Rachel M. Burke
A5076016536- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Respiratory viral infections research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Gates Foundation
2024-2025
Spartanburg Regional Medical Center
2023-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2024
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2017-2023
Eastern Virginia Medical School
2023
Government of the United States of America
2023
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
2022
Cherokee Nation
2022
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
2022
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
2022
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first detected in China December, 2019. In January, 2020, state, local, and federal public health agencies investigated the case of COVID-19 Illinois, USA.Patients with confirmed were defined as those positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Contacts people exposure to patient on or after patient's symptom onset date. underwent active monitoring for 14 days following their last exposure. who...
In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, began in Wuhan, China (1). The spread widely China, and, as February 26, 2020, COVID-19 cases had been identified 36 other countries and territories, including United States. Person-to-person transmission has documented, a limited number have reported sustained person-to-person spread.* On January 20, state local health departments States, collaboration with teams deployed from CDC,...
On December 31, 2019, Chinese health officials reported a cluster of cases acute respiratory illness in persons associated with the Hunan seafood and animal market city Wuhan, Hubei Province, central China. January 7, 2020, confirmed that novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was this initial (1). As February 4, total 20,471 cases, including 2,788 (13.6%) severe illness,* 425 deaths (2.1%) had been by National Health Commission China (2). Cases have also 26 locations outside mainland China,...
Case Investigation Form Working GroupCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first detected in the United States January 2020 (1), and by mid-July, approximately 3.4 million cases had been reported (2).Information about symptoms among U.S. COVID-19 patients is limited, especially nonhospitalized patients.To better understand symptom profiles of with laboratory-confirmed States, CDC used an optional questionnaire to collect detailed information on a convenience sample from participating...
In the USA, COVID-19 vaccines became available in mid-December, 2020, with adults aged 65 years and older among first groups prioritised for vaccination. We estimated national-level impact of initial phases US vaccination programme on cases, emergency department visits, hospital admissions, deaths older.We analysed population-based data reported to federal agencies 50 during period Nov 1, April 10, 2021. calculated relative change incidence age compared a younger reference group...
Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. Clarifying viral, host, and environmental factors (epidemiologic triad) associated with severe outcomes can help target public health interventions. Acute norovirus reported to National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) in 2009–2016 were linked laboratory-confirmed CaliciNet. Outbreaks analyzed for differences genotype (GII.4 vs non-GII.4), hospitalization, mortality rates by timing, setting, transmission mode,...
Noroviruses evolve by antigenic drift and recombination, which occurs most frequently at the junction between non-structural structural protein coding genomic regions. In 2015, a novel GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney recombinant strain emerged, replacing predominance of GII.Pe-GII.4 among US outbreaks. Distinct from GII.P16 polymerases detected since 2010, this was subsequently GII.1, GII.2, GII.3, GII.10 GII.12 viruses, prompting an investigation on unique characteristics these viruses. Norovirus...
Abstract Background Up-to-date estimates of the burden norovirus, a leading cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in United States, are needed to assess potential value norovirus vaccines development. We aimed estimate rates, annual counts, and healthcare charges norovirus-associated ambulatory clinic encounters, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, deaths States. Methods analyzed administrative data on AGE outcomes from 1 July 2001 through 30 June 2015. Data were sourced IBM...
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) causes a substantial burden in the United States, but its etiology frequently remains undetermined. Active surveillance within an integrated healthcare delivery system was used to estimate prevalence and incidence of medically attended norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus.Active conducted among all enrolled members Kaiser Permanente Northwest during July 2014-June 2016. An age-stratified, representative sample AGE-associated medical encounters were...
In November 2021, CDC was notified of a cluster previously healthy children with hepatitis unknown etiology evaluated at single U.S. hospital (1). On April 21, 2022, following an investigation this and reports similar cases in Europe (2,3), health advisory* issued requesting providers to report pediatric cases† public authorities. the United States Europe, many these patients have also received positive adenovirus test results (1,3). Typed specimens indicated type 41, which typically causes...
A major polymorphism in the fucosyltransferase2 (FUT2) gene influences risk of multiple gut diseases, but its impact on microbiome breastfed infants was unknown. In individuals with an active FUT2 enzyme (“secretors”), intestinal mucosa is abundantly fucosylated, providing mutualist bacteria a rich endogenous source fucose. Non-secretors comprise approximately one-fifth population, and they lack ability to create this enzyme. Similarly, maternal secretor status abundance breastfeeding...
Reaching young adults with health messages has been a documented challenge in public health. Public researchers have initiated studies to assess how social media are changing communication. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched media-based education initiatives on Facebook increase knowledge of breast cancer among women under age 45 those at higher risk developing disease. The current study used digital analytics metrics describe impact these efforts...
On April 21, 2022, CDC issued a health advisory† encouraging U.S. clinicians to report all patients aged <10 years with hepatitis of unknown etiology public authorities, after identification similar cases in both the United States (1) and Europe.§ A high proportion initially reported had adenovirus detected whole blood specimens, thus advisory encouraged consider requesting testing, preferentially on specimens. For meeting criteria (patients under investigation [PUIs]), jurisdictional...
Over the past 30 years, obesity in United States has increased twofold children and threefold adolescents. In Georgia, nearly 17% of aged 10 – 17 are obese. response to high prevalence child Georgia potential deleterious consequences that this can have, HealthMPowers was founded 1999 with goal preventing childhood by improving health-enhancing behaviors elementary schools, utilizing a holistic three-year program. This study measures effectiveness program school environment, student...
Abstract Knowledge of the epidemiology sporadic acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in United States is limited. During September 2016–September 2017, we surveyed Kaiser Permanente Northwest members Oregon and Washington, USA, to collect data on 30-day prevalence dually defined AGE diarrhea disease related health-seeking behavior; from a subset participants, obtained stool specimen. Using iterative proportional fitting algorithm with raked weights, generated annualized rate estimates. We detected...
During the outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) disease in Puerto Rico 2016, nonpregnant women aged 20–39 years were disproportionately identified with ZIKV disease. We used household-based cluster investigations to determine whether this disparity was associated age- or sex-dependent differences rate infection reported symptoms. Participation offered residents households within a 100-m radius residences convenience sample 19 laboratory-confirmed cases. Participants answered questionnaire and...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the respiratory caused by severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first identified in Wuhan, China and has since become pandemic. In response to cases United States, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 were investigated enable early identification isolation additional learn more about risk factors for transmission. Close nine travel-related States monitored daily development symptoms (active monitoring). Selected (including those with...
Abstract Background Respiratory viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization in young children. Nevertheless, the population burden respiratory infections, especially asymptomatic cases, is not known due to lack prospective community-based cohort studies with intensive monitoring. Methods To address this gap, we enacted PREVAIL cohort, Centers for Disease Control Prevention–sponsored birth Cincinnati, Ohio, where children were followed from 0 2 years age. Weekly text...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Despite the high incidence of blunt trauma in older adults, there is a lack evidence-based guidance for computed tomography (CT) imaging this population. We aimed to identify an algorithm guide use Pan-Scan (Head/C-spine/Torso) or Selective Scan (Head/C-spine ± Torso). hypothesized that patient’s initial history and exam could be used imaging. METHODS prospectively studied patients aged 65+ at 18 Level I/II centers. Patients presenting >24 h after injury who died upon...