A5103054568- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
Kyoto University
2014-2025
Iwate Biotechnology Research Center
2021
Agricultural Research Center
2021
Setsunan University
2021
GTx (United States)
2000-2004
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1995-1997
Small RNAs ranging in size between 18 and 30 nucleotides (nt) are found many organisms including yeasts, plants, animals. involved the regulation of gene expression through translational repression, mRNA degradation, chromatin modification. In mammals, microRNAs (miRNAs) only small that have been well characterized. Here, we identified two novel classes mouse germline. One class consists ∼20- to 24-nt interfering (siRNAs) from oocytes, which derived retroelements LINE, SINE, LTR...
RNA silencing or post‐transcriptional gene (PTGS) in plants is known as a defense system against virus infection. Several plant viruses have been shown to encode an suppressor. Using green fluorescent protein‐based transient suppression assay, we show that NSs protein of Tomato spotted wilt (TSWV) has suppressor activity. TSWV suppressed sense transgene‐induced PTGS but did not suppress inverted repeat PTGS. the first identified negative‐strand viruses.
The infection process of Colletotrichum lagenarium, the causal agent cucumber anthracnose disease, involves several key steps: germination; formation melanized appressoria; appressorial penetration; and subsequent invasive growth in host plants. Here we report that C. lagenarium CMK1 gene encoding a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase plays central role these steps. can complement appressorium Pmk1 MAP mutant Magnaporthe grisea. Deletion causes reduction conidiation complete lack...
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (quinoa) originated from the Andean region of South America, and is a pseudocereal crop Amaranthaceae family. Quinoa emerging as an important with potential to contribute food security worldwide considered be optimal source for astronauts, due its outstanding nutritional profile ability tolerate stressful environments. Furthermore, plant pathologists use representative diagnostic host identify virus species. However, molecular analysis limited by genetic...
Summary Fungal plant pathogens preferentially express a set of effector genes at specific infection stages to successfully colonize the host. However, it remains unclear how gene expression is regulated during host infection. This study identified Zn 2 Cys 6 transcription factor, TFV1 ( Transcription Factor for Virulence 1 ), whose deletion weakened virulence Colletotrichum orbiculare on its cucurbit hosts. The additional paralog gene, TVL1 ‐ like resulted in further reduction cucurbits....
Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), which infects fish, is the type species of genus Betanodavirus. This has a bipartite genome positive-strand RNAs, designated RNAs 1 and 2. A small RNA (ca. 0.4 kb) been detected from SJNNV-infected cells, was newly synthesized corresponded to 3'-terminal region RNA1. Rapid amplification cDNA ends analysis showed that 5' end this (designated RNA3) initiated at nt 2730 corresponding RNA1 sequence contained cap structure. Substitution first...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) repress target genes at the post-transcriptional level and play important roles in development cell lineage decision. However, vertebrates, both targets of miRNAs their expression profile during are poorly understood. Here, we report detailed profiles from oocyte stage to tadpole Xenopus laevis. As proceeds, a variety start be expressed. Most emerged specific were continuously expressed until stage. In addition, identified novel miRNA that was only stages is likely have...
ABSTRACT Betanodaviruses, the causal agents of viral nervous necrosis in marine fish, have bipartite positive-sense RNAs as genomes. The larger genomic segment, RNA1 (3.1 kb), encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and smaller RNA2 (1.4 codes for coat protein. Betanodaviruses marked host specificity, although primary structures encoded proteins are similar among betanodaviruses. However, no mechanism underlying specificity has yet been reported. To evaluate factors that control we first...
ABSTRACT Assembly of viral replicase complexes eukaryotic positive-strand RNA viruses is a regulated process: multiple and host components must be assembled on intracellular membranes ordered into quaternary capable synthesizing RNAs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. In study, we used model virus, Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV), whose complex can detected readily as 480-kDa functional protein complex. We found that heat shock proteins...
Positive-strand RNA viruses use diverse mechanisms to regulate viral and host gene expression for ensuring their efficient proliferation or persistence in the host. We found that a small noncoding (0.4 kb), named SR1f, accumulated Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV)-infected plants protoplasts was packaged into virions. The genome of RCNMV consists two positive-strand RNAs, RNA1 RNA2. SR1f generated from 3' untranslated region (UTR) RNA1, which contains elements essential both...
Eukaryotic positive-strand RNA viruses replicate using the membrane-bound replicase complexes, which contain multiple viral and host components. Virus infection induces remodeling of intracellular membranes. Virus-induced membrane structures are thought to increase local concentration components that required for replication provide a scaffold tethering complexes. However, mechanisms underlying virus-induced poorly understood. red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV), plant virus, is...
