A5000160515- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Neurological Complications and Syndromes
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
2016-2025
Mount Sinai Medical Center
2014-2024
Allen Institute for Brain Science
2022-2023
New York Proton Center
2022
The Mount
2012-2020
Mount Sinai Hospital
1996-2019
Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation
2013-2019
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2015-2018
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2000-2017
Mount Sinai Hospital
1999-2016
This is a cross-sectional, observational study to determine the frequency and associated features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in large, diverse sample infected individuals era combination antiretroviral therapy (CART).A total 1,555 HIV-infected adults were recruited from 6 university clinics across United States, with minimal exclusions. We used standardized neuromedical, psychiatric, neuropsychological (NP) examinations, recently published criteria for diagnosing HAND...
Combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) has greatly reduced medical morbidity and mortality with HIV infection, but high rates of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to be reported. Because large HIV-infected (HIV+) uninfected (HIV−) groups have not been studied similar methods in the pre-CART CART eras, it is unclear whether changed prevalence, nature, clinical correlates HAND. We used comparable subject screening assessments classify impairment (NCI) + − participants...
Elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an indicator of microbial translocation from the gut, is a likely cause systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. LPS induces monocyte and trafficking into brain, which are key mechanisms pathogenesis HIV-associated dementia (HAD). To determine whether high levels associated with increased HAD, we obtained peripheral blood samples AIDS patients examined by Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay, monocytes FACS, soluble markers ELISA....
Microglia are involved in neurodegeneration, prime targets for anti-inflammatory therapy and potential biomarkers of disease progression. For example, positron emission tomography imaging employing radioligands the mitochondrial translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO, formerly known as peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) is being scrutinized to detect neuroinflammation various diseases. TSPO presumably present activated microglia, but may be other neural cells.We sought elucidate expression...
Despite immune recovery in individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the frequency of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remains high. Immune is typically achieved after initiation ART from nadir, or lowest historical CD4. The present study evaluated probability neuropsychological impairment (NPI) and HAND as a function CD4 nadir an HIV-positive cohort.One thousand five hundred twenty-five participants enrolled CNS HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Effects Research,...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) can show variable clinical trajectories. Previous longitudinal studies of HAND typically have been brief, did not use adequate normative standards, or were conducted in the context a trial, thereby limiting our understanding incident (NC) decline and recovery.We investigated incidence predictors NC change over 16-72 (mean, 35) months 436 HIV-infected participants CNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects Research...
<h3>Objective</h3> To provide updated estimates of the prevalence and clinical impact human immunodeficiency virus−associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) neuropathic pain due to HIV-SN in combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) era. <h3>Design</h3> Prospective, cross-sectional analysis. Clinical correlates for pain, including age, exposure CART, CD4 levels, plasma viral load, hepatitis C virus infection, alcohol use disorders, were evaluated univariate multivariate models. <h3>Setting</h3>...
While HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the clinical relevance of asymptomatic impairment (ANI), most common HAND diagnosis, remains unclear. We investigated whether HIV-infected persons with ANI were more likely than those who neurocognitively normal (NCN) to experience a decline in everyday functioning (symptomatic decline).A total 347 human participants from CNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects Research...
The distribution and time course of postischemic astrocyte hypertrophy hyperplasia the relationship to neuronal viability or necrosis was studied in rats subjected 30 min carotid vertebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion from 3 h 5 weeks. Intermediate filaments (IFs) were evaluated electron microscopy, IF proteins immunohistochemistry, division [ H]thymidine uptake. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) increased damaged nondamaged brain regions 2 days associated with cell...
We examined the interrater reliability (IRR) of clinical ratings neuropsychological (NP) impairment and neurocognitive diagnoses in HIV. Thirty participants with advanced HIV-infection who were enrolled a multicenter HIV brain banking research project underwent comprehensive NP neuromedical evaluations. Using standardized system guidelines, neuropsychologists from six participating sites independently assigned impairment, as well multilevel reflecting inferred etiology impairments their...
MR imaging of brain abscessesAB Haimes, RD Zimmerman, S Morgello, K Weingarten, Becker, R Jennis and MD DeckAudio Available | Share
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was applied to the study of tissue sections human colorectal cancer. Pairs samples from cancer and histologically normal mucosa 5-10 cm away tumor were obtained 11 patients who underwent partial colectomy. All specimens displayed abnormal spectra compared with corresponding tissues. These changes involved phosphate C-O stretching bands, CH stretch region, pressure dependence CH2 bending C = O modes. Our findings indicate that in colonic...
We have developed a murine model of wasting by injecting intracerebrally cells which continuously secrete h-cachectin/TNF (CHO-TNF) to: (a) determine the effects cachectin/TNF produced in central nervous system (CNS), and (b) compare metabolic cachectin/TNF-secreting tumor brain to cachexia caused CHO-TNF peripheral tissue (IM). Intracerebral tumors increased serum levels with lethal hypophagia weight loss (mean survival time 11 d); these changes were not observed association nonsecretory...
Human and monkey brain sections were examined by immunohistochemical light electron microscopy to determine the distribution of GLUT1, a glucose transporter isoform associated with erythrocytes endothelial cells human blood-brain barrier. Protein immunoblotting fractionated membranes was performed molecular forms transporter. GLUT1 staining abundant in cerebral endothelium gray white matter but also present diffusely neuropil when viewed microscopy. Immunoelectron confirmed vascular...
Pituicytoma is a rare, poorly characterized tumor of the sella and suprasellar region that distinct morphologically from other local tumors thought to be derived neurohypophyseal pituicytes. Clinical data, neuroimaging studies, microsections were reviewed nine such low-grade gliomas. Immunostains for glial, neuronal, proliferation markers performed on all six control neurohypophyses. Three studied ultrastructurally. Six men three women, age 30 83 years (mean, 48 years), presented with visual...
Because HIV-related neurocognitive impairment is usually mild and variable, clinical ratings (CR) global deficit scores (GDS) are recommended for detecting HIV-associated disorders (HAND). The CR approach requires in at least two ability domains while the GDS considers number severity of impairments across all measures. We examined classification agreement correlates methods. Neurocognitive functioning 1574 HIV-infected participants was assessed via a comprehensive, seven-domain...
Objective: Mild forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in the era combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Although elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and immune activation are implicated HAND pathogenesis, relationships LPS inflammatory markers to mild or impairment specific cognitive domains unknown. To examine these relationships, we compared plasma soluble CD14 (sCD14), CCL2, levels with test scores a cART cohort. Methods: We analyzed from HIV+ subjects...
To examine distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) in a highly active antiretroviral therapy era, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cohort, to determine whether clinical manifestations are affected by demographic or other variables.One hundred eighty-seven patients with HIV infection enrolled the Manhattan Brain Bank underwent baseline neurologic evaluations between January 29, 1999, and June 17, 2002. Distal was diagnosed if displayed abnormalities 2 more of following: ankle reflexes...
Abstract Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) typically affects the CNS white matter of central nervous system. We present an human immunodeficiency virus–infected patient with polyomavirus JC infection restricted to granule cell neurons cerebellum and corresponding neurological symptomatology. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated cerebellar atrophy without lesions stereotactic biopsy showed selective granular layer, preservation Purkinje cells absence classic progressive...