Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most frequently detected mycotoxin in cereal grains and processed food or feed. Two transcription factors, Tri6 Tri10, are essential for DON biosynthesis Fusarium graminearum . In this study we conduct stranded RNA-seq analysis with tri6 tri10 mutants show that Tri10 acts as a master regulator controlling expression of sense antisense transcripts TRI6 over 450 genes diverse functions. more specific regulating TRI although it negatively regulates TRI10...

A-to-I RNA editing catalyzed by adenosine-deaminase-acting-on-RNA (ADARs) was assumed to be unique metazoans because fungi and plants lack ADAR homologs. However, genome-wide messenger (mRNA) found occur specifically during sexual reproduction in filamentous ascomycetes. Because systematic characterization of adenosine/cytosine deaminase genes has implicated the involvement TAD2 TAD3 orthologs editing, this study, we used genetic biochemical approaches characterize role FgTAD2 , an essential...

1 To understand root dynamics of the native, perennial clonal grass Leymus chinensis in Inner Mongolia steppe, we examined spatial and temporal effects N addition on survivorship longevity traits L. by studying responses roots distributed three soil layers (0–10, 10–20 20–30 cm) born seasons (spring, summer autumn) to with modified rhizotron technique during growing 2004–05. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used generate survival functions estimate mean life spans. 2 Roots displayed similar spans...

Given the threats to regional river ecological flow, including sharp increase in per capita water demand, number of hydraulic engineering, and strong seasonal runoff rainfall recharge channels, we clarified appropriate flow thresholds for middle reaches Bailong River northwest China. Based on monthly data Wudu Hydrological Station from 1990 2020, seven suitable hydrological methods were used couple estimation River, which tested by satisfaction level analysis, using quadratic fit 95%...

Water scarcity is a critical constraint to the cultivation of medicinal crops. Establishing irrigation requirements for plants crucial large-scale production crude drugs in China. To evaluate response indigowoad root growth water deficit (WD) under-mulched drip irrigation, and determine optimal mode this crop Hexi Corridor's desert oasis, two WD levels were applied: mild (65–75% FC [field capacity]) moderate (55–65% FC). These treatments implemented during vegetative (VG) fleshy-root (RG)...

In the context of global warming, drought is a crucial factor affecting agricultural production, especially for oasis farming areas northwestern China, where water resources are extremely scarce. To reveal response watermelon consumption (WC), yield, quality, and use efficiency (WUE) to deficit (WD) determine optimal mode irrigation in desert Hexi, we applied different WD treatments on field 2020 2021. The experiments employed two gradients light (l) moderate (m) during seedling (S), vine...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important channel for water transport and energy conversion in land–air systems, the spatial quantification of actual ET crucial resource management scheduling arid areas. Using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm Land (SEBAL) model satellite images, this study determined during growing season 2020 Shiyang River Basin northwest China investigated driving mechanism using a principal component regression. The results showed that obtained Penman-Monteith equation...

The combination of Xiaozheng decoction with postoperative intravesical instillation has been shown to improve the prognosis bladder cancer patients and prevent recurrence. However, mechanisms underlying efficacy this herbal formula remain largely unclear. This research aims identify important components explore their anti-bladder effect mechanism using network pharmacology-based experiments.The chemical ingredients each herb in were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) database....

Meiosis is essential for generating genetic diversity and sexual spores, but the regulation of meiosis ascosporogenesis not clear in filamentous fungi, which dikaryotic diploid cells formed inside fruiting bodies are free living independent pheromones or pheromone receptors. In this study, Gia1, a non-pheromone GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) with sexual-specific expression Fusarium graminearum , found to be ascosporogenesis. The gia1 mutant was normal perithecium development, crozier...

As the most effective irrigation method in arid and semi-arid regions, drip under mulch could general comprehension of production efficiency agricultural water, reduce agriculture consumption water resources. The paper has carried out an investigation over a two year period (2020–2021) climate Hexi Oasis region China, aiming at determining influence regulated deficit (RDI) on growth, yield, use (WUE), (IWUE) quality pumpkin different growth stages. A total nine treatments with three levels...

Isatis indigotica is a commercial medicinal crop that widely cultivated with high water and nutrient application, in the arid areas of northwest China. Rational irrigation nitrogen application are key factors for successful management. The objective this study was to determine effect coupling on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality produced northwestern Field trials were conducted 2 consecutive years at an test station. Data parameters, collected from individual each treatment...

In order to optimize the appropriate drought resistance measures in implementation of high-efficiency and intensive production maize seed, 2018 2019, cultivation experiments with different were carried out arid area northwest China, including water retention agent (SA), white plastic film mulch (WF), black (BF), straw (SM), open ground flat seed as control (CK). A total five treatments conducted. Ten specific indicators contained four types attributes, namely yield, quality, use efficiency...

