A5032789723- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Malaria Research and Control
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Plant and animal studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Agricultural Practices and Plant Genetics
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2016-2025
Vector (United States)
2023-2024
University of North Carolina at Pembroke
2024
University of Oxford
2022
Centre for Human Genetics
2022
University of Lausanne
2013-2018
University of Sussex
2009-2013
University of Sheffield
2009
Zoological Society of London
2007
University College London
2007
Mosquito control remains a central pillar of efforts to reduce malaria burden in sub-Saharan Africa. However, insecticide resistance is entrenched vector populations, and countries with high face daunting challenge sustain limited set surveillance intervention tools. Here we report on the second phase project build an open resource high-quality data genome variation among natural populations major African species Anopheles gambiae coluzzii . We analyzed whole genomes 1142 individual...
Polymorphisms in genetic copy number can influence gene expression, coding sequence, and zygosity, making them powerful actors the evolutionary process. Copy variants (CNVs) are however understudied, being more difficult to detect than single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We take advantage of intense selective pressures on major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, caused by widespread use insecticides for control, investigate role CNVs evolution insecticide resistance. Using whole-genome...
Abstract Studies of insecticide resistance provide insights into the capacity populations to show rapid evolutionary responses contemporary selection. Malaria control remains heavily dependent on pyrethroid insecticides, primarily in long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). Resistance major malaria vectors has increased concert with expansion LLIN distributions. Identifying genetic mechanisms underlying high‐level is crucial for development and deployment resistance‐breaking tools. Using...
Resistance to insecticides in Anopheles mosquitoes threatens the effectiveness of malaria control, but genetics resistance are only partially understood. We performed a large scale multi-country genome-wide association study two widely used insecticides: deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl, using sequencing data from An. gambiae coluzzii ten locations West Africa. was highly multi-genic, multi-allelic variable between populations. While strongest most consistent with came Cyp6aa1, this based...
Abstract Living in social groups could influence the evolution of senescence and longevity by affecting key life‐history parameters such as extrinsic mortality cost reproduction. For example, a decrease result life is predicted to lead increased longevity. We argue that benefits terms survival are common only species which large already norm, most likely because these have adapted depend on groups. By contrast, with smaller tend show no clear association between group size. This lack...
Abstract The spread of resistance to insecticides in disease-carrying mosquitoes poses a threat the effectiveness control programmes, which rely largely on insecticide-based interventions. Monitoring mosquito populations is essential, but obtaining phenotypic measurements laborious and error-prone. High-throughput genotyping offers prospect quick repeatable estimates resistance, while also allowing markers be tracked studied. To demonstrate potential highly-mulitplexed genotypic screening...
Vector population control using insecticides is a key element of current strategies to prevent malaria transmission in Africa. The introduction effective insecticides, such as the organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl, essential overcome recurrent emergence resistance driven by highly diverse Anopheles genomes. Here, we use genomic approach investigate basis pirimiphos-methyl major vectors gambiae and A . coluzzii combination copy number variation single non-synonymous substitution...
Insecticide resistance is a major threat to gains in malaria control, which have been stalling and potentially reversing since 2015. Studies into the causal mechanisms of insecticide are painting an increasingly complicated picture, underlining need design implement targeted studies on this phenotype. In study, we compare three populations vector An. coluzzii: susceptible two resistant colonies with same genetic background. The original colonised population rapidly lost over 6-month period,...
Resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) is conferred by a variety of genetic mutations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) copy number variants (CNVs). Knowledge distribution these mutations mosquito populations prerequisite for establishing better strategies their management. In this study, total 755 from southern Côte d'Ivoire were exposed deltamethrin or pirimiphos-methyl screened assess SNPs CNVs known...
Abstract Pyrethroid bednets treated with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) offer possibility of improved vector control in mosquito populations metabolic resistance. In 2017–2019, we conducted a large-scale, cluster-randomised trial (LLINEUP) to evaluate long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) pyrethroid insecticide plus PBO (PBO LLINs), as compared conventional, pyrethroid-only LLINs across 104 health sub-districts (HSDs) Uganda. LLINEUP, and similar trials Tanzania, were found provide...
Understanding why organisms senesce is a fundamental question in biology. One common explanation that senescence results from an increase macromolecular damage with age. The tremendous variation lifespan between genetically identical queen and worker ants, ranging over order of magnitude, provides unique system to study how investment into processes somatic maintenance repair influence lifespan. Here we use RNAseq compare patterns expression genes involved DNA protein age-matched queens...
ABSTRACT The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) suffers from one the highest malaria burdens worldwide, but information on its Anopheles vector populations is relatively limited. Preventative control in DRC reliant pyrethroid-treated nets, raising concerns over potential impacts insecticide resistance. We sampled gambiae three geographically distinct (Kimpese, Kapolowe and Mikalayi) southern DRC, collecting sub-sites per population characterising mosquito collections each for resistance to...
The primary control methods for the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, are based on insecticidal interventions. Emerging resistance to these compounds is therefore of major concern programs. organophosphate (OP), pirimiphos-methyl, a relatively new chemical in vector armory but now widely used indoor-residual spray campaigns. While generally effective, phenotypic has developed some areas vectors. Here, we population genomic approach identify novel mechanisms pirimiphos-methyl A....
ABSTRACT Malaria in South America remains a serious public health problem. Anopheles ( Nyssorhynchus ) darlingi is the most important malaria vector across tropical Latin America. Vector-targeted disease control efforts require thorough understanding of mosquito demographic and evolutionary patterns. We present analyze whole genomes 1094 A. (median depth 18x) from six American countries. observe deep geographic population structure, high genetic diversity including thirteen putative...
Malaria, a febrile disease caused by the Plasmodium parasites and transmitted mosquitoes, is leading cause of mortality in children under 5 endemic countries. The widespread deployment insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) has significantly reduced malaria transmission, but rising levels insecticide resistance threatens to halt progress. Monitoring vital for effective vector control, particularly when deploying new tools. Understanding mosquito population responses these interventions crucial...
Abstract To keep ahead of the evolution resistance to insecticides in mosquitoes, national malaria control programmes must make use a range insecticides, both old and new, while monitoring mechanisms. Knowledge mechanisms remains limited Anopheles arabiensis , which many parts Africa is increasing importance because it apparently less susceptible indoor interventions. Furthermore, comparatively little known general about non-pyrethroid such as pirimiphos-methyl (PM), are crucial for...
The emergence of insecticide resistance is threatening the efforts malaria control programmes, which rely heavily on a limited arsenal insecticidal tools, such as insecticide-treated bed nets. Importantly, genomic surveillance vectors can provide critical, policy-relevant insights into presence and evolution resistance, allowing us to maintain extend shelf life these interventions. Yet complex genetic architecture combined with resource constraints in malaria-endemic settings, have thus far...
The invasion of Africa by the Asian urban malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, endangers 126 million people across a rapidly urbanising continent where is primarily rural disease. Control An. stephensi requires greater understanding its origin, dynamics, and mechanisms widespread resistance to vector control insecticides. We present genomic surveillance study 551 sampled invasive native ranges in Asia. Our findings support hypothesis that an initial from Asia Djibouti seeded separate...
Abstract Resistance to insecticides in Anopheles mosquitoes threatens the effectiveness of most widespread tools currently used control malaria. The genetic underpinnings resistance are still only partially understood, with much variance phenotype left unexplained. We performed a multi-country large scale genome-wide association study two widely malaria control: deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl. Using bioassay methodology designed maximise phenotypic difference between resistant...