A5087087358- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Digestive system and related health
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Animal health and immunology
- Child Therapy and Development
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Connexins and lens biology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
Brooke Army Medical Center
2023-2025
Purdue University West Lafayette
2016-2025
Joint Base San Antonio
2020-2024
Alexander T. Augusta Military Medical Center
2023
Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center
2023
Women's and Children's Hospital
2003-2022
59th Medical Wing
2021
Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital
2020
Michigan State University
2007-2010
University of Vermont
1995-2008
To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The contains a minimum 22,000 genes, with core set 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions chromosomes have higher density segmental duplications, enrichment repetitive elements, species-specific variations genes associated lactation immune...
The newly assembled Bos taurus genome sequence enables the linkage of bovine milk and lactation data with other mammalian genomes.Using publicly available proteome mammary expressed tags, 197 protein genes over 6,000 were identified in genome. Intersection these 238 production quantitative trait loci curated from literature decreased search space for effectors by more than an order magnitude. Genome location analysis revealed a tendency to be clustered genes. Using genomes monotreme...
Lactation persistency and milk production are among the most economically important traits in dairy industry. In this study, we explored association of over 6.1 million imputed whole-genome sequence variants with lactation (LP), yield (MILK), fat (FAT), percentage (FAT%), protein (PROT), (PROT%) North American Holstein cattle. We identified 49, 3991, 2607, 4459, 805, 5519 SNPs significantly associated LP, MILK, FAT, FAT%, PROT, PROT%, respectively. Various known associations were confirmed...
In its COVID-19 Statement of April 2020, the UN Committee on Rights Child recommended that States Parties explore alternative and creative solutions for children to enjoy their rights rest, leisure, recreation, cultural artistic activities – rights, which along with right play, are encompassed in Article 31 Convention (UNCRC). This paper reflects play times crisis, giving particular focus experiences during pandemic. Three narratives crisis introduced crisis; threat as a remedy crisis....
Circadian, metabolic, and reproductive systems are inter-regulated. Excessive fatness circadian disruption alter normal physiology the endocrine milieu, including cortisol, primary stress hormone. Our aim was to determine effect feeding a high fat diet female ICR mice had on diurnal pattern, weight gain, body composition, hair corticosterone levels patterns of fecal corticosterone. Prepubertal (~35d age) were assigned control (CON; 10% fat) or (HF; 60% fed for 4 wk achieve obesity under 12h...
Abstract Recent studies have highlighted the importance of maternal nutrition during gestation and lactation in modulating gastrointestinal development health offspring. Therefore, objective this study was to determine effects live yeast (LY) supplementation sows late throughout on markers gut piglets prior weaning immediately postweaning. On day 77 gestation, forty were allotted based parity expected farrowing dates two dietary treatments: without (CON) or with at 0.05% 0.1% diet lactation,...
Periparturient dairy cattle undergo physiological adaptations to support fetal growth and colostrum synthesis in late gestation milk production early lactation. To energy protein demands mobilize body tissue reserves. The objective of this study was determine the effects prepartum skeletal muscle reserves supplementation branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) on composition measurements, metabolic markers related health, protein, status, subsequent yield multiparous cows. Skeletal were...
Abstract Background First time blood donors at the Armed Service Blood Bank-San Antonio are screened for Trypanosoma cruzi infection with a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) followed by confirmatory enzyme strip assay (ESA). In military populations, T. positivity on screening test accounts fourth most common reason post-donation deferral. With concerns low positive predictive value in prevalence disease, this study evaluated clinical outcomes and diagnostic work-up of who...
Abstract Background All females trainees entering the U.S. Air Force basic military training (BMT) are tested for chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (GC) account vast majority of cases in this population. Recent studies have demonstrated that, when universally tested, BMT males had similar overall rates CT GC as compared to females, most asymptomatic. This study evaluates incidence male follow-up. Methods Over 30,000 recruits train at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland each year. included all who...
Abstract Background While the overall rates of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in military populations are low, positive post-donation screening represents second most common indication for infectious deferrals blood donors. All donors who screen permanently deferred from donation, regardless follow-up testing clinical laboratories. There is limited data on evaluation these This study describes confirmatory testing, access to appropriate subspecialty care, and treatment screened HCV at a large bank....
Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate, a TCA cycle intermediate and gluconeogenic substrate. Altering saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio alters PC expression, suggesting central role in mediating carbon flow through metabolic pathways. Herein, we describe changes flux intermediates proteome Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells with expression knocked-down (PC-KD), overexpressed (PC-OE), unaltered using Scramble control, or pretreated for 21 h vehicle...
Dairy cattle mobilize skeletal muscle in the periparturient period to close energy and metabolizable protein gaps due high demands of growing fetus milk production. The objective this study was determine if amount dam prepartum reserves branched-chain VFA (BCVFA) supplementation affected calf birth weight, circulating AA, semitendinosus metabolic activity, colostrum composition. We hypothesized that calves born dams with higher supplemented BCVFA would be heavier, have greater mass as...
Animal behaviors are key signs of animals’ stress, disease, and overall well-being. This study was conducted in an experimental farrowing building using eighteen sow pens: nine exposed to natural heat stress under summer indoor temperatures receiving cooling treatments via innovative pads. Sow piglet were recorded ethogram through direct visual observation every 5 min for 48 h. Passive infrared detectors used continuous pig behavior monitoring sec. Zmodo wireless cameras video validate...
This study’s objective was to determine the effects of pre-pregnancy obesity induced by a high-fat diet and exposure circadian-disrupting light-dark phase shifts on birth littler size, pup survival 24h growth lactation day 12, their relationship maternal feeding patterns, fecal corticosterone levels, milk composition, lipid profiles liver, plasma, mammary gland, milk. A 2 factorial designed experiment female ICR mice assigned control (CON; 10% fat) or (HF; 60% either 12-hour (LD) cycle...
Circadian clocks regulate homeostasis and mediate responses to stressors. Lactation is one of the most energetically demanding periods an adult female's life. Peripartum changes occur in almost every organ so dam can support neonatal growth through milk production while maintained. How circadian are involved adaptation lactation currently unknown. The abundance temporal pattern core clock genes' expression were measured suprachiasmatic nucleus, liver, mammary from late pregnant early mice....
High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring. We hypothesized that HFD affects microRNA (miRNA) mRNA content, which potentially impact offspring development. Our objective was to determine effect maternal on secreted transcriptome. To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control containing 10% kcal fat 60% fat. After CD or HFD, bred while continuously fed same...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality since it was first described December (1). Based on epidemiologic data showing spread congregate settings (2-4), national, state, local governments instituted significant restrictions large gatherings to prevent transmission of early March 2020. This other nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have shown initial success slowing the across country (5). report examines 7 weeks (March 1-April...
At the end of 1994 New South Wales Department Health identified need for a specialized unit people with brain injury who exhibited aggressive and violent behaviour at such level that they could not be cared in standard rehabilitation programmes were mentally ill as defined by Mental Act. An interim based on principles neurobehavioural was opened grounds Lidcombe Hospital, January 1995 first patient SA admitted. Following intervention weekly aggression decreased from peak 159 incidents to...
Environmental variables such as photoperiod, heat, stress, nutrition and other external factors have profound effects on quality quantity of a dairy cow's milk. The way in which the environment interacts with genotype to impact milk production is unknown; however, evidence from our laboratory suggests that circadian clocks play role. Daily seasonal endocrine rhythms are coordinated mammals by master clock hypothalamus. Peripheral distributed every organ signals clock. We others shown there...