The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease affecting the brain and spinal cord, remains poorly understood. Patients with MS typically present recurrent episodes neurological dysfunctions such as blindness, paresis, sensory disturbances. Studies on experimental encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models have led to a number testable hypotheses including hypothetical role altered gut microbiota in development MS. To investigate whether patients is altered, we compared 20...

<b>Objective</b> To examine whether eating until full or quickly combinations of these behaviours are associated with being overweight. <b>Design and participants</b> Cross sectional survey. <b>Setting</b> Two communities in Japan. <b>Participants</b> 3287 adults (1122 men, 2165 women) aged 30-69 who participated surveys on cardiovascular risk from 2003 to 2006. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Body mass index (overweight ≥25.0) the dietary habits (lifestyle questionnaire) speed (validated brief...

Seventy‐six enzyme activities of mixed whole saliva, parotid serum, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were examined in 10 individuals with healthy periodontium, adult periodontitis patients, 4 localized juvenile patients by using the API ZYM (Analytab Products Inc., Plainview, N. Y.) AP (API System, La Balme les Grottes, France) semi‐quantitative micromethod systems. Enzymes assayed included phosphatases, esterase, lipase, glycosidases, proteases including numerous aminopeptidases. Among...

Abstract Development of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) depends on Th17 cells expressing the nuclear factor NR4A2. However, in mice lacking NR4A2 T cells, a late-onset disease is still inducible, despite great reduction inflammation. We here reveal that development this late onset cytotoxic T-cell-like CD4 + T-box transcription Eomesodermin (Eomes). T-cell-specific deletion Eomes gene remarkably ameliorates EAE. Strikingly, similar are increased peripheral blood and...

Japan became the first country where heat-not-burn tobacco products were sold. Therefore, there was no information for actual status on use or harms of products. The objectives study profile are to generate data that can be freely available external researchers, and create collaborative research projects in future.The "Society New Tobacco" Internet Survey (JASTIS) is a longitudinal internet cohort which investigates perception, attitude, tobacco, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes),...

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a disabling autoimmune disease associated with an elevation of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) autoantibodies. Here, we present case NMO who responded to monthly administration the anti-IL-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab. The treatment rapidly reduced elevated numbers plasmablasts and anti-AQP4 autoantibodies in patient. Furthermore, neuropathic pain disability scores gradually improved. Tocilizumab may be considered as therapeutic option for NMO.

To examine the percentage of Japanese adult smokers who make quit attempts and succeed in smoking cessation over a 1-year period, to identify predictors stop successful cessation.This study used Ipsos JSR Company's access panel, whose sampling framework is based on Basic Resident Register Japan. We tracked monitored selected sample were at least 20 years age through baseline postal questionnaire survey 2005 follow-up 1 year later.The original response rate was 72.1% (1874 2600 smokers)....

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a disabling autoimmune disease associated with an elevation of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) autoantibodies. Here, we present case NMO who responded to monthly administration the anti-IL-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab. The treatment rapidly reduced elevated numbers plasmablasts and anti-AQP4 autoantibodies in patient. Furthermore, neuropathic pain disability scores gradually improved. Tocilizumab may be considered as therapeutic option for NMO.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and myelitis. It generally accepted that autoantibodies against aquaporin 4 water channel protein play a pathogenic role in neuromyelitis optica. We have recently reported plasmablasts are increased the peripheral blood this autoimmune disease, capable producing 4. Here, we demonstrate CD138+HLA-DR+ plasmablasts, subset IgG-producing cells, enriched among cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)...

Background: Fingolimod is an oral drug approved for multiple sclerosis (MS) with ability to trap central memory T cells in secondary lymphoid tissues; however, its variable effectiveness individual patients indicates the need evaluate effects on other cells. Objective: To clarify of fingolimod B-cell populations MS. Methods: We analysed blood samples from 9 fingolimod-treated and 19 control MS by flow cytometry, determine frequencies activation states naive B cells, plasmablasts. Results:...

This study determined changes in the levels of enzymes whole mixed saliva adults following periodontal therapy including two or more sessions meticulous scaling and root planing 1 g/day tetracycline‐HCI for 14 days. Clinical variables assessed at baseline 2 weeks after treatment included Gingival Index, Plaque pocket depth, gingival crevicular fluid flow. Subgingival specimens obtained from deepest each quadrant were analyzed Bacteroides gingivalis intermedius using indirect...

