We hypothesized that the epithelial reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening and eosinophilic inflammation characteristic of asthma would be present in symptomatic infants with reversible airflow obstruction.RBM thickness numbers inflammatory cells were determined ultrathin sections endobronchial biopsies obtained from 53 during clinical bronchoscopy for severe wheeze and/or cough. Group A: 16 a median age 12 months (range 3.4-26 months), decreased specific airway conductance (sGaw)...

Respiratory function and airway inflammation can be evaluated in preschool children with special techniques, but their relative power identifying young asthma has not been studied. This study was undertaken to compare the value of exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)), baseline lung function, bronchodilator responsiveness newly detected probable asthma.Ninety six (age 3.8-7.5 years) asthmatic symptoms or history 62 age matched healthy non-atopic controls were FE(NO) measured standard online single...

Abstract Exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO ) was proposed as a marker of airway inflammation, but data about FE in healthy children measured with standardized methods are so far limited. In order to assess the determinants children, we investigated population‐based sample school‐age (n = 276) questionnaire, skin‐prick tests, spirometry, and measurement . The 114 nonatopic nonsmoking considered were analyzed stepwise multiple regression analysis, which showed significant associations age, standing...

In order to study the determinants of respiratory system impedance and bronchodilator response in preschool children, a sample (n = 109) healthy children (age 2.1-7.0 years) attending kindergarten was measured by using impulse oscillometry. Their selection based on standardized questionnaire, negative skin prick test results clinical examination, sufficient cooperation. Triple measurements resistance (Rrs) reactance (Xrs) at 5, 10, 15 20 Hz, total (Zrs), resonance frequency (Fr) dependence...

The forced oscillation technique makes it possible to evaluate the mechanical properties of respiratory system with a minimum cooperation. method is therefore especially useful in children. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) commercially available version this technique. There is, as yet, limited information on reference values for IOS aim study was extend variables and their correlation height, weight age healthy A sample (n = 360) children (age 2.1-11.1 years) measured by using impulse (IOS;...

Abstract Exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a specific sign of active asthma, but its assessment in young children may be difficult with lung function techniques requiring cooperation. The aim the study was to assess normal pattern exercise‐induced responses respiratory impedance by using impulse oscillometry (IOS), and investigate how these discriminate wheezy from control subjects. IOS measurements were performed consecutive sample aged 3–7 years (n = 130) an matched group...

Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) has recently been described as an obstructive airway disease that affects infants aged 1–24 months, and presents typically with tachypnoea, crackles hypoxia. The pathogenesis the is unknown. We describe clinical course nine radiologically histologically confirmed NEHI. Host or environmental factors were not associated development. All lung function tests demonstrated findings consistent severe irreversible peripheral obstruction, assessed...

Reduced lung function in early childhood is associated with persistent symptoms and low later life. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) feasible for assessing also preschool children, some of the parameters, such as respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5) frequency dependence (dRrs/df), have been suggested to reflect small airway dysfunction. Whether changes IOS predict remains unknown.The medical data 154 asthmatic children performed 2-7 years spirometry 12-18 were analyzed. post-bronchodilator...

Background: Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are passive devices, which rely on a patient's inspiratory effort for drug dispersion and delivery. The aim of this study was to assess how acute bronchoconstriction affects the ability use Easyhaler DPI in adults. Methods: This conducted as part parallel-group clinical trial assessing Salbutamol Easyhaler, Budesonide-formoterol salbutamol pMDI with spacer during methacholine challenge (MC) test. inhalations through both variants, inhaler single active...

Patients with mild intermittent asthma sometimes show signs of inflammation, and guidelines suggesting bronchodilator therapy alone as needed may be questioned. The current study compared as-needed use a rapid-acting beta2-agonist corticosteroid combination the only medication in patients symptoms. A total 92 nonsmoking (of 187 screened) using an inhaled (28 males, 64 females; mean age 37 yrs; forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1) 101% predicted, reversibility 6.5% pred fractional...

<h3>Background</h3> Relationships between early deficits of lung function, infant airway pathology and outcome in symptomatic infants are unclear. A study was undertaken to determine the associations histology inflammation with continuance respiratory symptoms, function subsequent use inhaled asthma medication at age 3 years. <h3>Methods</h3> 53 children who underwent measurements bronchoscopy following referral a specialist children9s hospital for recurrent lower symptoms mean 1 year were...

Abstract Aim This study examined the efficacy and safety of peanut oral immunotherapy ( OIT ). Methods We recruited 60 patients aged six years to 18 who had a moderate‐to‐severe reaction double‐blind placebo‐controlled challenge: 39 received during an eight‐month build‐up phase maintenance 21 controls avoided peanuts. measured specific immunoglobulin E G4 (IgE IgG4) peanuts Ara h 1, 2, 3, 8 9 monitored adverse events, bronchial hyper‐responsiveness BHR ) methacholine fractional...

Premature birth is related to a chronic respiratory morbidity, which may persist until school-age. In these children, the forced oscillation technique would be suitable for evaluation of lung function even at preschool age, since it requires only minimal patient cooperation. order investigate oscillometric findings premature birth, using and conventional methods 49 school-aged children born prematurely with (n=15) or without (n=34) disease (CLD), 18 healthy full term were studied. Children...

<h3>Objective</h3> Research on the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation (SD) is lagging and has not produced completely uniform results in humans animals. The present study aimed to reassess effect SD patients animals by meta-analysis based updated research. <h3>Methods</h3> We searched PubMed, Embase Cochrane Library for articles since first relevant literature published up June 10th, 2019. Data sample characteristics, features SD, tests depression were extracted. <h3>Results</h3>...

In early childhood, the ability to mount protective immune responses in airways is impaired, with increased risk of allergic sensitisation inhaled allergens. Antigen presenting cells (APC) and regulatory T (Treg) are important modifiers cell immunity but little known about their distribution bronchial mucosa at this age. Here subset APC appearance Foxp3(+) Treg bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) were examined immunohistochemically children less than 2 years age chronic asthma-like...

The association between exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) has not been investigated in young children with atopic or non-atopic wheeze, two different phenotypes of asthma the early childhood. Steroid naïve 3- to 7-yr-old recent wheeze (n = 84) age-matched control subjects without respiratory symptoms 71) underwent exercise challenge test, measurement FE(NO) skin prick testing (SPT). EIB was assessed by using impulse oscillometry, standard online...

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) has been found to be associated with an increased incidence of asthma at school age. However, prospective population-based studies CMA and the development airway inflammation bronchial hyperresponsivess (BHR) are lacking.The aims this study was evaluate as a risk factor for BHR presented later in childhood.We followed prospectively 118 children invited them clinical visit mean age 8.6 years including measurement exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO) ) challenge histamine....

Lung function variability is a fundamental feature of asthma but has been difficult to quantify in children due methodological limitations. We assessed the feasibility and clinical implications overnight flow measurement at home using impedance pneumography young children. 44 aged 3–7 years with recurrent or persistent lower airway symptoms were recruited. Patients divided into high- lower-risk groups (HR LR groups) based on their risk (modified Asthma Predictive Index), third group was...