Acanthamoeba was implicated as the causative agent of chronic meningitis in three apparently immunocompetent children. Diagnosis established by cerebrospinal fluid wet mount examination and culture. Two children improved rapidly with combination oral therapy composed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin ketoconazole.

To assess the utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosing fungal keratitis and compare its sensitivity specificity with those conventional microbiologic techniques used authors' laboratory.A prospective nonrandomized investigation was undertaken at a tertiary-care ophthalmic facility to evaluate 40 eyes patients presumed keratitis, both fresh treated. Besides routine bacterial culture sensitivity, corneal scrapings were evaluated by culture, potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mount,...

The aim was to study the outcomes and results of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (Th PK) at a tertiary eye care hospital in northern India.In this retrospective interventional study, cohort 506 eyes that underwent Th PK for microbial keratitis evaluated. performed cases recalcitrant with impending perforation (descemetocele formation) or (>3 mm). Medical records were reviewed demographic details, risk factors, ulcer size, microbiological investigations, size donor recipient beds,...

To analyse the fungal culture results of patients with keratitis over sixteen years and look for variations in trends distribution across ages, gender seasons.Clinical demographic records microbiology reports 18,898 from 2001 to 2016 were analysed.Overall positivity was 21.5%. 67.3% males 32.7% females. Maximum numbers samples (17.9%) received age group 41-50 years, maximum seen 31-40 (30.8%). Most common fungus Aspergillus species (31.1%), followed by Fusarium (24.5%), Alternaria (10.5%),...

Purpose: To evaluate the conjunctival microbial flora in cases of ocular Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (SJS) a tertiary eye care center. Methods: This prospective study comprised 176 eyes 88 patients with SJS compared 124 normal subjects. The swabs were collected and sent for microbiological analysis bacterial isolation antibiotic sensitivity examination. type bacteria isolated its pattern studied. Results: Of eyes, 104 (59%) had positive cultures 16 (12.9%) culture control group, difference...

To evaluate the efficacy of topical, systemic and targeted therapy (TST) protocol in management fungal keratitis.All cases treatment-naive smear- or culture-proven keratitis presenting between June 2013 May 2017 were recruited. The TST included initial treatment with topical natamycin 5% addition oral ketoconazole voriconazole ulcers size >5 mm, depth >50%, impending perforation. Topical 1% was case poor response at 7 to 10 days. Intrastromal intracameral antifungal injections administered...

Comparative evaluation of efficacy monotherapy with moxifloxacin (0.5%) or gatifloxacin (0.3%) combination therapy cefazolin (5%) and tobramycin (1.3%) in treatment bacterial corneal ulcers.Patients diagnosed keratitis (ulcer diameter 2-8 mm) were randomized to 1 the 3 groups (tobramycin 1.3% 5%, 0.3%, 0.5%). After obtaining scrapings, assigned study medication was instilled hourly for 48 hours tapered as per clinical response. Healing ulcer, duration cure, adverse reactions, antibiogram...

To determine the predisposing factors, special clinical manifestations and management of presumed microbial ulcerative keratitis.A retrospective study was performed in 1000 eyes patients with keratitis. Information recorded on patients' age gender, risk seasonal presentation, number days since initiation ulcer, prior therapy, microbiological work-up case management.Fifty per cent corneal ulcers were aged between 36 65 years 13.3% paediatric group (1 month to <16 years). The male : female...

<h3>Background</h3> Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) keratitis is a leading cause of corneal blindness. Definitive laboratory diagnosis essential for timely management. Collection scrapings in patients with advanced epithelial and thinning poses perforation risks; tear fluid feasible convenient alternative but has not been widely evaluated HSV detection. <h3>Methods</h3> Tear alone (229) or along (153) from suspected herpetic was tested HSV-1 antigen by indirect immunofluorescence assay, virus...

Corneal scrapings were collected from a case of keratitis and microbiological investigations done. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus epidermidis) was identified on culture, antibiotic susceptibility tests performed. Treatment started with topical cefazolin sulfate 5% gatifloxacin 0.3%; this subsequently changed to vancomycin tobramycin 1.3% based the sensitivity pattern. The isolates bacterium susceptible vancomycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, resistance present against...

Acanthamoeba spp. are free-living ubiquitous protozoans capable of causing meningitis/meningoencephalitis (AME) the central nervous system in humans. divided into 20 different genotypes (T1–T20) on basis variation nucleotide sequences 18S rRNA gene. The objective this study was to identify patients using gene-based PCR assay. present provides information regarding involvement most prevalent and predominant genotype infections India. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from 149 clinically...

