A5068390739- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
University of Alabama at Birmingham
2014-2024
Auburn University
2004-2021
Comprehensive Cardiovascular
2021
St. Vincent's Birmingham
2018-2020
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
2012
Auburn University at Montgomery
2009-2011
Baylor University
2011
Background— Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) is a rate-limiting step of mitochondrial β-oxidation by controlling the uptake long-chain acyl-CoAs. The muscle isoform, CPT1b, predominant isoform expressed in heart. It has been suggested that inhibiting CPT1 activity specific inhibitors exerts protective effects against cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, clinical animal studies have shown mixed results, thereby creating concerns about safety this class drugs. Preclinical...
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) comprise three subtypes (PPARα, δ and γ) to form a nuclear receptor superfamily. PPARs act as key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, anti-oxidant defense. While their roles in regulating metabolism have been well established, the role redox activity remains incompletely understood. Since is an integral part oxidative it not surprising that changes PPAR signaling specific cell or tissue will lead...
Glucagon, an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, also promotes weight loss, in part through potentiation fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion. However, FGF21 is only a partial mediator metabolic actions ensuing from glucagon receptor (GCGR) activation, prompting us to search for additional pathways. Intriguingly, chronic GCGR agonism increases plasma bile acid levels. We hypothesized that regulates energy at least part, farnesoid X (FXR). To test this hypothesis, we...
Zebrafish can efficiently regenerate their heart through cardiomyocyte proliferation. In contrast, mammalian cardiomyocytes stop proliferating shortly after birth, limiting the regenerative capacity of postnatal heart. Therefore, if endogenous potential proliferation could be enhanced, it offer a promising future therapy for failure patients. Here, we set out to systematically identify small molecules triggering By screening chemical compound libraries utilizing Fucci-based system assessing...
Abstract Autophagy, an integral part of the waste recycling process, plays important role in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Impaired autophagic flux causes ectopic lipid deposition, which is defined as accumulation lipids non-adipose tissue. Ectopic observed patients with cardiometabolic syndrome, including obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular complications. Metformin first line treatment for type 2 one underlying mechanisms anti-diabetic effect metformin mediated...
Glucagon receptor (GCGR) agonists cause hyperglycemia but also weight loss. However, GCG-like peptide 1 (GLP1R)/GCGR mixed do not exhibit the diabetogenic effects often attributed to GCGR activity. Thus, we sought investigate effect of glucagon agonism on insulin action and glucose homeostasis. Acute induced immediate hyperglycemia, followed by improved tolerance enhanced glucose-stimulated secretion. Moreover, acute in a dose-dependent manner both lean obese mice. Improved was independent...
ABSTRACT We investigated the acquisition and prevalence of Chlamydophila sp. infection in calves. Specimens were collected at weekly intervals from birth to week 12 postpartum 40 female Holstein calf-dam pairs a dairy herd. Real-time PCR detected, quantified, differentiated 23S rRNA gene DNA vaginal cytobrush swabs milk samples. Chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with lysed abortus or pecorum elementary body antigens quantified antibodies against spp. sera. was found 61%...
Abstract Background Fetuin‐A, a liver‐secreted phosphoprotein and physiological inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, is associated with resistance, metabolic syndrome (MetS), an increased risk for type 2 diabetes. However, studies on the modulation circulating levels fetuin‐A are limited. The goal this study was to determine effect niacin administration serum total‐ phosphorylated (phosphofetuin‐A) concentrations in individuals MetS correlate changes lipids, sensitivity, markers...
In the current study, we used muscle-specific TRIB3 overexpressing (MOE) and knockout (MKO) mice to determine whether mediates glucose-induced insulin resistance in diabetes alterations expression as a function of nutrient availability have regulatory role metabolism. streptozotocin diabetic mice, MOE exacerbated, whereas MKO prevented, impaired glucose oxidation defects signal transduction compared with wild-type (WT) indicating that was dependent on TRIB3. response high-fat diet, exhibited...
