A5065573421- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
Duke University
2018-2024
Duke Institute for Health Innovation
2022-2024
Brown University
2023
Piedmont International University
2021
Pulmonary and Allergy Associates
2020
Grady Health System
2020
Emory University
2020
Mercer University Health Sciences Center
2020
Mercer University
2019
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2019
Objective To create a multidimensional tool to prognosticate long‐term functional, cognitive, and quality of life outcomes after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) using data up 48 hours admission. Methods Data were prospectively collected for 1,619 consecutive patients enrolled in the SAH outcome project July 1996 March 2014. Linear models (LMs) applied identify factors associated with 1,526 complete data. Twelve‐month measured modified Rankin scale (mRS), Telephone Interview...
Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitous human fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis in predominantly immunocompromised hosts. The fungus typically haploid, and sexual reproduction involves two individuals with opposite mating types/sexes, α a. However, the overwhelming predominance of type (MAT) over C. populations limits α–a nature. Recently it was discovered can undergo same-sex under laboratory conditions, especially between isolates. Whether occurs nature contributes to current...
The ubiquitous environmental human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans is traditionally considered a haploid fungus with bipolar mating system. In nature, the alpha type overwhelmingly predominant over a. How genetic diversity generated and maintained by this heterothallic in largely unisexual population unclear. Recently it was discovered that C. can undergo same-sex under laboratory conditions generating both diploid intermediates recombinant progeny. Same-sex (alpha-alpha) also occurs nature...
ABSTRACT Koch’s postulates are criteria establishing a causal relationship between microbe and disease that lead to the assumption diseases caused by single strain or its evolved forms. Cryptococcus neoformans is life-threatening human fungal pathogen responsible for an estimated 1 million cases of cryptococcosis/year, predominantly meningoencephalitis. To assess molecular diversity clinical isolates gain knowledge C. biology in host, we analyzed cultures collected during prospective...
Diarrhea remains one of the major causes death in Bangladesh. We studied diarrheal disease risk and healthcare seeking behavior among populations at high for diarrhea Dhaka, Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted during April September 2010. The prevalence was calculated by age-group sex. A generalized estimating equation with logit link function used to predict care professional provider. Of 316,766 individuals, 10% young children (<5 years). 16 per 1000 persons all...
ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae O1 causes cholera, a dehydrating diarrheal disease. We have previously shown that V. -specific memory B cell responses develop after cholera infection, and we hypothesize these mediate long-term protective immunity against cholera. prospectively followed household contacts of patients to determine whether the presence circulating antigen-specific cells on enrollment was associated with protection infection over 30-day period. Two hundred thirty-six 122 index were...
Cryptococcus neoformans is a human opportunistic fungal pathogen causing severe disseminated meningoencephalitis, mostly in patients with cellular immune defects. This species divided into three serotypes: A, D, and the AD hybrid. Our objectives were to compare population structures of serotype A D clinical isolates assess whether infections hybrids differ from other serotypes. For this purpose, we analyzed 483 corresponding data 234 enrolled during CryptoA/D study or nationwide survey on...
Hybridization with polyploidization is a significant biological force driving evolution. The effect of combining two distinct genomes in one organism on the virulence potential pathogenic fungi not clear. Cryptococcus neoformans, most common cause fungal infection central nervous system, has bipolar mating system and alpha types occurs as A (haploid), D AD hybrid (mostly diploid) serotypes. Diploid hybrids are derived either from a-alpha or unisexual between haploid cells. precise...
ABSTRACT Current oral cholera vaccines induce lower protective efficacy and shorter duration of protection against than wild-type infection provides, this difference is most pronounced in young children. Despite this, there are limited data comparing immune responses children following disease versus vaccination, especially with regard to memory associated long-term immunity. Here, we report a comparison (2 5 years age; n = 20) older (6 17 given two doses an killed vaccine containing...
ABSTRACT Children bear a large component of the global burden cholera. Despite this, little is known about immune responses to cholera in children, especially those under 5 years age. Cholera vaccine studies have demonstrated lower long-term protective efficacy young children than older and adults. Memory B cell (MBC) may correlate with duration protection following infection vaccination. Here we report comparison (3 age; n = 17), (6 17 adults (18 60 68) hospitalized Dhaka, Bangladesh. We...
Background In 2012, Botswana introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) to its childhood immunization program in a 3+0 schedule, achieving coverage rates of above 90% by 2014. other settings, PCV introduction has been followed an increase carriage or disease caused non-vaccine serotypes, including some serotypes with high prevalence antibiotic resistance. Methods We characterized the serotype epidemiology and resistance isolates cultured from nasopharyngeal samples...
Abstract Background Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with lower placental transfer of antibodies specific to several childhood pathogens. Our objective for this study was evaluate the effect maternal HIV on respiratory syncytial (RSV)-neutralizing antibodies. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional mothers and their newborn infants at tertiary hospital in Gaborone, Botswana, between March 2015 December 2015. measured serum RSV antibody levels by using...
Abstract Background Globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children. Few data exist regarding effect Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV-13) on burden childhood in African settings. Methods We collected children aged 1 to 59 months at 3 hospitals Botswana. Hib PCV-13 were introduced Botswana November 2010 July 2012, respectively. compared hospitalizations deaths prevaccine (January 2009 October 2010) with postvaccine 2013...
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduce the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease, but sustained effect these can be diminished by an increase in disease caused non-vaccine serotypes. To describe serotype epidemiology Botswana following introduction 13-valent vaccine (PCV-13) July 2012, we performed molecular serotyping 268 strains isolated from 221 children between 2012 and 2017. The median (interquartile range) age included this analysis was 6 (3,12) months. Fifty-nine percent had...
Ethylene glycol (EG) poisoning is a toxicologic emergency requiring high clinical suspicion and early diagnosis to prevent life-threatening complications. Direct EG quantification methods involve cumbersome time-consuming laboratory tests of limited utility in the setting. Accordingly, osmolal gap frequently employed as surrogate screening method cases suspected toxic alcohol poisoning. However, has several inherent limitations be considered when used diagnostic tool for toxicity. Although...
Among children 1-23 months of age with respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute lower infection in Botswana, young (<6 months), household use wood as a cooking fuel, moderate or severe malnutrition and oxygen saturation <90% on room air were independent predictors clinical nonresponse at 48 hours. HIV-uninfected infants less than six age, HIV exposure was associated higher risk in-hospital mortality.
Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess quality anticoagulation with warfarin in patients non-valvular AF who were managed exclusively pharmacy run clinics and evaluate whether these would be expected have same efficacy safety profiles as those RE-LY, ROCKET AF, ARISTOTLE trials. Methods: This a retrospective 146 3 initiated on therapy prevent stroke associated atrial fibrillation. International Normalized Ratio (INR) values collected over 1-year period management expressed...
ABSTRACT Background Children living with HIV (CLWH) are at high risk of colonization and infection by bacterial respiratory pathogens. Microbes in the upper microbiome can prevent these The impact on development during childhood is poorly understood. Methods We enrolled healthy CLWH (<5 years) age- sex-matched HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) HIV-unexposed, (HUU) children a cross-sectional study conducted Botswana. used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to compare nasopharyngeal microbiomes...