A5075279634- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Johns Hopkins University
2018-2025
Allen Institute for Brain Science
2018-2025
University of Chile
2013-2019
Reinforcement allows organisms to learn which stimuli predict subsequent biological relevance. Hebbian mechanisms of synaptic plasticity are insufficient account for reinforced learning because neuromodulators signaling relevance delayed with respect the neural activity associated stimulus. A theoretical solution is concept eligibility traces (eTraces), silent processes elicited by upon arrival a neuromodulator converted into lasting change in strength. Previously we demonstrated visual...
Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique, which can penetrate deeper and modulate neural activity with greater spatial resolution (on the order of millimeters) than currently available brain methods, such as transcranial magnetic (TMS) direct current (tDCS). While there are several studies demonstrating ability tFUS to neuronal activity, it unclear whether be used for producing long-term plasticity needed modify circuit function,...
To date, most in vitro toxicity testing has focused on acute effects of compounds at high concentrations. This strategy does not reflect real-life exposures, which might contribute to long-term disease outcome. We used a 3D-human dopaminergic LUHMES cell line model determine whether short-term rotenone exposure (100 nM, 24 h) are permanent or reversible. A decrease complex I activity, ATP, mitochondrial diameter, and neurite outgrowth were observed acutely. After compound removal, activity...
Alterations to the excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio are postulated underlie behavioral phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients and mouse models. However, wild type mice E/I is not constant, but instead oscillates across 24-h day. Therefore, we tested whether regulation, rather than overall ratio, disrupted two ASD-related lines: Fmr1 KO BTBR, models of syndromic idiopathic ASD, respectively. The dysregulated both models, different ways: oscillation lost reversed BTBR mice....
Binocular vision is a visual property that allows fine discrimination of in-depth distance (stereopsis), as well enhanced light and contrast sensitivity. In mammals binocular structurally associated with large degree frontal overlap, the presence corresponding retinal specialization containing fovea or an area centralis, well-developed ipsilateral projections to lateral thalamus (GLd). We compared these traits in two visually active species genus Octodon exhibit contrasting habits: diurnal...
Abstract Ionic currents, whether measured as conductance amplitude or ion channel transcript numbers, can vary many-fold within a population of identified neurons. In invertebrate neuronal types multiple currents be seen to while at the same time their magnitudes are correlated. These correlations thought reflect tight homeostasis cellular excitability that enhances robustness and stability activity over long stretches time. Although such ionic well documented in invertebrates, they have not...
Significance We report a unique form of neural plasticity in the visual cortex. Unlike well-known forms plasticity, which synaptic connections are slowly weakened or strengthened, we found that deprivation causes rapid and transient “all-or-none” loss local between pyramidal cells parvalbumin-positive interneurons (Pyr→PV). After 1 d deprivation, half these lost, whereas spared ones remain unchanged; after 2 connectivity levels return to normal. Finally, show this early all-or-none Pyr→PV is...
Neuromodulatory systems are essential for remodeling glutamatergic connectivity during experience-dependent cortical plasticity. This permissive/enabling function of neuromodulators has been associated with their capacity to facilitate the induction Hebbian forms long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) by affecting cellular network excitability. In vitro studies indicate that also affect expression plasticity in a pull-push manner: receptors coupled G-protein Gs promote LTP at...
Monocular deprivation (MD) causes an initial decrease in synaptic responses to the deprived eye juvenile mouse primary visual cortex (V1) through Hebbian long-term depression (LTD). This is followed by a homeostatic increase, which has been attributed either scaling or slide threshold for potentiation (LTP) rather than scaling. We therefore asked mice of all sexes whether increase during MD requires GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor activity, required plasticity but not Selective GluN2B...
Nocturnal animals that rely on their visual system for foraging, mating, and navigation usually exhibit specific traits associated with living in scotopic conditions. Most nocturnal birds have several specializations, such as enlarged eyes an increased orbital convergence. However, the actual role of binocular vision foraging is still debated. Nightjars (Aves: Caprimulgidae) are predators actively pursue capture flying insects crepuscular environments, mainly using a conspicuous...
Associative plasticity at thalamocortical synapses is thought to be constrained by age in the mammalian cortex. However, here we show for first time that prolonged visual deprivation induces robust and reversible between order thalamus cortical layer 4 pyramidal neurons. The associative expressed changes presynaptic function, thereby amplifying relaying change efferent drive
ABSTRACT Disinhibition is an obligatory initial step in the remodeling of cortical circuits by sensory experience. Our investigation on disinhibitory mechanisms classical model ocular dominance plasticity uncovered unexpected novel form experience-dependent circuit plasticity. In layer 2/3 mouse visual cortex monocular deprivation triggers a complete, “all-or-none”, elimination connections from pyramidal cells onto nearby parvalbumin-positive interneurons (Pyr➔PV). This unique as it...
Abstract Monocular deprivation (MD) causes an initial decrease in synaptic responses to the deprived eye juvenile mouse primary visual cortex (V1) through Hebbian long-term depression (LTD). This is followed by a homeostatic increase, which has been attributed scaling. However, homeostasis during other forms of caused sliding threshold for potentiation (LTP) rather than We therefore asked whether increase MD requires GluN2B-containing NMDA receptor activity, required slide plasticity but not...
SUMMARY Neuromodulatory systems are essential for remodeling glutamatergic connectivity during experience-dependent cortical plasticity. This permissive/enabling function of neuromodulators has been associated with their capacity to facilitate the induction Hebbian forms long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) by affecting cellular network excitability. In vitro studies indicate that can also affect expression plasticity in a pull-push manner: receptors coupled G-protein Gs promote...
ABSTRACT Altered neural excitability is considered a prominent contributing factor to cognitive decline during aging. A clear example the excess activity observed in several temporal lobe structures of cognitively impaired older individuals rodents and humans. At cellular level, aging-related changes mechanisms regulating intrinsic have been well examined pyramidal cells CA1 hippocampal subfield. Studies inbred Fisher 344 rat strain document an age-related increase slow...
Abstract Capacitance of biological membranes is determined by the properties lipid portion membrane, as well morphological features a cell. In neurons, membrane capacitance determining factor synaptic integration, action potential propagation speed and firing frequency due to its direct effect on time constant. Besides slow changes associated with increased complexity during postnatal maturation, neuron capacity largely considered stable, non-regulated constant magnitude. Here we report that...