Luke W. Meredith
A5086037292- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
University of Cambridge
2016-2024
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
2023-2024
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
2023-2024
University of Kentucky
2023-2024
Addenbrooke's Hospital
2016-2020
University of Makeni
2016-2020
Bridge University
2020
University College Dublin
2020
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
2006-2016
Griffith University
2007-2016
Significant differences exist in the availability of healthcare worker (HCW) SARS-CoV-2 testing between countries, and existing programmes focus on screening symptomatic rather than asymptomatic staff. Over a 3 week period (April 2020), 1032 HCWs were screened for large UK teaching hospital. Symptomatic staff household contacts additionally tested. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect viral RNA from throat+nose self-swab. 3% group tested positive SARS-CoV-2. 17/30 (57%) truly...
The burden and influence of health-care associated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections is unknown. We aimed to examine the use rapid SARS-CoV-2 sequencing combined with detailed epidemiological analysis investigate inform infection control measures.
We report on an Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivor who showed in seminal fluid 531 days after onset of disease. The persisting was sexually transmitted February 2016, about 470 symptoms, and caused a new cluster EVD Guinea Liberia.
Monitoring the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and reconstructing transmission chains has become a major public health focus for many governments around world. The modest mutation rate rapid prevents reconstruction from consensus genome sequences, but within-host genetic diversity could theoretically help identify close contacts. Here we describe patterns in 1181 samples sequenced to high depth duplicate. 95.1% show mutations at detectable allele frequencies. Analyses mutational spectra revealed strong...
ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can initiate infection by cell-free particle and cell-cell contact-dependent transmission. In this study we use a novel infectious coculture system to examine these alternative modes of infection. Cell-to-cell transmission is relatively resistant anti-HCV glycoprotein monoclonal antibodies polyclonal immunoglobulin isolated from infected individuals, providing an effective strategy for escaping host humoral immune responses. Chimeric viruses expressing the...
Inherited microcephaly exposes Zika culprit Microcephaly has been the terrifying hallmark of recent outbreak virus (ZIKV) in Americas. How damages brain development fetus is enigmatic. Chavali et al. found that congenital microcephaly, mutations a neural precursor protein, Musashi-1 (MSI1), impede RNA binding to stem cell targets, resulting abnormal (see Perspective by Griffin). MSI1 also binds ZIKV amplify viral replication cells. This interaction could put pregnant woman at risk giving...
To end the largest known outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa and to prevent new transmissions, rapid epidemiological tracing cases contacts was required. The ability quickly identify unknown sources chains transmission is key ending EVD epidemic even greater importance context recent reports (EBOV) persistence survivors. Phylogenetic analysis complete EBOV genomes can provide important information on source any infection. A local deep sequencing facility established at...
Abstract The response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been hampered by lack of an effective severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antiviral therapy. Here we report use remdesivir in a patient with COVID-19 and prototypic genetic antibody deficiency X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA). Despite evidence complement activation robust T cell response, developed persistent SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis, without progressing multi-organ involvement. This unusual clinical...
SUMMARY HCV is a blood‐borne pathogen that affects approximately 3% of the global population and leads to progressive liver disease. Recent advances have identified an essential role for host cell molecules: tetraspanin CD81, scavenger receptor B1 tight junction proteins claudin‐1 occludin in entry, suggesting complex multi‐step process. The conserved nature this receptor‐dependent step viral life cycle offers attractive target therapeutic intervention. Evidence emerging additional factors...
ABSTRACT Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) targeting glycoprotein E2 are important for the control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. One conserved antigenic site (amino acids 412 to 423) is disordered in reported structure, but a synthetic peptide mimicking this forms β-hairpin complex with three independent NAbs. Our structure same NAb 3/11 demonstrates strikingly different extended conformation. We also show that residues 423 essential entry not folding. Together neutralizing capacity Fab...
Previously, we showed that 3% (31/1032)of asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) from a large teaching hospital in Cambridge, UK, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 April 2020. About 15% (26/169) HCWs with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also (Rivett et al., 2020). Here, show the proportion both and symptomatic testing rapidly declined to near-zero between 25th 24th May 2020, corresponding decline patient admissions COVID-19 during ongoing UK 'lockdown'. These data demonstrate...
