similar effects two groups As...
Objective There are two types of thermogenic adipocytes expressing uncoupling protein (UCP)−1: the brown adipocyte activated by adrenergic stimulation and beige that appears within white adipose tissue (WAT) in response to chronic stimulation. This study examined age‐related changes responses both mice. Methods Aged (age 20 months) young (4 mice were injected daily with either saline or β3‐adrenergic receptor agonist CL316,243 (CL; 0.1 mg/kg, once a day) for 1 week. Results The body WAT...
LYVE-1, a receptor molecule for hyaluronan, is expressed in the lymphatic endothelium, blood sinus and certain macrophage lineages. The present immunohistochemical study revealed broader distribution of LYVE-1 vascular endothelial cells murine lung, adrenal gland, heart as well liver spleen. In addition, reticular cells-including sinuslining cells-in medulla lymph node also intensely LYVE-1. Ultrastructurally, immuno-gold particles were localized on entire length plasma membrane all cell...