Abstract Grimace scales have been used for pain assessment in different species. This study aimed to develop and validate the Feline Scale (FGS) detect naturally-occurring acute pain. Thirty-five client-owned twenty control cats were video-recorded undisturbed their cages a prospective, case-control study. Painful received analgesic treatment videos repeated one hour later. Five action units (AU) identified: ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers change head position....

Abstract Animal sentience refers to the capacity of animals feel both positive and negative emotions including that pain. As veterinary health professionals, we have a medical ethical duty mitigate suffering from pain best our ability. In 2014, first Global Pain Council World Small Veterinary Association (WSAVA) Guidelines for Recognition, Assessment Treatment was published remains this day one most relevant widespread documents its kind. The 2022 WSAVA Management evolves document with...

Abstract Objective —To evaluate adverse effects of long-term oral administration carprofen, etodolac, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in dogs. Animals —36 adult Procedures —Values for CBC, urinalysis, serum biochemical urinalyses, occult blood feces were investigated before 7, 30, 60, 90 days after daily (n = 6 dogs/group) lactose (1 mg/kg, control treatment), etodolac (15 mg/kg), (0.1 carprofen (4 ketoprofen (2 mg/kg 4 days, followed by 1 thereafter) or 3 with 4-day...

Practical relevance: Increases in cat ownership worldwide mean more cats are requiring veterinary care. Illness, trauma and surgery can result acute pain, effective management of pain is required for optimal feline welfare (ie, physical health mental wellbeing). Validated assessment tools available plans the individual patient should incorporate pharmacological non-pharmacological therapy. Preventive multimodal analgesia, including local anaesthesia, important principles management, choice...

The Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) is a facial expression-based scoring system for acute pain assessment in cats with reported validity using image assessment. aims of this study were to investigate the clinical applicability FGS real-time when compared assessment, and evaluate influence sedation surgery on scores cats.Sixty-five female (age: 1.37 ± 0.9 years body weight: 2.85 0.76 kg) included prospective, randomized, trial. Cats sedated intramuscular acepromazine buprenorphine. Following...

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the agreement and reliability of Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) among cat owners, veterinarians, veterinary students nurses/technicians. Raters (n = 5/group) scored 100 images using FGS (ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers position head position). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were used assess inter- intra-rater reliability. Agreement between each group veterinarian (gold-standard) was calculated Bland–Altman method....

The UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional feline pain assessment scale (UFEPS) is a valid and reliable instrument for acute in cats. However, its limitations are that responsiveness was not tested using negative control group, it validated only ovariohysterectomy, can be time-consuming. We aimed to evaluate the construct criterion validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity of UFEPS novel short form (SF) various clinical or painful surgical conditions.Ten client-owned healthy controls (CG) 40...

Objectives This study aimed to investigate if cat caregivers could reliably assess acute pain using the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS), and participant demographics affect scores. Methods An online survey in English Spanish was advertised by International Cat Care other platforms (March–May 2021) convenience sampling. Eligible participants were >18 years old non-veterinary health professionals. Participants a group of eight veterinarians scored 10 images cats with different levels pain. Data...

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used and effective for the management of pain in cats. These Guidelines will support veterinarians decision-making around prescribing NSAIDs situations chronic pain, to minimise adverse effects optimise management. Information is provided on mechanism action, indications use, screening prior prescription, use presence comorbidities, monitoring efficacy, avoidance effects.

This study compared pressure and thermal thresholds after administration of three opioids in eight cats. Pressure stimulation was performed via a bracelet taped around the forearm. Three ball‐bearings were advanced against forearm by inflation modified blood bladder. cuff recorded at end point (leg shake head turn). Thermal threshold tested as previously reported using heated probe held thorax [ Dixon et al . (2002) Research Veterinary Science , 72 205]. After baseline recordings, each cat...

Effects of tramadol and acepromazine on pressure thermal thresholds were examined in eight cats. After baseline measurements, subcutaneous (SC) 1 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg with or saline 0.3 ml given. Serial measurements made for 24 h. Mean did not change significantly [analysis variance (ANOVA)] from baseline. The maximum threshold increase above was 2.8+/-2.8 degrees C at 6 h (P>0.05) after tramadol; it the 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75, 3 Pressure increased 0.25 to 2 (P<0.05) 0.5 combination...

Eighty‐four female cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy in a blinded, randomised, prospective clinical study were assigned to one of three groups 28 receive either 0.01 mg/kg buprenorphine (group B), 4 mg/ kg carprofen C), or the same doses both drugs BC). A dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) from 0 100 mm, simple descriptive (SDS) used evaluate cats’ degree analgesia sedation for 24 hours postoperatively. There was no significant difference scores by SDS DIVAS, their pain...

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy intraperitoneal (IP) bupivacaine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Methods Forty-five were included a randomized, prospective, blinded after owners’ written consent obtained. anesthetic protocol acepromazine–buprenorphine–propofol–isoflurane. A ventral midline incision made and (n = 15/group) administered either IP saline 0.9% (negative positive control groups; NG PG, respectively) or (2 mg/kg; group; BG)....

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate analgesic efficacy gabapentin–buprenorphine in comparison with meloxicam–buprenorphine or buprenorphine alone, and correlation between two pain-scoring systems cats. Methods Fifty-two adult cats were included a randomized, controlled, blinded study. Anesthetic protocol acepromazine–buprenorphine–propofol–isoflurane. group (GBG, n = 19) received gabapentin capsules (50 mg PO) (0.02 mg/kg IM). (MBG, 15) meloxicam (0.2 SC), placebo (PO). (BG, 18)...