SARS-CoV-2 is notable both for its rapid spread, and the heterogeneity of patterns transmission, with multiple published incidences superspreading behaviour. Here, we applied a novel network reconstruction algorithm to infer viral transmission occurring between patients health care workers (HCWs) in largest clusters COVID-19 infection identified during first wave epidemic at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK. Based upon dates individuals reporting symptoms, recorded...
Abstract The use of real-time genomic epidemiology has enabled the tracking global spread severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), informing evidence-based public health decision making. Ukraine experienced four waves Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) between spring 2020 and 2022. However, insufficient capacity for local genetic sequencing limited potential application SARS-CoV-2 surveillance response in country. Herein, we report 103 genomes from patient samples...
Severe liver disease caused by chronic hepatitis C virus is the major indication for transplantation. Despite recent advances in antiviral therapy, drug toxicity and unwanted side effects render effective treatment liver-transplanted patients a challenging task. Virus-specific therapeutic antibodies are generally safe well-tolerated, but their potential preventing treating (HCV) infection has not yet been realized due to variety of issues, least high production costs variability. Heavy-chain...
ABSTRACT Despite the recent progress in development of new antiviral agents, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major global health problem, and there is need for preventive vaccine. We previously reported that adenoviral vectors expressing HCV nonstructural proteins elicit protective T cell responses chimpanzees were immunogenic healthy volunteers. Furthermore, recombinant E1E2 protein formulated with adjuvant MF59 induced antibody was humans. To develop an vaccine capable inducing...
<ns4:p>Genomic surveillance is an important aspect of contemporary disease management but has yet to be used routinely monitor endemic transmission and control in low- middle-income countries. Rabies almost invariably fatal viral that causes a large public health economic burden Asia Africa, despite being entirely vaccine preventable. With policy efforts now directed towards achieving global goal zero dog-mediated human rabies deaths by 2030, establishing effective tools critical. Genomic...
BackgroundMpox, caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), was considered a rare zoonotic disease before May 2022, when global epidemic of cases in non-endemic countries led to the declaration Public Health Emergency International Concern. Cases mpox Ireland, country without previous reports, could reflect extended local transmission or multiple epidemiological introductions.AimTo elucidate origins and molecular characteristics MPXV circulating Ireland between 2022 October 2023.MethodsWhole genome...
Herein we describe a mutant of the two-exon HIV-1 Tat protein, termed Nullbasic, that potently inhibits multiple steps replication cycle. Nullbasic was created by replacing entire arginine-rich basic domain wild type with glycine/alanine residues. Like similarly mutated one-exon mutants, exhibited transdominant negative effects on Tat-dependent transactivation. However, unlike previously reported discovered also strongly suppressed expression unspliced and singly-spliced viral mRNA, an...
Macrophages are critical components of the innate immune response in liver. Chronic hepatitis C is associated with infiltration and infected liver shows a significant increase total macrophage numbers; however, their role viral life cycle poorly understood. Activation blood-derived intrahepatic macrophages panel Toll-like receptor agonists induce soluble mediators that promote virus (HCV) entry into polarized hepatoma cells. We identified tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) as major cytokine...
Genomic surveillance is an important aspect of contemporary disease management but has yet to be used routinely monitor endemic transmission and control in low- middle-income countries. Rabies almost invariably fatal viral that causes a large public health economic burden Asia Africa, despite being entirely vaccine preventable. With policy efforts now directed towards achieving global goal zero dog-mediated human rabies deaths by 2030, establishing effective tools critical. data can provide...
Significant differences exist in the availability of healthcare worker (HCW) SARS-CoV-2 testing between countries, and existing programmes focus on screening symptomatic rather than asymptomatic staff. Over a 3-week period (April 2020), 1,032 HCWs were screened for large UK teaching hospital. Symptomatic staff household contacts additionally tested. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect viral RNA from throat+nose self-swab. 3% group tested positive SARS-CoV-2. 17/30 (57%) truly...