A5052639627- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Family Support in Illness
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
Imperial College London
2020-2025
University College London
2019-2023
MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL
2019-2023
Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
2021-2023
Amsterdam University Medical Centers
2021
University of Amsterdam
2021
Novartis (Switzerland)
2020
Emodo (United States)
2020
University of Oxford
2020
Age-specific contact How can the resurgent epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during 2020 be explained? Are they a result students going back to school? To address this question, Monod et al. created matrix for infection based on data collected in Europe and China extended it United States. Early pandemic, before interventions were widely implemented, contacts concentrated among individuals similar age highest school-aged children, between children...
Most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths occur among adults, not children, and attention has focused on mitigating COVID-19 burden adults. However, a tragic consequence of adult is that high numbers children might lose their parents caregivers to COVID-19-associated deaths.
COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death for more than 940 000 individuals in US, including at least 1289 children and young people (CYP) aged 0 to 19 years, with 821 CYP deaths occurring 1-year period from August 1, 2021, July 31, 2022. Because among US are rare, mortality burden is best understood context all other causes death.To determine whether a leading (top 10) US.This national population-level cross-sectional epidemiological analysis years 2019 2022 used data Centers Disease...
In the 6 months following our estimates from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, proliferation of new coronavirus variants, updated mortality data, and disparities in vaccine access increased amount children experiencing COVID-19-associated orphanhood. To inform responses, we aimed model increases numbers affected by orphanhood caregiver death, as well cumulative age-group distribution circumstance (maternal or paternal orphanhood).
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Gamma variant of concern has spread rapidly across Brazil since late 2020, causing substantial infection and death waves. Here we used individual-level patient records after hospitalization with suspected or confirmed disease 2019 (COVID-19) between 20 January 2020 26 July 2021 to document temporary, sweeping shocks in hospital fatality rates that followed the 14 state capitals, during which typically more than half...
Abstract Deaths of parents and grandparent caregivers threaten child well-being owing to losses care, financial support, safety family stability, but are relatively unrecognized as a public health crisis. Here we used cause-specific vital statistics death registrations in modeling approach estimate the full magnitude orphanhood incidence prevalence among US children aged 0–17 years between 2000 2021 by cause, age, race ethnicity, sex deceased parent state, also accounted for caregiver loss...
Children affected by orphanhood of any cause may benefit from assessment and referral to appropriate services. Timely accurate data can guide policy. We leveraged new sources expanding previous reports on national COVID-19-associated estimate sub-national numbers children newly death parents co-residing elderly caregivers due all-causes causes in 2020-2021 Brazil. estimated that 1,300,000 (95% uncertainty interval 1,190,000, 1,430,000) Brazil experienced loss one or multiple and/or 60+....
In stopping the spread of infectious diseases, pathogen genomic data can be used to reconstruct transmission events and characterize population-level sources infection. Most approaches for identifying pairs do not account time passing since divergence variants in individuals, which is problematic viruses with high within-host evolutionary rates. This prompted us consider possible terms phylogenetic additional estimates infection derived from clinical biomarkers. We develop Bayesian mixture...
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15–24 years. As new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance of 38,749 participants the Rakai Community Cohort Study longitudinal deep-sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how population groups driving transmission have changed from 2003 2018 Uganda. We observed 1,117...
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15-24 years. As new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance of 38,749 participants the Rakai Community Cohort Study longitudinal deep sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how population groups driving transmission have changed from 2003 2018 Uganda. We observed 1,117...
Background The multi-arm multi-stage framework uses intermediate outcomes to assess lack-of-benefit of research arms at interim stages in randomised trials with time-to-event outcomes. However, the design lacks formal methods evaluate early evidence overwhelming efficacy on definitive outcome measure. We explore operating characteristics this extension and how control pairwise familywise type I error rate. Using real examples updated nstage program, we demonstrate such a can be developed...
