A5039331758- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Graphene research and applications
- Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
- Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Chemical Synthesis and Reactions
- Bioenergy crop production and management
Helmholtz Zentrum München
2012-2023
BOKU University
2021
Technical University of Munich
2017-2020
University of Vienna
2015-2020
CK-CARE
2019
University of Augsburg
2018-2019
Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts
2018
Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
2011-2018
Cranfield University
2010
Pfizer (United States)
2006
An ordered draft sequence of the 17-gigabase hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome has been produced by sequencing isolated chromosome arms. We have annotated 124,201 gene loci distributed nearly evenly across homeologous chromosomes and subgenomes. Comparative analysis subgenomes extant diploid tetraploid relatives showed that high similarity structural conservation are retained, with limited loss, after polyploidization. However, genomes there was evidence dynamic gain,...
We used a novel approach that incorporated chromosome sorting, next-generation sequencing, array hybridization, and systematic exploitation of conserved synteny with model grasses to assign ~86% the estimated ~32,000 barley (Hordeum vulgare) genes individual arms. Using series bioinformatically constructed genome zippers integrate gene indices rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Brachypodium distachyon in model, we were able assemble 21,766 putative linear order. show (H)...
The subfamily of the Lemnoideae belongs to a different order than other monocotyledonous species that have been sequenced and comprises aquatic plants grow rapidly on water surface. Here we select Spirodela polyrhiza for whole-genome sequencing. We show has genome with no signs recent retrotranspositions but signatures two ancient duplications, possibly 95 million years ago (mya), older those in Arabidopsis rice. Its only 19,623 predicted protein-coding genes, which is 28% less...
The Kondo effect and superconductivity are both prime examples of many-body phenomena. Here we report transport measurements on a carbon nanotube quantum dot coupled to superconducting leads that show delicate interplay between effects. We demonstrate the does not destroy correlations when temperature, which varies for different single-electron states, exceeds gap energy.
We explore the electric-field effect of carbon nanotubes (NTs) in electrolytes. Due to large gate capacitance, Fermi energy shifts order +/- 1 V can be induced, enabling tune NTs from p n-type. Consequently, resistance changes are measured. At zero voltage hole doped air with E_F ? 0.3-0.5 eV, corresponding a doping level 10^{13} cm^{-2}. Hole-doping increases electrolyte. This (oxidation) is most likely caused by adsorption oxygen and cations
The rapidly increasing amount of plant genome (sequence) data enables powerful comparative analyses and integrative approaches also requires structured comprehensive information resources. Databases are needed for both model crop organisms intuitive search/browse views genomics tools should communicate the to researchers help them interpret it. MIPS PlantsDB (http://mips.helmholtz-muenchen.de/plant/genomes.jsp) was initially described in NAR 2007 [Spannagl,M., Noubibou,O., Haase,D., Yang,L.,...
Protein secretion systems play a key role in the interaction of bacteria and hosts. EffectiveDB (http://effectivedb.org) contains pre-calculated predictions bacterial secreted proteins intact systems. Here we describe major update database, which was previously featured NAR Database Issue. bundles various tools to recognize Type III signals, conserved binding sites chaperones, IV peptides, eukaryotic-like domains subcellular targeting signals host. Beyond analysis arbitrary protein sequence...
Abstract Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in replaced lateral branch-like structures resembling small-sized secondary spikes. As result this branch formation produces significantly more...
Abstract Background There is growing evidence for the prevalence of copy number variation (CNV) and its role in phenotypic many eukaryotic species. Here we use array comparative genomic hybridization to explore extent this type structural domesticated barley cultivars wild barleys. Results A collection 14 genotypes including eight six barleys were used hybridization. CNV affects 14.9% all sequences that assessed. Higher levels diversity are present accessions relative cultivated barley. CNVs...
PGSB (Plant Genome and Systems Biology: formerly MIPS) PlantsDB (http://pgsb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/plant/index.jsp) is a database framework for the comparative analysis visualization of plant genome data. The resource has been updated with new data sets types as well specialized tools interfaces to address user demands intuitive access complex In its latest incarnation, we have re-worked both layout navigation structure implemented keyword search options BLAST sequence functionality....
Abstract Background Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by graminearum Schwabe is one of the most prevalent diseases wheat ( Triticum aestivum L . ) and other small grain cereals. Resistance against fungus quantitative more than 100 trait loci (QTL) have been described. Two well-validated highly reproducible QTL, Fhb1 Qfhs.ifa-5A widely investigated, but to date underlying genes not identified. Results We investigated a gene co-expression network activated in response F. using RNA-seq data...
