We describe the isolation of a novel protein from conditioned medium human articular cartilage chondrocytes in primary culture. This 39-kDa has N-terminal sequence YKL, which we have termed YKL-39. The 1434-nucleotide YKL-39 cDNA predicts 385-residue initial translation product and 364-residue mature amino acid is most closely related to YKL-40, followed by macrophage chitotriosidase, oviductal glycoprotein, YM-1. All five proteins share significant identity with bacterial chitinases...

A full-scale biosystem consisting of two anaerobic reactors (HA and BF1) four aerobic ones (BF2-BF4 OD) in succession receiving antibiotic-bearing (mainly streptomycin) wastewater was used for studying the impacts antibiotics on microbial community structures. Significant decreases streptomycin (from 3955 ± 1910 to 23.1 4.7 μg L(-1)) COD(Cr) were observed along treatment process. Cloning results show that dominated with Deltaproteobacteria (51%) mainly affiliated sulfate-reducing bacteria...

Abstract Increasing evidence supports that ELL (eleven–nineteen lysine-rich leukaemia) is a key regulator of transcriptional elongation, but the physiological function Ell in mammals remains elusive. Here we show functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and targets c-Myc for proteasomal degradation. In addition, identify UbcH8 serves ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme this pathway. Cysteine 595 active site enzyme; its mutation to alanine (C595A) renders protein unable promote ubiquitination degradation...

The issue of multi-scale driving forces within land systems has emerged as one the pivotal research directions for innovative exploration in field science. However, understanding differences factors across different scales remains relatively inadequate. Based on multi-source data spanning from 2000 to 2020, this study applied GeoDetector models reveal evolution spatiotemporal pattern land-use change and scale rural areas Loess Plateau region both prefecture-level township scale. results...

Studies have attributed several functions to the Eaf family, including tumor suppression and eye development. Given potential association between cancer development, we set forth explore Eaf1 Eaf2/U19 activity in vertebrate embryogenesis, using zebrafish. In situ hybridization revealed similar eaf1 eaf2/u19 expression patterns. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of either or produced morphological changes that could be reversed by ectopic target reciprocal-target mRNA. However, combination...

Coordination between the endoderm and adjacent cardiac mesoderm is crucial for heart development. We previously showed that myocardial migration promoted by convergent movement of endoderm, which itself controlled S1pr2/Gα13 signaling pathway, but it remains unclear how movements two tissues coordinated. Here, we image live fixed embryos to follow these movements, revealing unappreciated details strikingly complex dynamic associations precursors. found during segmentation underwent three...

Life-sustaining responses to low oxygen, or hypoxia, depend on signal transduction by HIFs, but the underlying mechanisms which cells sense hypoxia are not completely understood. Based prior studies suggesting a link between β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) and responses, we hypothesized that β-AR mediates sensing is necessary for HIF-1α accumulation. Beta blocker treatment of mice suppressed induction renal accumulation, erythropoietin production, erythropoiesis in vivo. Likewise, beta primary...

FOXO genes are involved in many aspects of development and vascular homeostasis by regulating cell apoptosis, proliferation, the control oxidative stress. In addition, have been showed to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling competing with T factor bind β-catenin. However, how important this inhibition vivo, particularly embryogenesis is still unknown. To demonstrate roles will help us further understand their relevant physiological functions. Zebrafish foxo3b gene, an orthologue mammalian FOXO3,...

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activates multiple signaling pathways, alters gene expression and causes leukemic cell differentiation. How TPA-induced genes contribute to differentiation remains elusive. We noticed that chromosome 7 open reading frame 41 (C7ORF41) was a TPA-responsive its upregulation concurred with human megakaryocyte In K562 cells, ectopic of C7ORF41 significantly increased CD61 expression, enhanced ERK JNK signaling, upregulated RUNX1 FLI1, whereas knockdown...

Glypicans influence signaling pathways by regulating morphogen trafficking and reception. However, the underlying mechanisms in vertebrates are poorly understood. In zebrafish, Glypican 4 (Gpc4) is required for convergence extension (C&E) of both mesoderm endoderm. Here, we show that transgenic expression GFP-Gpc4 endoderm gpc4 mutants rescued C&E defects all germ layers. The rescue was likely mediated Wnt5b Wnt11f2 depended on filopodia rather than cleavage Gpc4 GPI anchor. bound...

We describe here the isolation of a novel non-collagenous protein from acid demineralization extract bovine cortical bone. This 24-kDa is multiply phosphorylated at serine residues in Ser-X-Glu/Ser(P) sequences, recognition motif for phosphorylation by secretory pathway kinase, and we have termed this secreted phosphoprotein 24 (spp24).The cDNA structure spp24 was determined sequencing fragments obtained reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 3′-rapid amplification ends, screening...

ABSTRACT During embryogenesis, the germ layers, including endoderm, undergo convergence and extension movements to narrow elongate body plan. In zebrafish, dorsal migration of endodermal cells during gastrulation is controlled by chemokine signaling, but little known about how they migrate segmentation. Here, we show that glypican 4 (Gpc4), a member heparin sulfate proteoglycan family, required for efficient anterior early segmentation, regulating Rac activation maintain polarized actin-rich...

Abstract Lymph node metastasis (LNM) facilitates distant tumor colonization and leads to the high mortality in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, it remains elusive how ICC cells subvert immune surveillance within primary microenvironment (TIME) subsequently metastasize lymph nodes (LNs). In this study, scRNA-seq bulk RNA-seq analyses identified decreased infiltration of dendritic (DCs) into sites LNM, which was further validated via dual-color immunofluorescence...

Abstract An absolute essential for effective water resource management and ecological restoration is knowing the temporal spatial variation of runoff. The objective this study was to determine changes in runoff at main hydrological stations along Minjiang River Dadu between 1961 2016 using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test annual analysis. Canonical correspondence analysis regression were used contribution anthropogenic disturbance, vegetation, climatic conditions change. each station showed...

Abstract The Lancang River, located in the upper reach of Mekong has attracted worldwide attention for large‐scale development hydropower on its main stream, In paper, taking Manwan dam as a case study, we adopt emergy analysis method three ratio indices, i.e. yield ( EYR ), environmental loading ELR ) and ecosystem index sustainability EIS to analyse beneficial contribution construction operation (DCP) regional social system, pressure well river (reservoir area downstream channel)....

Studies implicate an important role for the mixed lineage leukemia (Mll) gene in hematopoiesis, mainly through maintaining Hox expression. However, mechanisms underlying Mll-mediated hematopoiesis during embryogenesis remain largely unclear. Here, we investigate of mll zebrafish embryogenesis, particularly hematopoiesis. Mll depletion caused severe defects as indicated by a lack blood flow and mature cells well significant reduction expression hematopoietic progenitor cell markers....