A5037237315- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Coffee research and impacts
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
Gates Foundation
2021-2025
Gates (United States)
2025
Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
2018-2024
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2018-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2018-2024
Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy
2016-2020
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2018-2020
Health and Human Services Agency
2018-2019
Flowminder Foundation
2018
Harvard University Press
2015
Strategies for containing an emerging infectious disease outbreak must be nonpharmaceutical when drugs or vaccines the pathogen do not yet exist are unavailable. The success of these strategies will depend on only effectiveness isolation measures but also epidemiological characteristics infection. However, there is currently no systematic framework to assess relationship between different containment and natural history dynamics pathogen. Here, we compare quarantine symptom monitoring,...
Travel restrictions were implemented on an unprecedented scale in 2015 Sierra Leone to contain and eliminate Ebola virus disease. However, the impact of epidemic travel mobility itself remains difficult measure with traditional methods. New 'big data' approaches using mobile phone data can provide, near real-time, type information needed guide evaluate control measures. We analysed anonymous call detail records (CDRs) from a leading operator between 20 March 1 July 2015. used anomaly...
To address the evolving risk of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2), Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) partners are working closely with countries to deploy an additional innovative tool for outbreak response – novel oral polio vaccine (nOPV2). The World Health Organization’s (WHO) Prequalification program issued Emergency Use Listing (EUL) recommendation nOPV2 on 13 November 2020. WHO’s EUL procedure was created assess and list unlicensed vaccines, therapeutics...
We report a novel, low-resource malaria diagnostic platform inspired by the coffee ring phenomenon, selective for Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-II (PfHRP-II), biomarker indicative of P. parasite strain. In this design, recombinant HRP-II (rcHRP-II) is sandwiched between 1 μm Ni(II)nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) gold-plated polystyrene microspheres (AuPS) and Ni(II)NTA-functionalized glass. After rcHRP-II biomarkers had reacted with particles, μL volume particle-protein conjugate...
Summary Background Voluntary individual quarantine and voluntary active monitoring of contacts are core disease control strategies for emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. Given the impact on resources liberty, it is vital to assess under what conditions can more effectively COVID-19 than monitoring. As an epidemic grows, also important consider when these interventions no longer feasible, broader mitigation measures must be implemented. Methods To estimate comparative efficacy...
Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable viral disease transmitted by the fecal-oral route. During 2016-2018, County of San Diego investigated an outbreak hepatitis infections primarily among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) to identify risk factors and support control measures. At time outbreak, was not recognized as independent factor for disease.
The 2021 importation of wild poliovirus serotype 1 (WPV1) into Malawi with subsequent international spread represented the first WPV1 cases in Africa since 2016. Preventing importations and is critical dependent on population immunity provided through routine immunisation (RI) supplementary activities (SIAs). We aim to estimate outbreak risk costs, given for non-endemic countries WHO region. developed a stochastic mathematical model polio transmission dynamics evaluate probability an...
Forecasting the spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases during an outbreak is important component epidemic response. However, it remains challenging both methodologically and with respect to data requirements, as disease influenced by numerous factors, including pathogen’s underlying transmission parameters epidemiological dynamics, social networks population connectivity, environmental conditions. Here, using from Sierra Leone, we analyze dynamics recent cholera Ebola outbreaks compare...
Background Oral cholera vaccination is an approach to preventing outbreaks in at-risk settings and controlling endemic settings. However, vaccine-derived herd immunity may be short-lived due interactions between human mobility imperfect or waning vaccine efficacy. As the supply utilization of oral vaccines grows, critical questions related are emerging, including: who should targeted; when revaccination performed; why have occurred recently vaccinated populations? Methods findings We use...
Abstract Introduction The use of electronic vaping products (EVPs) containing nicotine, marijuana, and/or other substances remains prominent among youth; with EVPs nicotine being the most commonly used tobacco product youth since 2014. However, a detailed understanding chemical composition these is limited. Aims and Methods From February 25th to March 15th, 2019, total 576 EVPs, including 233 e-cigarette devices (with 43 disposable vape pens) 343 e-liquid cartridges/pods/bottled e-liquids,...
Background/Objectives: Although wild poliovirus type 2 has been eradicated, the prolonged transmission of live- attenuated virus contained in type-2 oral polio vaccine (OPV2) under-immunized populations led to emergence circulating vaccine-derived (cVDPV2). The novel OPV2 (nOPV2) was designed be more genetically stable and reduce chance cVDPV2 while retaining comparable immunogenicity Sabin monovalent (mOPV2). This study aimed estimate relative reduction risk due use nOPV2 instead mOPV2....
### Summary box Infectious diseases place an unacceptable and disproportionate social economic burden on low-income countries. National disease control programmes have the difficult task of allocating limited budgets for interventions across regions their countries, based often disparate datasets varying quality from a range sources including clinics, hospitals, village health workers, private sector non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Every stage data collection analysis pipeline...
During September 29-October 6, 2017, the County of San Diego Public Health Services (COSD) was notified two patients with suspected wound botulism and a history using black tar heroin. On October 9, COSD, which had reported an average one case per year during 2001-2016, sent health alert through California Alert Network, notifying Southern providers these patients, including their signs symptoms heroin exposure. In collaboration Department Health, COSD conducted investigation to identify...
In addition to being effective, fast-acting, and well tolerated, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are able kill certain transmission stages of the malaria parasite. However, population-level impacts ACTs on reducing have been difficult assess. this study history control in Vietnam, we assemble annual reporting case counts, coverage with insecticide-treated nets (ITN) indoor residual spraying (IRS), drug purchases by provincial programs from 1991 2010 Vietnam's 20 southern...
Background The ongoing yellow fever (YF) epidemic in Angola strains the global vaccine supply, prompting WHO to adopt dose sparing for its vaccination campaign Kinshasa July-August 2016. Although a 5-fold fractional-dose is similar standard-dose safety and immunogenicity, efficacy untested. There an urgent need ensure robustness of by elucidating conditions under which fractionation would reduce transmission. Methods We estimate effective reproductive number YF using disease natural history...
Despite recommendations, most U.S.-bound Congolese refugees with splenomegaly did not have documented receipt of primaquine after resettlement. Most patients were clustered within families. Approximately 50% available medical records had persistent >6 months arrival; 63% a hematologic abnormality.
Abstract Background/Objectives Although wild poliovirus type 2 has been eradicated, prolonged transmission of the live-attenuated virus contained in type-2 oral polio vaccine (OPV2) under-immunized populations led to emergence circulating derived (cVDPV2). The novel OPV2 (nOPV2) was designed be more genetically stable and reduce chance cVDPV2 while retaining comparable immunogenicity Sabin monovalent (mOPV2). This study aims estimate relative reduction risk due use nOPV2 instead mOPV2....
ABSTRACT Strategies for containing an emerging infectious disease outbreak must be non-pharmaceutical when drugs or vaccines the pathogen do not yet exist are unavailable. The success of these strategies will depend only on effectiveness quarantine other isolation measures but also epidemiological characteristics infection. However, there is currently no systematic framework to assess relationship between different containment and natural history dynamics pathogen. Here, we compare symptom...