Background: Multi-arm multi-stage trials are an efficient, adaptive approach for testing many treatments simultaneously within one protocol. In settings where numbers of patients available to be entered into and resources might limited, such as primary postpartum haemorrhage, it may necessary select a pre-specified subset arms at interim stages even if they all showing some promise against the control arm. This will put limit on maximum number required reduce associated costs. Motivated by...
Abstract Background Multi-arm multi-stage (MAMS) randomised trial designs have been proposed to evaluate multiple research questions in the confirmatory setting. In with several interventions, such as 8-arm 3-stage ROSSINI-2 for preventing surgical wound infection, there are likely be strict limits on number of individuals that can recruited or funds available support protocol. These limitations may mean not all treatments continue accrue required sample size definitive analysis primary...
Abstract HIV incidence in eastern and southern Africa has historically been concentrated among girls women aged 15-24 years, but as new cases decline with interventions, population-level infection dynamics may shift by age gender. Here, we integrated population-based surveillance longitudinal deep- sequence viral phylogenetics to assess how the population groups driving transmission have evolved over a 15-year period from 2003 2018 Uganda. suppression increased more rapidly than men,...
Summary Following initial declines, in mid 2020, a resurgence transmission of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has occurred the United States and parts Europe. Despite wide implementation non-pharmaceutical interventions, it is still not known how they are impacted by changing contact patterns, age other demographics. As COVID-19 control becomes more localised, understanding demographics driving these impacts loosening interventions such as school reopening crucial. Considering dynamics...
Abstract Introduction To prioritize and tailor interventions for ending AIDS by 2030 in Africa, it is important to characterize the population groups which HIV viraemia concentrating. Methods We analysed testing viral load data collected between 2013-2019 from open, population-based Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) Uganda, estimate seroprevalence suppression over time gender, one-year age bands residence inland fishing communities. All estimates were standardized underlying source using...
Men and women with a migration background comprise an increasing proportion of incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases across Western Europe.
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant spread rapidly across Brazil, causing substantial infection and death waves. We use individual-level patient records following hospitalisation with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to document the extensive shocks in hospital fatality rates that followed Gamma’s 14 state capitals, which more than half of hospitalised patients died over sustained time periods. show fluctuations in-hospital also existed prior detection, were largely transient after...
Abstract Importance: Deaths of parents and grandparent caregivers linked to social health crises threaten child wellbeing due losses nurturance, financial support, physical safety, family stability, care. Little is known about the full burden all-causes leading cause-specific orphanhood caregiver death beyond estimates from select causes. Objective : To estimate 2000-2021 prevalence incidence trends all-cause among children <18, by cause, age, race/ethnicity, state. Data Sources National...
The aim of this study was to investigate introductions and spread different HIV-1 subtypes in the Netherlands.We identified distinct transmission chains Netherlands within global epidemic context through viral phylogenetic analysis partial polymerase sequences from individuals enrolled ATHENA national HIV cohort all persons care since 1996, publicly available international background sequences.Viral lineages circulating were maximum parsimony phylogeographic analysis. proportion infections...
Abstract Covid-19 has caused more than 1 million deaths in the US, including at least 1,204 among children and young people (CYP) aged 0-19 years, with 796 occurring one year period April 1, 2021 - March 31, 2022. Deaths US CYP are rare general, so we argue here that mortality burden of is best understood context all other causes death. Using publicly available data from CDC WONDER on NCHS’s 113 Selected Causes Death, comparing to 2019, immediate pre-pandemic period, find 10 leading death...
Memory is known to be the most common first symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Assessing non-memory cognitive development AD important for understanding progression and potential identification of treatment-responsive subtypes.
More than 300 cities including the city of Amsterdam in Netherlands have joined UNAIDS Fast-Track Cities initiative, committing to accelerate their HIV response and end AIDS epidemic by 2030. To support this commitment, we aimed estimate number proportion infections that originated within city, from residents. We also recent during 5-year period 2014-2018 remained undiagnosed. located diagnosed using postcode data (PC4) at time registration ATHENA observational cohort, used sequence...