To compare effects of natalizumab on inflammatory and regulatory T cells with regard to expression α4-integrin (CD49d).Twenty-seven natalizumab-naive 8 natalizumab-treated patients multiple sclerosis (MS), 7 neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or NMO spectrum disorder, healthy controls were included. The positive rate CD49d was analyzed compared among helper 1 (Th1), 17 (Th17), (Treg) (CD49d+Th1, CD49d+Th17, CD49d+Treg, respectively).Natalizumab treatment increased ratios, CD49d+Th1/CD49d+Treg,...

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating condition characterized by and post-exertional malaise, accompanied various signs of neurological autonomic dysfunction. ME/CFS often triggered an infectious episode associated with aberrant immune system. Here we report that disorder skewed B cell receptor gene usage. By applying next-generation sequencing to determine the clone-based IGHV/IGHD/IGHJ repertoires, revealed biased usage several IGHV genes in...

1. Hair samples were obtained from subjects at the end of a 6 month smoking‐cessation programme carried out with (n = 16) or without 10) aid nicotine chewing gum. The axial distribution along hair shaft was determined and compared both self‐ report smoking behavior concentration carbon monoxide (CO) in expired air measured 1 intervals. 2. A gradual decrease content corresponded to self‐reported number cigarettes smoked daily chewing‐gum treated untreated clinical assessment abstinence. 3....

To analyse brand nicotine yield including "ultra low" brands (that is, cigarettes yielding less-than-or-equal 0.1 mg of by Federal Trade Commission (FTC) methods) in relation to intake (urinary nicotine, cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine) among 246 Japanese male smokers.Cross sectional study.Two companies Osaka, Japan.130 workers selected randomly during their annual regular health check up 116 volunteers taking part a smoking cessation programme.Subjects answered questionnaire about...

The action of amines on the surviving tissues and organs consisting involuntary muscles differs in character with variety compounds, though they may, some cases, cause same effect. All aliphatic amines, examined, have an stimulating contractile elements, activity which increases from methyl-to hexyl-amine, iso-forms being less active than corresponding normal ones. Of these compounds iso-amylamine only possesses, besides muscular, a subordinate one, sympathomimetic action, while all others,...

In April 2020, the revised Health Promotion Act and Tokyo Metropolitan Ordinance to prevent second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure was fully enforced. The government has provided an exemption for small-scale, existing establishments by allowing them 'unregulated' status, it is unclear what extent indoor smoking bans have been applied in these small bars restaurants. this study, we report on status before/after enforcement of current legislation both regulated unregulated restaurants bars....

The standardization committee has carried out of 23 laboratories in the cohort area. They participated External Quality Control Survey by Japan Medical Association. Most got A or B evaluation criteria for most test items, but results AST, ALT and gamma-GTP were unsatisfactory. As lipid standardization, accuracy precision all satisfactory except one. Close communication collaborative study with reference laboratory improved control.

To examine cases with a clinical course, signs, and symptoms mimicking MS, but without abnormalities on conventional MRI.Among 550 people tentative diagnosis of MS or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), we selected patients, who met the 2010 McDonald criteria for did not show abnormal findings brain spinal cord MRI. After evaluating their data, analyzed fractional anisotropy (FA) values in white matter diffusion tensor MRIs frequencies B-cell subsets peripheral blood...

Measurement of amyloid concentration in blood using time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed, and the combined normalized score precursor proteins (composite biomarker: CM) plasma found to be related accumulation β-amyloid (Aβ) brain.Therefore, we measured CM value healthy subjects aged 30-79 years investigated association between clinical characteristics multiple regression decision tree analyses.The results indicated that associated with age, sex, ApoE genotype, glucose, Mg...

Hyogo Prefecture has managed smoking ban legislation with partial restrictions in public places (Hyogo-L) since 2013. Previous studies have reported a significant decrease admissions for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) Kobe-city, but not other districts of the 2 years after Hyogo-L. The aim present study was to define long-term effect

Recently several investigators have reported that neutrophil functions were depressed or defective in localized and generalized juvenile periodontitis. It has also been shown patients with adult periodontitis exhibit no such abnormalities. Concerning rapidly progressing periodontitis, only a few reports provided. The purpose of the present study was to compare various (RPP), (AP), periodontally healthy control subjects. Neutrophils monocytes obtained from heparinized peripheral blood 13 RPP,...