Introduction Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common complication of herpes zoster (HZ). This study aimed to use large real-world electronic medical records database determine the optimal machine learning model for predicting progression severe PHN and identify associated risk factors. Methods We analyzed 23,326 patients diagnosed with HZ from January 2010 June 2020. was defined as pain persisting ≥90 days post-HZ, based on diagnostic prescription codes. Five algorithms were compared select...

Abstract Background Colistin is frequently used as a treatment for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. dosing should be adjusted according to the patient's renal function because prodrug, colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), partially removed kidney. Intensive care unit (ICU) patients may require individualized prevent nephrotoxicity or failure due highly variable pharmacokinetics (PK) of colistin.Figure 1.Example recommendation program – Patient information input...

This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the features of acute dysphagia observed during videofluoroscopic swallowing (VFSS) in critically ill children and their potential anticipate clinical outcomes. Administrative healthcare data aged 1-18 were analyzed. Data collected from pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) a single tertiary medical center South Korea between March 2019 December 2022. We reviewed VFSS conducted on patients PICU who referred by clinicians suspecting...

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to combine an integrated microphysiological system (MPS) with a computational multicompartmental physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model improve methods for predicting human pharmacokinetics using diclofenac. We also tried identify transcriptomic biomarkers that respond significantly diclofenac exposure in MPS chip determine the similarity drug responses those and potential our understanding pharmacodynamics drugs.Methods: used...

Assessing vaccine efficacy (VE) during emerging epidemics is challenging due to unpredictable disease transmission dynamics. We aimed investigate the impact of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) timing on estimates VE and sample sizes future respiratory diseases. developed an age-structured susceptible-exposed-infected-asymptomatically infected-removed (SEIAR) compartment models using 2022 Korean population, COVID-19 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic influenza parameters. Various RCT scenarios were...

Background Chronic kidney disease prognosis is determined based on glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria categories. However, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) test not performed all patients as a screening test. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for with confirmed by urine dipstick negative develop model predict underestimated patients. Methods We analyzed data from 19,034 adult 2019–2022 Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey. factor comparing...

This study developed a pharmacokinetic model and web-based tool to distinguish true invasive aspergillosis from false positives caused by contaminated fluids. By analyzing galactomannan kinetics, were identified within 24 hours, improving diagnostic accuracy aiding clinicians in early decision making while minimizing unnecessary interventions.

Predicting the rate and extent of oral absorption drugs in humans has been a challenging task for new drug researchers. This tutorial reviews vitro PBPK methods reported past decades that are widely applied to predicting humans. The physicochemical property permeability (typically obtained using Caco-2 system) data is first necessity predict from gut lumen intestinal epithelium (Fa). Intrinsic clearance measured human microsome or hepatocytes also needed (Fg) hepatic (Fh) bioavailability....

GCC-4401C, an orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor that is similar to rivaroxaban, currently under development for venous thromboembolic disease (VTE). The purpose of this study was characterize the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) GCC-4401C by population modeling analysis predict proper dosage regimens compared rivaroxaban using data from two phase I clinical studies. Plasma concentrations over time were best described a two-compartment linear model body weight...

We have streamlined known in vitro methods used to predict the clearance (CL) of small molecules humans this tutorial. There been many publications on that are at different steps human CL prediction. The from initial intrinsic measurement final application well-stirred model obtain predicted hepatic (CLH) somewhat complicated. Except for experts drug metabolism and PBPK, development scientists found it hard figure out entire picture To help readers overcome barrier, we introduce each method...

Background: Tacrolimus shows high variability in inter- and intraindividual pharmacokinetics (PK); therefore, it is important to develop an appropriate model for accurate therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) procedures. This study aimed a pharmacokinetic tacrolimus that can be used TDM procedures Korean adult transplant recipients by integrating published models with acquired real-world data evaluating clinically meaningful covariates. Methods: Clinical of 1829 trough blood samples from 269...

Welcome to Annals of Global Health,Annals Health is a peer-reviewed, fully open access, online journal dedicated publishing high quality articles all aspects global health. The journal's mission advance health, promote research, and foster the prevention treatment disease worldwide. Its goals are improve health well-being people, equity, wise stewardship earth's environment. latest impact factor 3.64.Annals supported by Program for Public Common Good at Boston College. It was founded in 1934...

The performance of "trough sampling before reaching steady-state" and "serial beyond the interval between in a multiple-dose pharmacokinetic evaluation was compared. Drugs with long half-lives, following multi-compartment pharmacokinetics, whose distribution-related characteristics are less likely to be assessed within one dosing focused.Amlodipine data were collected from human pharmacology study performed Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (Seoul, Korea). Plasma concentration until 144 hrs after...

Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), used as a therapeutic and an illegal anesthetic, is human neurotransmitter produced during gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) biosynthesis metabolism. Potential biomarker metabolites of GHB intoxication have been identified previously; however, reference concentrations not set due to the lack clinical study data. Urinary profiling endogenous its in urine samples (n = 472) 206 healthy females was performed based on differences age time sample collection using liquid...

Metformin, an oral antihyperglycemic agent, is widely used as the first-line pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).It has been in use several decades numerous different formulations.However, despite its use, population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling of metformin not well developed.The aim present study was to evaluate effect formulation on PK parameters by developing a model Koreans and using this assess bioequivalence.We comparative single agent fixed-dose combination 36...

This tutorial introduces background and methods to predict the human volume of distribution (V d ) drugs using in vitro animal pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters.The physiologically based PK (PBPK) method is on familiar equation:In this equation, V p (plasma volume) T (tissue are known physiological values, k tp plasma partition coefficient) experimentally measured.Here, may be predicted by PBPK models because it correlated with physicochemical property tissue composition (fraction lipid...

CKD519, a selective inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP), is undergoing development as an oral agent for the treatment primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia. The aim this study was to predict appropriate efficacious dose CKD519 humans in terms inhibition CETP activity by developing pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model based on data from preclinical studies. intravenously orally administered hamsters, rats, monkeys PK assessment. Animal models all...

<title>Abstract</title> Conventional two-dimensional in vitro cell cultures and animal models often inadequately predict human pharmacokinetics (PKs) pharmacodynamics owing to the complexity of physiology interspecies diversity. This study introduces an innovative approach integrating a microphysiological systems (MPS) with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling transcriptomic analysis address these challenges. Our multiorgan MPS, incorporating gut, liver, kidney chips,...

Abstract Early diagnosis and following management are important determinants of the prognosis multiple myeloma (MM). However, screening for MM is not routinely performed because it rare disease. In this study, we evaluated association prior disease condition socioeconomic status (SES) with developed a simple predictive model that can identify patients at high risk developing who may need using nationwide database from South Korea. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, eight...

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Purpose</bold> : Despite improvements in multiple myeloma (MM) survival rates, data on cardiovascular outcomes long-term survivors remain lacking. <bold>Methods</bold> This retrospective case-control study utilized the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2009–2020) to compare incidence of disease (CVD) between patients with MM and a matched control group, focusing (&gt;5 years) survivors. A preliminary case cohort (n=15,402 MM) (n=123,216 without...