We have measured the differential conductance of individual multiwall carbon nanotubes. Coulomb blockade and energy level quantization are observed. The electron levels nearly fourfold degenerate (including spin) their evolution in magnetic field (Zeeman splitting) agrees with a g factor 2. In zero sequential filling states evolves spin S according to = 0-->1/2-->0.... A Kondo enhancement is observed when number electrons on tube odd.
Abstract Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important cereal crop and a model species for Triticeae genomics. To lay the foundation hierarchical map-based sequencing, genome-wide physical map of its large complex 5.1 billion-bp genome was constructed by high-information content fingerprinting almost 600,000 bacterial artificial chromosomes representing 14-fold haploid coverage. The resultant comprises 9,265 contigs with cumulative size 4.9 Gb 96% length barley genome. reliability verified...
Plant small-molecule UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT) glycosylate a vast number of endogenous substances but also act in detoxification metabolites produced by plant-pathogenic microorganisms. The ability to inactivate the Fusarium graminearum mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) into DON-3-O-glucoside is crucial for resistance cereals. We analyzed UGT gene family monocot model species Brachypodium distachyon and functionally characterized two clusters containing putative orthologs previously...
Summary Date palm Phoenix dactylifera is a desert crop well adapted to survive and produce fruits under extreme drought heat. How are palms such harsh environmental conditions able limit transpirational water loss? Here, we analysed the cuticular waxes, stomata structure function, molecular biology of guard cells from P. . To understand stomatal response stress phytohormone plant, cloned major elements necessary for cell fast abscisic acid ( ABA ) signalling reconstituted this signalosome in...
In plants, aerial organs originate continuously from stem cells in the center of shoot apical meristem. Descendants subepidermal layer are progenitors germ cells, giving rise to male and female gametes. these mutations, including insertions transposable elements or viruses, must be avoided preserve genome integrity across generations. To investigate molecular characteristics Arabidopsis, we isolated their nuclei analyzed stage-specific gene expression DNA methylation plants different ages....
Abstract Background Atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis, AD) is characterized by disrupted skin barrier associated with elevated pH and microbiome dysbiosis, due to high Staphylococcus aureus loads, especially during flares. Since S shows optimal growth at neutral pH, we investigated the longitudinal interplay between these factors AD severity in a pilot study. Method Emollient (with either basic 8.5 or 5.5) was applied double‐blinded twice daily 6 patients healthy (HE) controls for 8 weeks....
A coordinatively unsaturated ruthenium complex catalyzed the formation of a carbon−carbon bond between two judiciously chosen alkene and alkyne partners in good yield, chemo- regioselective fashion, despite significant degree unsaturation substrates. The resulting 1,4-diene forms backbone cytotoxic marine natural product amphidinolide P. partner was rapidly assembled from (R)-glycidyl tosylate, which served as linchpin one-flask, sequential three-components coupling process using...
Target 7C of the Millennium Development Goals is to “halve, by 2015, proportion people without sustainable access safe drinking water and basic sanitation”. However, corresponding indicator measures “proportion population using an improved source”. This raises question whether “safe” “improved” can be used interchangeably. paper tests this hypothesis comparing microbiological quality in 346 different sources across District Amuria Uganda each other defined standards, including WHO standard...
Abstract Grasses have varying inflorescence shapes; however, little is known about the genetic mechanisms specifying such shapes among tribes. Here, we identify grass-specific TCP transcription factor COMPOSITUM 1 (COM1) expressing in meristematic boundaries of different grasses. COM1 specifies branch-inhibition barley (Triticeae) versus branch-formation non-Triticeae Analyses cell size, walls and transcripts reveal regulates growth, thereby affecting wall properties signaling specifically...
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important staple food crop for 35% of world's population. International efforts are underway to facilitate an increase in production, which Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) plays role. As part this effort, we have developed a sequence-based physical map chromosome 6A using whole-genome profiling (WGP™). The bacterial artificial (BAC) contig assembly tools fingerprinted (fpc) and linear topological (ltc) were used their assemblies...
Abstract Fusarium head blight is a prevalent disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), which leads to considerable losses in yield and quality. Quantitative resistance the causative fungus graminearum poorly understood. We integrated transcriptomics metabolomics data dissect molecular response its main virulence factor, toxin deoxynivalenol near-isogenic lines segregating for two quantitative trait loci, Fhb1 Qfhs.ifa-5A. The sets portrait rearrangements primary metabolism translational...