A5079032570- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Helminth infection and control
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Renal and related cancers
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Paraquat toxicity studies and treatments
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Liver physiology and pathology
University of Copenhagen
2005-2022
Environment and Climate Change Canada
2022
New York University Press
2010
Cambridge University Press
2010
Chitose Institute of Science and Technology
2010
Technical University of Denmark
2007
Royal Agricultural University
1992-2006
Mount Allison University
2006
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2002
Novo Nordisk (Denmark)
2000
EFSA and EMA have jointly reviewed measures taken in the EU to reduce need for use of antimicrobials food-producing animals, resultant impacts on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Reduction strategies been implemented successfully some Member States. Such include national reduction targets, benchmarking use, controls prescribing restrictions specific critically important antimicrobials, together with improvements animal husbandry disease prevention control measures. Due multiplicity factors...
Abstract: Minipigs have become a popular alternative to the traditional non‐rodent species although little information is available on their P450 system. The total P450, enzyme activity and immunochemical levels of some most important drug metabolizing isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 CYP3A4 were measured in liver microsomes from 8 minipigs 12 conventional pigs both sexes castrate pigs. mRNA expression was analyzed for 3 isoenzymes: CYP2A6 CYP2E1. slightly higher compared...
Craven, J., Bjørn, H., Hennessy, D. R., Friis, C. The effects of body composition on the pharmacokinetics subcutaneously injected ivermectin and moxidectin in pigs. J. vet Pharmacol. Therap. 25, 227–232. Macrocyclic lactones are characterized by their long persistence animals because extensive distribution into fat. This study examined influence condition disposition (IVM) (MXD) blood fat following subcutaneous (s.c.) drug administration. `Fat' `thin' lines pigs were established using two...
Summary Pharmacokinetic determinants of danofloxacin (1.25 mg/kg body weight, iv ) and its penetration into the respiratory tract tissues were studied in sixteen 4- to 6-week-old calves. The disposition curve was best described by an open 3-compartment model. Mean elimination half-life 7.4 hours steady-state volume distribution 4.3 L/kg. large confirmed a rapid high drug secretions. In all structures (lung tissue, bronchial mucosa, secretions, nasal secretions), concentration peaked 1 hour...
The expression of drug metabolizing cytochrome P4502A (CYP2A) is highly gender-dependent in minipigs with the highest activity females. In other species, orthologs CYP2A have been shown to be under regulation nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor, whereas little known about pigs. To investigate effect sex hormones on porcine P450 and CYP3A was assessed liver samples taken before after castration sexually mature minipig boars. Removal primary androgen source resulted significant...
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), estimated as clearance of inulin, and <i>p</i>-aminohippuric acid (C<sub>PAH</sub>) were measured in 32 unanaesthetized piglets 1–62 days age. During this period time, GFR increased from 0.27 to 0.59 ml/min/g kidney C<sub>PAH</sub> 1.02 1.72 kidney. At 8 weeks age, equaled adult values. In addition, renal PAH extraction (E<sub>PAH</sub>) was 12 anaesthetized aged 1–79 days. E<sub>PAH</sub> 0.75 at...
Antisense- or RNAi-mediated suppression of the biosynthesis nutritionally inferior storage proteins is a promising strategy for improving amino acid profile seeds. However, potential pleiotropic effects this on interconnected pathways and agronomic quality traits need to be addressed. In current study, transcriptomic analysis an antisense C-hordein line barley was performed, using grain-specific cDNA array. The characterized by marked changes in protein profiles, while seed weight within...
Winther, L., Baptiste, K. E., Friis, C. Antimicrobial disposition in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of horses, Part III. Cefquinome. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 482–486. Cefquinome concentrations, following intravenous and aerosol administration to (PELF) were examined compared plasma concentrations. Single dose cefquinome sulphate (1 mg/kg) was administered intravenously six horses followed by a single (225 mg) with wash‐out period 14 days between treatments. After each drug...
It is essential to establish the activity and regulation of cytochrome P450 system species selected for toxicological pharmacological studies. The minipig has become a popular substitute traditional non-rodent although little information available on its system. total enzyme most important drug-metabolizing isoenzymes: CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 CYP3A4 were measured in liver microsomes from 4 minipigs 8 conventional pigs both sexes. Immunochemical levels determined teh isoenzymes. was...
CYP2A6 in man catalyzes the oxidation of nicotine-forming cotinine and 7-hydroxylation coumarin, which is used as test substrate for man. Large interindividual differences are found some due to genetic polymorphism. The coumarin present pigs, an inter-individual variation has been that might be polymorphisms. To enable finding polymorphism minipig cDNA was sequenced. Two cDNAs were translated a 494 487 amino acid long protein, both all but one pig. a.a. protein showed high homology human...
In five female pigs, weighing approximately 100 kg, laparotomy was made under surgical anesthesia. One kidney removed for immersion fixation and enzyme histochemistry, while the other fixed by vascular perfusion without prior interruption of blood flow. A step-by-step description is given procedure, which requires three assistant. Prior to perfusion, heparin in order prevent intravascular coagulation. 1% glutaraldehyde Tyrode's solution used as fluid. Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2.5% added adjust...
Ptaquiloside is a natural toxin present in bracken ferns (Pteridium sp.). Cattle ingesting may develop bladder tumours and excrete genotoxins meat milk. However, the fate of ptaquiloside cattle link between carcinogenesis unresolved. Here, we toxicokinetic profile plasma urine after intravenous administration oral bracken. Administered intravenously ptaquiloside, revealed volume distribution 1.3 L kg-1 with mean residence-time 4 hours. A large fraction was converted to non-toxic pterosin B...
During investigation of the kinetics skatole in pigs, it was observed that some which are poor metabolizers (3-methylindole), incapable forming a metabolite named MII. This lead to hypothesis incidents boar taint Danish pigs could at least be due partly polymorphism one P-450 isoenzymes responsible for oxidative metabolism skatole. To further investigate selected metabolites were isolated and identified. Three major from urine given [14C]skatole (5 mg/kg). The identified using mass...
Macrocyclic lactones (ML) are highly effective anthelmintics that provide a long protective period after administration because of their extensive distribution into fat. This study examined whether the body composition animal at time treatment had any influence on pharmacokinetics two MLs, moxidectin (MOX) and ivermectin (IVM). ‘Fat’ ‘lean’ lines pigs were established using different diets, with weekly determination liveweight backfat thickness confirming difference in condition between...
To determine pharmacokinetics and metabolic patterns of fenbendazole after IV oral administration to pigs.4 mixed-breed female pigs weighing 32 45 kg.Fenbendazole was administered at a dose 1 mg/kg. One week later, it orally 5 Blood samples were collected for up 72 hours administration, plasma concentrations fenbendazole, oxfendazole, sulfone determined by use high-pressure liquid chromatography. Plasma noncompartmental methods.Body clearance 1.36 L/h/kg, volume distribution steady state...
Abstract: Metabolism of trimethoprim (TMP) was investigated in vivo and vitro experiments on 1 day (group A), 8 days B), 60 C) old piglets. In the studies piglets received an intravenous injection 14 C‐trimethoprim. Urine then collected for 3 hours after which animals were killed. During collection period 13, 24, 40% dose excreted urine group A, B, C, respectively. Trimethoprim following metabolites: Metabolite 4, minor metabolites, conjugates determined plasma, liver, kidney, urine, bile....