A5049333683- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Diffusion and Search Dynamics
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Blood properties and coagulation
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Saarland University
2015-2024
Leibniz-Institute for New Materials
2017-2022
University of Cambridge
2009-2015
Institut Curie
2012
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2012
In-Q-Tel
2011
Leipzig University
2009
Migration of cells is important for tissue maintenance, immune response, and often altered in disease. While biochemical aspects, including cell adhesion, have been studied detail, much less known about the role mechanical properties cells. Previous measurement methods rely on contact with artificial surfaces, which can convolute results. Here, we used a non-contact, microfluidic optical stretcher to study mechanics, isolated from other parameters, context infiltration by acute promyelocytic...
Although cellular mechanical properties are known to alter during stem cell differentiation, understanding of the functional relevance such alterations is incomplete. Here, we show that course differentiation human myeloid precursor cells into three different lineages, their viscoelastic properties, measured using an optical stretcher, suit ultimate fate and function. Myeloid circulating in blood have be advected through constrictions vessels, engendering need for compliance at short...
When red blood cells (RBCs) pass constrictions or small capillaries they need to apertures falling well below their own cross section size. We used different means of mechanical stimulations (hypoosmotic swelling, local stimulation, passing through microfluidic constrictions) observe cellular responses human RBCs in terms intracellular Ca2+-signaling by confocal microscopy Fluo-4 loaded RBCs. were able confirm our vitro results a mouse dorsal skinfold chamber model showing transiently...
Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in eliminating tumorigenic cells. Efficient locating and killing of target complex three‐dimensional (3D) environments are critical for their functions under physiological conditions. However, the mechanosensing regulating NK‐cell efficiency physiologically relevant scenarios is poorly understood. Here, we report that responsiveness NK regulated by tumor cell stiffness. 3D impaired against softened cells, whereas it enhanced stiffened...
Metastasizing tumor cells show increased expression of the intermediate filament (IF) protein vimentin, which has been used to diagnose invasive tumors for decades. Recent observations indicate that vimentin is not only a passive marker carcinoma, but may also induce cell invasion. To clarify how IFs control adhesions and migration, we analyzed nanoscale (30–50 nm) spatial organization cell-matrix in metastatic fibroblast cells, using three-color stimulated emission depletion (STED)...
Significance Dendritic cells are immune that migrate within the human body in search of pathogens. This is performed by a random walk, which combines persistent and diffuse movements. The mechanism underlying this walk currently not known. We analyzed very long trajectories dendritic ex vivo, we describe here their characteristic diffusive patterns. Together with theoretical analysis, provide evidence could be consequence intrinsic actin dynamics without need for molecular noise or external...
Shape, dynamics, and viscoelastic properties of eukaryotic cells are primarily governed by a thin, reversibly cross-linked actomyosin cortex located directly beneath the plasma membrane. We obtain time-dependent rheological responses fibroblasts MDCK II from deformation-relaxation curves using an atomic force microscope to access dependence fluidity on prestress. introduce model that treats cell as composite shell assumes relaxation follows power law giving cortical prestress,...
Cells exist in different phenotypes and can transition between them. A phenotype may be characterized by many aspects. Here, we focus on the example of whether cell is adhered or suspended choose particular parameters related to structure mechanics actin cortex. The cortex essential mechanics, morphology, function, such as for adhesion, migration, division animal cells. To predict control cellular functions prevent malfunctioning, it necessary understand governs mechanics; however,...
The nutrient-activated mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1) signaling pathway determines cell size by controlling mRNA translation, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis, and autophagy. Here, we show that vimentin, a cytoskeletal intermediate filament have known to be important for wound healing cancer progression, through signaling, an effect is also manifested at the organism level in mice. This vimentin-mediated regulation all levels mTOR downstream activation...
IL-3 has been reported to be involved in various inflammatory disorders, but its role bowel disease (IBD) not addressed so far. Here, we determined expression samples from patients with IBD and studied the impact of Il3 or Il3r deficiency on T cell-dependent experimental colitis. We explored mechanical, cytoskeletal migratory properties −/− +/+ cells using real-time deformability cytometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron fluorescence recovery after photobleaching vitro vivo cell...
Phase separation of biomolecules into condensates is a key mechanism in the spatiotemporal organization biochemical processes cells. However, impact material properties biomolecular on important processes, such as control gene expression, remains largely elusive. Here, optogenetically induced transcription factor are systematically tuned, and probed for their activation target promoters. It demonstrated that factors rather liquid correlate with increased expression levels, whereas stiffer...
The mechanical properties of biological cells have long been considered as inherent markers function and disease. However, the screening active sorting heterogeneous populations based on serial single-cell measurements has not demonstrated. Here we present a novel monolithic glass chip for combined fluorescence detection phenotyping using an optical stretcher. A new design manufacturing process, involving bonding two asymmetrically etched plates, combines exact fiber alignment, low laser...
Amphiphilic polymer-based drug delivery systems hold potential in enhancing pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy due to their ability simultaneously codeliver different drugs a controlled manner. We propose here facile method for synthesizing new amphiphilic polymer, farnesylated glycol chitosan (FGC), which self-assembles into nanoparticles upon being dispersed aqueous media. The characteristics of FGC nanoparticles, particular the size, could be tuned range from 200 500 nm by...
During cell spreading, cells undergo many changes to their architecture and mechanical properties. Vimentin, as an integral part of the architecture, its stability must adapt new state cell. This study focuses on structures formed by vimentin during first steps adhesion. Very early, ball-like structures, or "knots," are seen often filaments emerge in shape rings around nucleus. Although intermediate not known be associated motor proteins form contractile systems, these can nonetheless...
Migration of immune cells within the human body allows them to fulfill their main function detecting pathogens. We present experimental evidence showing optimality search strategy these cells, which is crucial importance achieve an efficient response. find that speed and directional persistence migrating dendritic in our vitro experiments are highly correlated, enables reduce time. introduce theoretically a new class random optimization problems by minimizing mean first-passage time (MFPT)...