A5111455867- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
National Institutes of Health
2007-2025
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
2013-2025
Weatherford College
2015
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2010
Complejo Asistencial Sótero del Río
2010
Duke University
2009
National Institute on Drug Abuse
2009
National Cancer Institute
2008
Wayne State University
2005-2007
University of Waterloo
2007
A physiological compartmental model of α-linolenic acid metabolism was derived from the plasma concentration-time curves for d5-18:3n-3, d5-20:5n-3, d5-22:5n-3, and d5-22:6n-3 in eight healthy subjects. Subjects received a 1-g oral dose an isotope tracer α-linolenate (d5-18:3n-3 ethyl ester) while subsisting on rigorously controlled beef-based diet. By utilizing Windows Simulation Analysis Modeling program, kinetic parameters were determined each subject. Half-lives mean transit times n-3...
Suppressing hyperactive endocannabinoid tone is a critical target for reducing obesity. The backbone of both endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA) the ω-6 fatty acid arachidonic (AA). Here we posited that excessive dietary intake linoleic (LA), precursor AA, would induce hyperactivity promote LA was isolated as an independent variable to reflect increase in from 1 percent energy (en%) 8 en% occurring United States during 20th century. Mice were fed diets...
Ketone bodies are the most energy-efficient fuel and yield more ATP permole of substrate than pyruvate increase free energy released from hydrolysis. Elevation circulating ketones via high-fat, low carbohydrate diets has been used for treatment drug-refractory epilepsy neuro degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Ketones may also be beneficial muscle brain in times stress, endurance exercise. The challenge to raise ketone levels by using a palatable diet without altering lipid...
In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in a triple transgenic (3xTgAD) mouse model of AD low glucose metabolism the brain precedes loss memory cognitive decline. The ketones by-passes glycolysis therefore may correct several deficiencies that are associated hypometabolism. A dietary supplement composed an ester D-β-hydroxybutyrate R-1,3 butane diol referred to as ketone (KE) was incorporated into rodent diet fed 3xTgAD mice for 8 months. At 16.5 months age animals were killed brains...
Alzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative pathology-modifying mitochondrial metabolism with energy impairments where the effects of biological sex and DNA repair deficiencies are unclear. We investigated therapeutic potential dietary ketosis alone or supplemental nicotinamide riboside (NR) on hippocampal intermediary bioenergetics in older male female wild-type (Wt) 3xTgAD-DNA polymerase-β-deficient (3xTg/POLβ+/-) (AD) mice. polymerase-β key enzyme base excision (BER) oxidative damage that...
Samples of wheat naturally infected by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe were obtained from mills in Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, and Minnesota fields Nebraska Kansas 1982; they analyzed for deoxynivalenol (DON). The was milled, DON found throughout all the milling fractions (bran, shorts, reduction flour, break flour). recoveries each mill run ranged 90 to 98%. These samples, regardless concentration, also gave similar fractional distributions DON. greatest (21 ppm [21 micrograms/g])...
Three groups of male Wistar rats were pair fed NIH-31 diets for 14 days to which added 30% calories as corn starch, palm oil, or R-3-hydroxybutyrate-R-1,3-butanediol monoester (3HB-BD ester). On the 14th day, animal brains removed by freeze-blowing, and brain metabolites measured. Animals ketone ester diet had elevated mean blood bodies 3.5 mm lowered plasma glucose, insulin, leptin. Despite decreased leptin, feeding ad lib voluntary food intake 2-fold 6 while malonyl-CoA was increased about...
The carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-responsive transcription factor that plays an essential role in converting excess carbohydrate to fat storage the liver. In response glucose levels, ChREBP regulated by nuclear/cytosol trafficking via interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, CRM-1 (exportin-1 or XPO-1), importins. Nuclear localization of was rapidly inhibited when incubated branched-chain α-ketoacids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids,...
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a key enzyme for detoxification the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde, is recognized as promising therapeutic target to treat alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Disulfiram, potent ALDH2 inhibitor, an approved drug treatment of AUD but has clinical limitations due its side effects. This study aims elucidate relative contribution different organs in acetaldehyde clearance through by using global- (Aldh2-/-) and tissue-specific Aldh2-deficient mice, examine whether...
A comparison was made between the liver and brain conversion of linoleic acid, 18:2n-6, linolenic 18:3n-3, to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in domestic felines. This report demonstrates that 6-desaturase activity does exist feline. The produced deuterium-labeled up 22:4n-6 22:5n-3. found accumulate acids, 22:5n-6, 22:6n-3, 24:4n-6, 24:5n-6, 24:5n-3, 24:6n-3. Adult felines were provided a diet consisting either 10% fat (hydrogenated coconut oil-corn oil 9:1) containing no 20- or...
Pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) and paragangliomas (PGLs; extra-adrenal tumors) are rare neuroendocrine chromaffin cell tumors with a hereditary background in about 30%-35%. Those caused by succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) germline mutations associated high metastatic potential ultimately higher patient mortality. Succinate converts to fumarate, uniquely linking the Krebs cycle oxidative phosphorylation. SDH result accumulation of various metabolic disturbances shift aerobic glycolysis...
A stable-isotope liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry (LC−MS) assay was developed for the quantitative determination of folic acid in fortified foods. Folic extracted from food samples into a phosphate buffer, purified on C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge, and analyzed by LC−MS negative ion mode using electrospray ionization. The analyte quantified 13C5-folic as an internal standard. coefficient variation precision method 5.6% based analysis four sample replicates. accuracy assessed standard...
The effects of cigarette smoking on n-3 essential FA metabolism were studied in male and female subjects by fitting the concentration-time curves d5-labeled plasma fatty acids (FAs) originating from a dose d5-18:3n-3 to compartmental model metabolism. For 3 weeks, (smokers, n = 5; nonsmokers, 5) subsisted beef-based diet. Beginning third week, received ethyl ester (1 g). Plasma FAs analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) GC-mass spectrometry, kinetic rate parameters determined for d5-18:3n-3,...
Because of a decreased sensitivity toward insulin, key regulator pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), Alzheimer's patients have lower brain glucose utilization with reductions in Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle metabolites such as citrate, precursor to n-acetyl-aspartate. In the 3xTgAd mouse model disease (AD), aging mice also demonstrate low metabolism. Ketone metabolism can overcome PDH inhibition and restore TCA metabolites, thereby enhancing amino acid biosynthesis. A ketone ester...