The formation of virus movement protein (MP)-containing punctate structures on the cortical endoplasmic reticulum is required for efficient intercellular Red clover necrotic mosaic (RCNMV), a bipartite positive-strand RNA plant virus. We found that these constitute viral replication complex (VRC) in addition to previously reported aggregate formed adjacent nucleus. identified host proteins interacted with RCNMV MP virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves using tandem affinity purification...
A system has been established to produce infectious RNA transcripts for Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), the type species of betanodaviruses, which infect fish. An enzymological analysis suggested that both RNA1 and RNA2 SJNNV have a 5' cap. Both RNAs were largely resistant 3' polyadenylation ligation, suggesting presence an interfering structure, while small quantity viral polyadenylated in vitro. The complete non-coding sequences segments determined using rapid amplification...
ABSTRACT Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) is a member of the genus Dianthovirus and has bipartite positive-sense genomic RNA with 3′ ends that are not polyadenylated. In this study, we show both RNA1 RNA2 lack 5′ cap structure uncapped in vitro transcripts RCNMV replicated to level comparable for capped cowpea protoplasts. Because poly(A) tail play important roles translation many eukaryotic mRNAs, RNAs should contain an element(s) responsible cap- tail-independent viral protein. By...
ABSTRACT Replication of positive-strand RNA viruses occurs through the assembly membrane-associated viral replication complexes that include replicase proteins, templates, and host proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) is a plant with genome consisting RNA1 RNA2. The two proteins encoded by RNA1, 27-kDa protein (p27) an 88-kDa containing RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRP) motif (p88), are essential for RCNMV replication. To analyze complexes, we used blue-native polyacrylamide gel...
Eukaryotic positive-strand RNA [(+)RNA] viruses are intracellular obligate parasites replicate using the membrane-bound replicase complexes that contain multiple viral and host components. To replicate, (+)RNA exploit resources modify metabolism membrane organization. Phospholipase D (PLD) is a phosphatidylcholine- phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing enzyme catalyzes production of phosphatidic acid (PA), lipid second messenger modulates diverse signaling in various organisms. PA normally...
Abstract Necrosis- and ethylene-inducing-like proteins (NLPs) are secreted by fungi, oomycetes bacteria. Conserved nlp peptides derived from NLPs recognized as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), leading to PAMP-triggered immune responses. RLP23 is the receptor of in Arabidopsis thaliana ; however, its actual contribution plant immunity unclear. Here, we report that required for against necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea . rlp23 mutants exhibited enhanced...
ABSTRACT Viruses employ an alternative translation mechanism to exploit cellular resources at the expense of host mRNAs and allow preferential translation. Plant RNA viruses often lack both a 5′ cap 3′ poly(A) tail in their genomic RNAs. Instead, cap-independent enhancer elements (CITEs) located untranslated region (UTR) mediate Although eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) or ribosomes have been shown bind 3′CITEs, our knowledge is still limited for mechanism, especially factors. Here, we...
ABSTRACT Recognition of RNA templates by viral replicase proteins is one the key steps in replication process all viruses. However, mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, including primary elements that are recognized proteins, not well understood. Here, we used aptamer pulldown assays with membrane fractionation and protein-RNA coimmunoprecipitation a cell-free translation/replication system to investigate how recognize bipartite genomic RNAs Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV). RCNMV...
Abstract An increasing number of plant viruses and viroids have been reported from all over the world due largely to metavirogenomics approaches with technological innovation. Herein, official changes virus taxonomy, including establishment megataxonomy amendments codes classification nomenclature, recently made by International Committee on Taxonomy Viruses were summarized. The continued efforts virology community Japan index occurring in Japan, which represent 407 viruses, 303 species 104...
ABSTRACT Plant viruses have movement protein (MP) gene(s) essential for cell-to-cell in hosts. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) requires its own coat (CP) addition to the MP intercellular movement. Our present results using variants of both CMV and a chimeric Brome with gene revealed that truncated C-terminal 33 amino acids has ability mediate viral independently CP. Coexpression intact MPs extremely reduced viruses, suggesting these heterogeneous function antagonistically. Sequential deletion...
The genome of Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) in the genus Dianthovirus is divided into two RNA molecules RNA1 and RNA2, which have no cap structure at 5' end poly(A) tail 3' end. untranslated region (3' UTR) RCNMV contains an essential element (3'TE-DR1), required for cap-independent translation. In this study, we investigated a translational mechanism RNA2 using firefly luciferase (Luc) gene expression assay system cowpea protoplasts cell-free lysate (BYL) prepared from...