In arid regions, deficit irrigation stands as an efficacious strategy for augmenting agricultural water conservation and fostering sustainable crop production. The Hexi Oasis, zone situated in Northwest China, serves a pivotal area to produce grain cash crops. Nonetheless, due the predominant conditions of low rainfall high evaporation, scarcity has emerged critical constraint affecting growth yield area. order evaluate effects on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality, use...

Deficit irrigation is an effective alternative to traditional irrigation, as it improves crop productivity and conserves water. However, crops may be sensitive deficit irrigation-induced water stress at different periods. To access the effect of on growth, consumption characteristics, yield, quality Isatis indigotica (woad), we performed a three-year (2017-2019) mulched drip field experiment. Woad plants were provided adequate supply seedling stage but subjected mild (65-75% capacity FC),...

Abstract Although genome-wide A-to-I editing mediated by adenosine-deaminase-acting-on-tRNA (ADAT) occurs during sexual reproduction in the presence of stage-specific cofactors, RNA is not known to occur vegetative growth filamentous fungi. Here we identified 33 events hyphae Fusarium graminearum and functionally characterized one conserved hyphal-editing site. Similar ADAT-mediated reproduction, majority sites are coding sequences nonsynonymous, have strong preference for U at -1 position...

Limited water resources and low productivity limit the sustainable development of agriculture in northwest China. In this study, drip irrigation under plastic film was used to achieve an optimal deficit (WDI) scheme for cultivation indigowoad root (Isatis tinctoria L.). Field control experiments were conducted 2016 2017. Evaluation WDI schemes carried out by considering five indices: consumption, yield, use efficiency (WUE), indigo, (R,S)-goitrin. To enhance reliability results, analytic...

To investigate the evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of oasis watermelon under water deficit (WD), mild (60%-70% field capacity, FC)and moderate (50%-60% FC) WD levels were set up at various growth stages watermelon, including seedling stage (SS), vine (VS), flowering fruiting (FS), expansion (ES), maturity (MS), with adequate supply (70%-80% during growing season as a control. A two-year (2020-2021) trial was carried out in Hexi area China to explore effect on characteristics...

Although lack of ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) orthologs, genome-wide A-to-I editing occurs specifically during sexual reproduction in a number filamentous ascomycetes, including Fusarium graminearum and Neurospora crassa . Unlike ADAR-mediated animals, fungal has strong preference for hairpin loops U at −1 position, which leads to frequent UAG UAA stop codons. Majority RNA events fungi are the coding region cause amino acid changes. Some these have been experimentally...

Although regulated deficit irrigation may improve crop yields, little research has been conducted on the effects of water deficits Isatis indigotica, a popular herbal medicine. Field experiments were in 2016 and 2017 to study net photosynthetic rate, yield, use efficiency (WUE), quality I. indigotica northwest China. Plants at vegetative fleshy root growth stages subjected mild, moderate, severe deficits, their physiological indexes, WUE measured. Moderate but not mild deficit, significantly...

To explore the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) and components to surface coverage in wheat fields semi-arid rainfed regions, a two-year field experiment was conducted under three treatments: straw strip mulching (SM), transparent plastic film (PM) no (CK). We researched dynamic feature its at different growth stages winter methods, including microbial biomass (MBC), dissolved (DOC), mineralizable (PCM) easily oxidized (EOC). The results showed that SOC layers decreased with an increase...

To investigate the feasibility of replacing plastic film with straw in semi-arid areas and establishing coordinated cultivation technology for high winter wheat yield efficient resource utilization, a two-year field experiment was conducted under six treatments, specifically CK (no-mulching), S1 (59% area mulched), S2 (50% S3 (42% BM (full-cover transparent mulch), HM black mulch). The effects mulching measures on soil moisture, water consumption characteristics, use efficiency (WUE)...

Background The pervasively imprudent practices of irrigation and nitrogen (N) application within Oasis Cool Irrigation zones have led to significant soil loss a marked decrease in water use efficiency. Methods To address this concern, comprehensive field experiment was conducted from April September 2023 investigate the impact varying degrees fertilization regulation strategies on pivotal parameters including potato yield, quality, balance, water-nitrogen experimental design incorporated two...

Improving resource utilization efficiency is critical for achieving high yields and long-term agricultural development in arid semi-arid settings. Using potato as the research material, a field trial was carried out from 2020 to 2022 dryland areas of China, with two treatments ridge planting furrow mulching straw pattern (SML) flat without (CK). The responses yield, water use (WUE), soil hydrothermal properties cultivation patterns were investigated. results indicated that during...