Background: Orthopedic injuries occurring in Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring (OIF/OEF) are complicated by infections with multidrug resistant bacteria. We describe demographics microbiology of OIF/OEF casualties primary recurrent osteomyelitis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed admitted to our facility from February 1, 2003 August 31, 2006. Electronic records were queried for demographic information, bacteria recovered, antibiotic therapies duration, site...

Trauma to the extremities is disproportionately represented in casualties of recent conflicts, accounting for >50% injuries sustained during operations Iraq and Afghanistan. Infectious complications have been reported >25% those evacuated trauma, 50% such patients were treated intensive care unit (ICU). Osteomyelitis has 9% (14% patients), deep-wound infection 27% type III open-tibia fractures. Infections complicating extremity trauma are frequently caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria...

Despite the innumerable variations in war-making throughout millennia, wounds have always been characterized by devitalized tissue, presence of foreign bodies, clots, fluid collection, and contamination microorganisms. Even postantibiotic era, infections these remain a significant contributor to both morbidity mortality. Shifts causal organisms their resistance profiles continue challenge each new generation therapeutics. This article reviews history war wound infections, with an emphasis on...

The predominant bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibilities were surveyed from a deployed, military, tertiary care facility in Baghdad, Iraq, serving U.S. troops, coalition forces, Iraqis, August 2003 through July 2004. We included cultures of blood, wounds, sputum, urine, for total 908 cultures; 176 these obtained troops. most commonly isolated troops coagulase-negative staphylococci, accounting 34% isolates, Staphylococcus aureus (26%), streptococcal species (11%). 732 the predominantly...

Infections are a common acute and chronic complication of combat-related injuries; however, no systematic attempt to assess infections associated with US injuries occurring in Iraq Afghanistan has been conducted. The Joint Theater Trauma Registry (JTTR) established collect injury specific medical data from casualties Afghanistan.We reviewed the JTTR for identification infectious complications (IC) using International Classification Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) coding during two phases...

U.S. combat casualties from Iraq and Afghanistan continue to develop infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study assesses the infection control database clinical microbiology antibiograms at a single site 2005 2007, period when all Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)/Operation Enduring (OEF) admitted facility underwent initial isolation screening for MDR pathogens. During this 3-year period, there were 2,242 OIF/OEF admissions: 560 in 2005, 724 2006, 958 2007. The most commonly...

Severe burn injury is accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response, making traditional indicators of sepsis both insensitive and nonspecific. To address this, the American Burn Association (ABA) published diagnostic criteria in 2007 to standardize definition these patients. These include temperature (>39°C or <36°C), progressive tachycardia (>110 beats per minute), tachypnea (>25 breaths minute not ventilated ventilation >12 L/minute ventilated), thrombocytopenia (<100,000/μl; applied...

Blyth, Dana M. MD; Yun, Heather C. Tribble, David R. MD, DrPH; Murray, Clinton K. MD Author Information

There is limited information on compliance rates with anti-vectorial protective measures (AVPMs) during travel to countries risk of dengue and chikungunya. We evaluated differences in mosquito exposures, factors associated AVPM travellers going where the principal mosquito-borne infectious disease threat falciparum malaria those or chikungunya predominates.Department Defence beneficiaries planned regions predominant infection malaria, predominantly risk, were included. Regions divided into...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality since it was first described December (1). Based on epidemiologic data showing spread congregate settings (2-4), national, state, local governments instituted significant restrictions large gatherings to prevent transmission of early March 2020. This other nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have shown initial success slowing the across country (5). report examines 7 weeks (March 1-April...

Abstract Background First time blood donors at the Armed Service Blood Bank-San Antonio are screened for Trypanosoma cruzi infection with a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) followed by confirmatory enzyme strip assay (ESA). In military populations, T. positivity on screening test accounts fourth most common reason post-donation deferral. With concerns low positive predictive value in prevalence disease, this study evaluated clinical outcomes and diagnostic work-up of who...

Abstract Background To minimize the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI), all prospective blood donors are required to undergo extensive screening via questionnaire and physical exam. Donors who report behaviors or conditions that may increase TTIs temporarily deferred from donating. In recent years, significant changes deferral policy have been instituted expand donor eligibility pool mitigate supply crisis. this study, we evaluate impact deferring at increased TTI on future...

Abstract Background A high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) exists among trainees entering United States Air Force Basic Military Training (BMT). While women training are universally screened for STIs, men, who account the majority trainees, rarely tested. The rates testing symptomatic men present with dysuria during BMT unknown. Furthermore, follow-up male service members Demographics 82 diagnosed or urinary tract infection BMT, 2019-2023 Methods All basic received a...

Abstract Background While the overall rates of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in military populations are low, positive post-donation screening represents second most common indication for infectious deferrals blood donors. All donors who screen permanently deferred from donation, regardless follow-up testing clinical laboratories. There is limited data on evaluation these This study describes confirmatory testing, access to appropriate subspecialty care, and treatment screened HCV at a large bank....

Infections with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus complex bacteria complicate the care of U.S. military personnel and civilians worldwide. One hundred thirty-three isolates from 89 patients at our facility during 2006 2007 were tested by disk diffusion, Etest, broth microdilution for susceptibility to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline. Minocycline was most active in vitro, 90% susceptible. Susceptibilities varied significantly testing...

<h3>Importance</h3> Owing to concerns of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, many congregate settings are forced close when cases detected because there few data on the risk different markers transmission within groups. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether symptoms and laboratory results first day COVID-19 diagnosis associated with development a case cluster in setting. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This cohort study trainees from May 11 through August 24, 2020, was...

Given the changing epidemiology of infecting pathogens in combat casualties, we evaluated bacteria and fungi acute traumatic wounds from Afghanistan. From January 2013 to February 2014, 14 mangled lower extremities 10 explosive-device injured casualties were swabbed for culture at Role 3 facilities. Bacteria recovered all patients on date injury. Pathogens during routine patient care recorded. The median injury severity score was 29, initial 3/4 blood product support 32 units, evacuation...

Objective. To determine whether multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative organisms are present in Afghanistan or Iraq soil samples, contaminate standard deployed hospital modular operating rooms (ORs), aerosolize during surgical procedures. Design. Active surveillance. Setting. US military hospitals the United States, Afghanistan, and Iraq. Methods. Soil samples were collected from sites throughout analyzed for presence of MDR bacteria. Environmental sampling selected newly established OR...

Travelers are at risk for arbovirus infection. We prospectively enrolled 267 Department of Defense beneficiaries traveling to chikungunya-outbreak regions in the Americas between December 2013 and May 2015 assessed travel characteristics serologic exposure chikungunya virus (CHIKV) dengue (DENV). Ten ill-returning travelers were also retrospectively. Self-reported mosquito was common (64% 198 evaluable saw mosquitoes; 53% 201 reported ≥ 1 bite). Increased associated with active-duty (odds...

On July 7, 2015, a man aged 22 years reported to sick call during basic military training at Lackland Air Force Base (AFB), Texas. He had erythematous, crusted papulovesicular lesions on the extensor surfaces of upper and lower extremities. The patient was afebrile otherwise well, evaluated later that day by dermatology service. A viral infection considered most likely because patient's age, absence fever or constitutional symptoms, distribution morphology lesions. initial differential...