To report coinfection with Acanthamoeba and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a case contact lens-associated keratitis.A 20-year-old woman presented to the emergency department of our hospital 4-day history progressively increasing pain, redness, photophobia, mucopurulent discharge, diminution vision her right eye. She was being treated for lens-related keratitis another before presentation. Gram stain corneal scrapings revealed gram-negative bacilli. Both 10% KOH wet mount showed presence cysts....

Purpose: To evaluate the use of spectral domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SD-ASOCT) in fungal keratitis. Methods: Fifty eyes 50 patients with keratitis were recruited. Serial ASOCT was performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56. Corneal thickness (CT) infiltrate area, (IT), width measured at each follow-up. The presence any specific feature evaluated. Results: Mean CT IT presentation 650.5 ± 108 μm 401.1 91 μm, which reduced significantly follow-up [on 42; 626.8 113...

Early and accurate laboratory diagnosis appropriate management of infection improves the survival rate in sepsis. In this study we evaluated broad range 16S rRNA 16 S–23 S intergenic spacer region (ISR) PCR assays followed by nucleotide sequencing directly from patients' serum automated blood culture for admitted sepsis patients. A ISR assay was used hospital patients 62 suspected stream (sBSI) Automated also same Nucleotide sequences were analyzed against NCBI Genbank database organisms...

To compare the safety and efficacy of intrastromal voriconazole (IS-VCZ), amphotericin B (IS-AMB) natamycin (IS-NTM) as an adjunct to topical (NTM) in cases recalcitrant fungal keratitis.Prospective randomized trial.Tertiary eye centre.Sixty eyes 60 patients with microbiologically proven keratitis (ulcer size >2 mm, depth >50% stroma, not responding NTM therapy for two weeks) were recruited.patients into three groups 20 eyes, each receiving ISVCZ 50ug/0.1 mL, ISAMB, 5ug/0.1 mL ISNTM 10ug/0.1...

To compare the equivalence of gatifloxacin 0.3% with a combination fortified cefazolin sodium 5% and tobramycin sulfate 1.3% eye drops in treatment nonperforated bacterial corneal ulcers.In randomized, controlled, clinical trials, microbiologically proven cases ulcers were enrolled allocated randomly to one 2 groups. Group A was given therapy (fortified 1.3%) group B monotherapy (gatifloxacin 0.3%). The primary outcome measure percentage that healed at 3 months follow-up.Out 204 patients...

<b>Purpose:</b> To determine the clinicomicrobiological profile of infectious agents and their antibiotic susceptibility in different type endophthalmitis. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective review clinical microbiological records from January 2001 to December 2010, was performed 1110 patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis (postoperative, posttraumatic, endogenous post keratitis) record demographic details, presentations; isolated antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Antimicrobial testing for...

Background Endophthalmitis, a sight-threatening intraocular infection, can be of postsurgical, post-traumatic or endogenous origin. Laboratory diagnosis-based appropriate therapy vision-saving. Conventional culture-based laboratory diagnosis takes time and lacks sensitivity. In this study broad-range PCR assay was assessed against conventional automated culture methods in vitreous specimens for accurate microbiological diagnosis. Aims To use targeting 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) region bacteria...

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of oral voriconazole (VCZ) with ketoconazole (KCZ) as an adjunct to topical natamycin in severe fungal keratitis. Methods: Fifty eyes 50 patients proven keratitis, (&gt;5 mm size, involving &gt;4 central cornea and &gt;50% stromal depth), smear, and/or culture positive were randomized receive either VCZ (n = 25) or KCZ 200 mg twice a day. Both groups received along medication. The primary outcome measure was best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) at 3...

Free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are causative agents severe sight-threatening infection cornea. This study was designed to characterize genotype 20 spp. isolates obtained from corneal scrapings 183 suspected keratitis patients reporting Outpatient Department/Casualty Services Dr R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute Medical New Delhi, during period 2011-2015. Corneal were inoculated onto 2 % non-nutrient agar plates overlaid with Escherichia coli and...

Purpose. To determine the efficacy of 0.02% polyhexamethylene biguanide and 1% povidone iodine in experimental Aspergillus keratitis. Methods. fumigatus keratitis was induced by corneal intrastromal injection spores 24 healthy rabbits that were randomly divided into four groups six each. Drugs used 5% natamycin (standard antifungal), (PHMB) (test drug), 0.5% hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) (control). Results. The average healing times ulcer 21.5 ± 3.08 days with natamycin, 27.8 2.28...