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) is the rate-limiting enzyme governing entry of long-chain acyl-CoAs into mitochondria. Treatments with CPT1 inhibitors protect against insulin resistance in short-term preclinical animal studies. We recently reported that mice muscle isoform CPT1b deficiency demonstrated improved sensitivity when fed a High Fat-Diet (HFD) for up to 5 months. In this follow study, we further investigated whether sensitizing effects partial could be maintained under...
Glucagon regulates glucose and lipid metabolism promotes weight loss. Thus, therapeutics stimulating glucagon receptor (GCGR) signaling are promising for obesity treatment; however, the underlying mechanism(s) have yet to be fully elucidated. We previously identified that hepatic GCGR increases circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a potent regulator of energy balance. reported mice deficient liver Fgf21 partially resistant GCGR-mediated loss, implicating FGF21 as glucagon's loss...
Fetuin-A (Fet-A), a hepatokine associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and incident type 2 diabetes, is shown to exist in both phosphorylated dephosphorylated forms circulation. However, studies on fetuin-A phosphorylation status insulin-resistant conditions its functional significance are limited. We demonstrate that serum phosphofetuin-A (Ser312) levels were significantly elevated high-fat diet-induced obese mice, Zucker diabetic fatty rats, individuals obesity who resistant. Unlike...
Abstract Hepatic gluconeogenesis is essential for glucose homeostasis and also a therapeutic target type 2 diabetes, but its mechanism incompletely understood. Here, we report that Sam68, an RNA-binding adaptor protein Src kinase substrate, novel regulator of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Both global deletions Sam68 significantly reduce blood levels the glucagon-induced expression gluconeogenic genes. Protein, not mRNA, CRTC2, crucial transcriptional gluconeogenesis, are >50% lower in...
Circadian clocks temporally orchestrate biological processes critical for cellular/organ function. For example, the cardiomyocyte circadian clock modulates cardiac metabolism, signaling, and electrophysiology over course of day, such that, disruption leads to age-onset cardiomyopathy (through unknown mechanisms). Here, we report that genetic results in chronic induction transcriptional repressor E4BP4. Importantly, E4BP4 deletion prevents following disruption. These studies also indicate...
Breakthroughs in HIV treatment, especially combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), have massively reduced AIDS-associated mortality. However, ART administration amplifies the risk of non-AIDS defining illnesses including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, collectively known as metabolic syndrome. Initial reports suggest that ART-associated syndrome correlates with socioeconomic status, a multifaceted finding encompasses income, race, education, diet. Therefore, determination...
Abstract Glucagon (GCG) is an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism that also promotes weight loss. We have shown glucagon-receptor (GCGR) signaling increases fatty acid oxidation (FAOx) in primary hepatocytes reduces liver triglycerides diet-induced obese (DIO) mice; however, the mechanisms underlying this aspect GCG biology remains unclear. Investigation hepatic GCGR targets elucidated a potent previously unknown induction leptin receptor (Lepr) expression. Liver known to...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of controlled reinfection on fertility cattle naturally preexposed to Chlamydophila abortus . All animals had high prechallenge levels immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 serum antibodies against ruminant C. in a chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty virgin heifers were estrus synchronized with prostaglandin F2, artificially inseminated 2 3 days later, challenged immediately by intrauterine administration 0, 10 4 , 5 6...
Inflammatory responses play a critical role in tissue–implant interactions, often limiting current implant utility. This is particularly true for cardiovascular devices. Existing stent technology does little to avoid or mitigate inflammation influence the vasomotion of artery after implantation. We have developed novel endothelium-mimicking nanomatrix composed peptide amphiphiles that enhances endothelialization while decreasing both smooth muscle cell proliferation and platelet adhesion....
The broadly expressed transcriptional coregulator LDB1 is essential for β-cell development and glucose homeostasis. However, it unclear whether has metabolic roles beyond the β-cell, especially under stress. Global Ldb1 deletion results in early embryonic lethality; thus, we used global heterozygous Ldb1+/− inducible β-cell–specific Ldb1-deficient (Ldb1Δβ-cell) mice. We assessed insulin tolerance, body composition, feeding, energy expenditure during high-fat diet exposure. Brown adipose...