A5031374703- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Genital Health and Disease
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Global Health and Surgery
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
Rakai Health Sciences Program
2016-2024
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2022-2023
Johns Hopkins University
2018-2023
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15–24 years. As new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance of 38,749 participants the Rakai Community Cohort Study longitudinal deep-sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how population groups driving transmission have changed from 2003 2018 Uganda. We observed 1,117...
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15-24 years. As new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance of 38,749 participants the Rakai Community Cohort Study longitudinal deep sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how population groups driving transmission have changed from 2003 2018 Uganda. We observed 1,117...
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15-24 years, but as new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance longitudinal deep- sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how the population groups driving transmission have evolved over a 15-year period from 2003 2018 Uganda. suppression increased more rapidly than men,...
Free VMMC services have been available in Uganda since 2010. However, uptake Northern remains disproportionately low. We aimed to determine if this is due men's insufficient knowledge on VMMC, and women's has any association with status of their male sexual partners. In cross sectional study, participants were asked circumcision (or that partner for female respondents) presented 14 questions benefits, procedure, risk, misconceptions. Chi square tests or fisher exact used compare prevalence...
Objectives To assess the safety and acceptability of early infant circumcision ( EIC ) provided by trained clinical officers CO s) registered nurse midwives RNMW in rural Uganda. Subjects Methods We conducted a randomised trial using Mogen clamp newly s four health centres Rakai, The was with clinicaltrials.gov # NCT 02596282. In all, 501 healthy neonates aged 1–28 days normal birth weight gestational age were to n = 256) 245) for , followed‐up at 1, 7 28 days. Results 701 mothers directly...
Globally, key subpopulations such as healthcare workers (HCW) may have a higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. In Uganda, limited access to Personal Protective Equipment and lack clarity on the extent/pattern community spread exacerbate this situation. The country established infection prevention/control measures lockdowns proper hand hygiene. However, due resource limitations fatigue, compliance is low, posing continued onward transmission risk. This study aimed describe extent SARS-CoV-2...
Objective: To determine whether circumcision of HIV-positive men is associated with increased subsequent sexual risk behaviors which may place their female partners at risk.Methods: Newly circumcised and uncircumcised in the Rakai Community Cohort Study were followed from baseline (July 2013–January 2015) to trend association follow up (February 2015–September 2016). Risk included activity, alcohol before sex, transactional multiple sex partners, casual inconsistent condom use partners. The...
Objective To assess acquisition of knowledge and competence in performing Early Infant Male Circumcision (EIMC) by non‐physicians trained using a structured curriculum. Subjects Methods Training provision EIMC the Mogen clamp was conducted for 10 Clinical Officers ( CO s) Registered Nurse Midwives RNMW s), Rakai, Uganda. Healthy infants whose mothers consented to study participation were assigned trainees, each whom performed at least s. Ongoing assessment feedback competency done, safety...
Point of care rapid recency testing for HIV-1 may be a cost-effective tool to identify recently infected individuals incidence estimation, and focused HIV prevention through intensified contact tracing. We validated the Asante™ recency® assay use in Uganda. Archived specimens (serum/plasma), collected from longitudinally observed long-term participants, were tested with Asante per manufacturer's instructions. Previously identified antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive samples known...
Women's support can improve uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC). We assessed the level women's for VMMC and associated factors in fishing settlements on shores Lake Victoria Uganda, to inform interventions aimed at increasing safe services such high-risk populations.We conducted a cross-sectional study, employing mixed methods data collection, Kasenyi Kigungu landing sites April 2018. included women aged 18-49 years, who had stayed ≥3 months. obtained qualitative using focus...
Longitudinal population-based cohort studies can provide critical insights on temporal, spatial and sociodemographic changes in health status determinants that are not obtained by other study designs. However, establishing maintaining such a be challenging expensive. Here, we describe the role of Makerere University development conduct cohort. We chronicle first academia-led reports HIV East Africa; how this led to initiation Rakai Community Cohort Study 1988, oldest sub-Saharan its impact...
Abstract Introduction Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces the risk of heterosexual acquisition HIV by 50%–60%. The Uganda Ministry Health recommends abstinence for 42 days after VMMC to allow complete wound healing. However, some men resume sex early before recommended period. We estimated trends in prevalence and factors resumption (ESR) among clients Rakai, Uganda, from 2013-2020. Methods Data Rakai Community Cohort Study, a cross-sectional study were analyzed. included...
Timing of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reservoir formation is important for informing HIV cure efforts. It unclear how much the variability seen in dating due to sampling and gene-specific differences. We used a Bayesian extension root tip regression (bayroot) reestimate date distributions participants from Swedish South African cohorts, assessed impact variable timing, frequency, depth on these estimates. Significant shifts were only observed with use faster-evolving genes, while...
Introduction Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces the risk of heterosexual acquisition HIV by 50%–60%. The Uganda Ministry Health recommends abstinence sex for 42 days after VMMC to allow complete wound healing. However, some men resume early before recommended period. We estimated trends in prevalence and factors resumption (ESR) among clients Rakai, Uganda, from 2013–2020. Methods Data Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), a cross-sectional study, were analyzed. included...
The objective of this study is to determine the optimal timing for device-based infant circumcision under topical anaesthesia.
Abstract The timing of the establishment HIV latent viral reservoir (LVR) is particular interest, as there evidence that proviruses are preferentially archived at time antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Quantitative outgrowth assays (QVOAs) were performed using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) collected from Ugandans living with who virally suppressed on ART for >1 year, had known seroconversion windows, and least two ART-naïve plasma samples. QVOA populations pre-ART...
Abstract Background Clinical studies have reported rising pre-treatment HIV drug resistance during antiretroviral treatment (ART) scale-up in Africa, but representative data are limited. We estimated population-level trends ART expansion Uganda Methods analyzed from the population-based open Rakai Community Cohort Study conducted at agrarian, trading, and fishing communities southern between 2012 2019. Consenting participants aged 15-49 were tested completed questionnaires. Persons living...
Background: Health infodemic undermines public health response, results in poor observance of measures and costs lives. campaigns will not produce intended without controlling misinformation. This study aimed to analyzed the correlation between infodemic, COVID-19 stress media trust. Subjects Method: was a cross sectional conducted using online structured questionnaire, from December 2020 January 2021. A total 470 participants among African twitter community were randomly selected for this...
Abstract Background Recommendations for research partnerships between low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) high-income (HICs) stress the importance of equity within collaboration. However, there is limited knowledge practical challenges successes involved in establishing equitable practices. This study describes results a pilot survey assessing key issues on LMIC/HIC partnership HIV/AIDS collaborations compares perspectives these LMIC- HIC-based investigators. Methods Survey participants...
Kankaka, Edward Nelson MB, ChB; Kerezoudis, Panagiotis; Alvi, Mohammed Ali MD; Jui-Tsen, Yu MBBS; Meyer, Jenna; Goncalves, Sandy MSc; Bydon, Mohamad MD