A5019404393- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Actinomycetales infections and treatment
- Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Travel-related health issues
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Head and Neck Anomalies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2018-2025
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2018-2023
Dermatology Specialists
2022
AID Atlanta
2022
Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
2022
The Centers
2021
American Medical Association
2021
Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
2020
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2018
University of Kentucky
2016-2017
HEPATITIS A IS VACCINE-PREVENTABLE, COMMUNICABLE DISEASE OF THE LIVER CAUSED BY VIRUS (HAV). INFECTION TRANSMITTED VIA FECAL-ORAL ROUTE, USUALLY FROM DIRECT PERSON-TO-PERSON CONTACT OR CONSUMPTION CONTAMINATED FOOD WATER. AN ACUTE, SELF-LIMITED THAT DOES NOT RESULT IN CHRONIC INFECTION. HAV ANTIBODIES (IMMUNOGLOBULIN G [IGG] ANTI-HAV) PRODUCED RESPONSE TO PERSIST FOR LIFE AND PROTECT AGAINST REINFECTION; IGG ANTI-HAV AFTER VACCINATION CONFER LONG-TERM IMMUNITY. THIS REPORT SUPPLANTS...
IMPORTANCEInfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, incidence has increased rapidly recent years, likely owing to injection drug use.Current estimates prevalence at state level are needed guide prevention care efforts but not available through existing disease surveillance systems.OBJECTIVE To estimate current HCV infection among adults each US District Columbia during years 2013 2016.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This survey...
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. Although treatment is not considered curative, antiviral treatment, monitoring, liver cancer surveillance reduce Effective vaccines prevent are available. This report updates expands CDC's previously published Recommendations for Identification Public Health Management of Persons with Hepatitis Virus Infection (MMWR Recomm Rep 2008;57[No. RR-8]) regarding screening HBV in the United States. New...
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is primarily transmitted fecal-orally after close contact with an infected person (1); it the most common cause of viral hepatitis worldwide, typically causing acute and self-limited symptoms, although rarely liver failure death can occur (1). Rates had declined by approximately 95% during 1996-2011; however, 2016-2018, CDC received 15,000 reports HAV infections from U.S. states territories, indicating a recent increase in transmission (2,3). Since 2017, vast majority...
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) underestimates the true prevalence of HCV infection. By accounting for populations inadequately represented in NHANES, we created 2 models to estimate national hepatitis C among US adults during 2017-2020.
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with hepatitis A (HepA) vaccine or immune globulin (IG) effectively prevents infection virus (HAV) when administered within 2 weeks of exposure.Preexposure against HAV through the administration HepA IG provides protection for unvaccinated persons traveling to working in countries that have high intermediate endemicity.The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Hepatitis Vaccines Work Group conducted a systematic review evidence administering PEP...
In November 2021, CDC was notified of a cluster previously healthy children with hepatitis unknown etiology evaluated at single U.S. hospital (1). On April 21, 2022, following an investigation this and reports similar cases in Europe (2,3), health advisory* issued requesting providers to report pediatric cases† public authorities. the United States Europe, many these patients have also received positive adenovirus test results (1,3). Typed specimens indicated type 41, which typically causes...
Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable viral disease transmitted by the fecal-oral route. During 2016-2018, County of San Diego investigated an outbreak hepatitis infections primarily among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) to identify risk factors and support control measures. At time outbreak, was not recognized as independent factor for disease.
Abstract Background Since 2016, the United States has experienced person-to-person hepatitis A outbreaks unprecedented in vaccine era. The proportion of cases hospitalized these exceeds historical national surveillance data. Methods We described epidemiology, characterized reported increased morbidity, and identified factors associated with hospitalization during by reviewing a 10% random sample outbreak-associated Kentucky, Michigan, West Virginia—3 heavily affected states. calculated...
Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease typically acquired through fecal-oral transmission. virus (HAV) infection rates in the United States declined approximately 97% during 1995-2015 after introduction and widespread pediatric use of hepatitis vaccines (1). Since 2016, outbreaks have been reported 37 states, involving 44,650 cases, 27,250 hospitalizations, 415 deaths as September 23, 2022 (2). report describing early four states 2017 noted that most infections occurred among persons...
Foodborne hepatitis A illnesses and outbreaks have been associated with consumption of ready-to-eat foods contaminated the feces person(s) shedding virus (HAV). Outbreaks linked to fresh frozen produce imported from countries where HAV is endemic, hygiene sanitation are inadequate, or food safety standards lacking unenforced. In 2022 2023, federal, state, international partners investigated two multijurisdictional infections involving same genotype IA strain organic strawberries sourced a...
Abstract During the summer of 2016, Hawaii Department Health responded to second-largest domestic foodborne hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreak in post-vaccine era. The epidemiological investigation included case finding and investigation, sequencing RNA positive clinical specimens, product trace-back virologic testing HAV from product. Additionally, an online survey open all residents was conducted estimate baseline commercial food consumption. We identified 292 confirmed cases, whom 11 (4%)...
During 1995-2011, the overall incidence of hepatitis A decreased by 95% in United States from 12 cases per 100,000 population during 1995 to 0.4 2011, and then plateaued 2012-2015.The increased 294% 2016-2018 compared with 2013-2015, most occurring among populations at high risk for infection, including persons who use illicit drugs (injection noninjection), experience homelessness, men have sex (MSM) (1-3).Previous outbreaks MSM led recommendations issued 1996 Advisory Committee on...
Hepatitis A is acquired through the fecal-oral route and preventable by a safe effective vaccine. Although hepatitis generally mild self-limited, serious complications, including death, can occur. Since 2016, widespread outbreaks have been reported in 37 U.S. states, primarily among persons who use drugs those experiencing homelessness. Nearly twice as many A-related deaths were during 2016-2022 compared with 2009-2015. CDC analyzed data from 27 outbreak-affected states* that contributed...
The United States is in the midst of unprecedented person-to-person hepatitis A outbreaks. By using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project data, we estimated average costs per A-related hospitalization 2017. These estimates can guide investment outbreak prevention efforts to stop spread this vaccine-preventable disease.
Abstract Background Hospitalization burden related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is substantial. We sought describe temporal trends in hospitalization rates before and after release of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents. Methods analyzed 2000–2019 data from adults aged ≥18 years the National Inpatient Sample. Hospitalizations were HCV-related if (1) was primary diagnosis, or (2) any secondary diagnosis with a liver-related diagnosis. characteristics hospitalizations nationally...
Objectives: The incidence of hepatitis A declined in the United States following introduction vaccines, before increasing setting recent widespread outbreaks associated with person-to-person transmission. We describe epidemiology States, identify susceptible populations over time, and demonstrate need for improved vaccination coverage, especially among adults at increased risk A. Methods: calculated rates sociodemographic characteristics percentages factors clinical outcomes cases reported...
During 2016-2020, the United States experienced person-to-person hepatitis A outbreaks that are unprecedented in vaccine era, during which case-fatality ratios reported by some jurisdictions exceeded those historically associated with A.
ABSTRACT Hepatitis A is a vaccine‐preventable disease that typically causes mild illness. outbreaks associated with person‐to‐person transmission have been widespread in the United States since 2016. We used public‐use US Multiple Cause of Death data to compare characteristics and listed comorbidities among decedents hepatitis A‐listed deaths during non‐outbreak (2011–2015) outbreak (2017–2021) periods assessed median age at death without period. From period period, more than doubled (from...
This hepatitis E outbreak has developed into Namibia's first reported nationwide and is a protracted event occurring mainly in informal settlements with poor water, sanitation, hygiene conditions.