Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a frequent and severe complication of diabetes that structurally characterized by glomerular basement membrane thickening, extracellular matrix accumulation, destabilization podocyte foot processes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in DN, but identification the specific miRs involved remains incomplete. Here, we confirm peripheral blood from patients with kidneys animals type 1 or 2 have low levels miR-23b compared those their nondiabetic counterparts....

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a synthetic material that has been widely used in industrial applications for decades. Exposure to PFOS associated with decreased adult testosterone level, and Leydig cell impairment during the time of adulthood. However, little known about effects utero on fetal cells (FLC).The present study investigated FLC function. Pregnant Sprague Dawley female rats received vehicle (0.05% Tween20) or (5, 20 mg/kg) by oral gavage from gestational day (GD) 11-19. At...

The influence of sweet taste sensitivity on food intake is not well understood. We investigated the involvement salivary leptin and SNP receptor genes (TAS1R2/TAS1R3) sensitivity, sensory-specific satiety (SSS) macronutrient in healthy human adults. In all, nineteen high (HS) eleven low (LS) subjects were classified based sweetness perception one solution (9 mm sucrose) forced-choice triangle test. All participants completed a randomised crossover design experiment where they consumed three...

Olfactory dysfunction is thought to be associated with reduced gray matter (GM) volume in olfactory-related brain areas. The aim of this study was determine GM structural changes within regions the patients smell loss due upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) before and after olfactory rehabilitation.Prospective intervention case-control study.Magnetic resonance imaging images were collected from 30 URTI 31 controls. Patients exposed themselves odors (olfactory training [OT]) over 12...

Influenza A virus (IVA) has been continuously causing pandemics in several animal hosts and become a worldwide public health threat. Currently, antiviral drugs have associated with lot of side effects limited activity against emerging drug-resistant influenza viruses. Therefore, the development novel is great importance. In this study, we synthesized kind carbon dots (CDs) high dispersibility from glycyrrhizic acid (GA) using simple dry heating method. Compared alone, GA-CDs exhibit superior...

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition and major cause of olfactory loss. Olfactory dysfunction has been associated with reduced bulb (OB) volume gray matter (GM) density in the olfactory‐related brain areas. The aim this study was to investigate GM structural OB alterations patients CRS. Methods Structural images were collected from 21 CRS 31 healthy controls on 3‐T scanner. Voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) performed GM. volumes measured using AMIRA...

Objective/Hypothesis A common, lasting condition from traumatic brain injury is impairment to smell. In patients with olfactory impairment, recent meta‐analyses have demonstrated that training consistently improves higher‐order functions, such as odor identification. The focus of this work was assess effects (OT) in posttraumatic loss through several metrics including psychophysical, bulb (OB) volume, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Methods...

Objective Food odors serve as powerful stimuli signaling the food quality and energy density direct food‐specific appetite consumption. This study explored obesity‐related brain activation in response to related high‐ or low‐energy‐dense foods. Methods Seventeen participants with obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ; 4 males 13 females) twenty‐one normal weight < 25 9 12 underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan which they received chocolate (high‐energy‐dense food) cucumber...

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by persistent albuminuria, progressive decline in GFR, and secondary hypertension. MicroRNAs are dysregulated diabetic nephropathy, but identification of the specific microRNAs involved remains incomplete. Here, we show that peripheral blood from patients with diabetes kidneys animals type 1 or 2 have low levels microRNA-25 (miR-25) compared those their nondiabetic counterparts. Furthermore, treatment high glucose decreased expression miR-25 cultured...

Removal of the olfactory bulb (OB) leads to depression like behavior in rodents. A link between and function is also established humans. We hypothesized that human OB volume relates depressive state tested whether such a potential coherence moderated by structural alterations other brain regions.Eighty-three participants (32 patients with major 51 matched healthy controls) underwent MR scanning. Individual volumes were compared controls impact comorbidity was analyzed multiple regression...

Olfactory loss and traumatic brain injury (TBI) both lead to anatomical alterations in humans. Little research has been done on the structural changes for TBI patients with olfactory loss. Using voxel-based morphometry, gray matter (GM) density was examined 22 hyposmia, 24 anosmia, age-matched controls. bulb (OB) volumes were measured by manual segmentation of acquired T2-weighted coronal slices using a standardized protocol. Brain lesions olfactory-relevant areas also patients. Results...

Objectives The objective of the present study was to investigate usefulness time-frequency analysis (TFA) olfactory-induced EEG change with a low-cost, portable olfactometer in clinical investigation smell function. Materials & methods A total 78 volunteers participated. composed three parts where olfactory stimuli were presented using custom-built olfactometer. Part I designed optimize stimulus as well recording conditions. In part II EEG-power changes after olfactory/trigeminal stimulation...

The association between substance addiction and Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been well known for many years. An depression also heavily investigated, in recent years evidence accumulated to indicate that ADHD increases the risk of depression, but causal nature these associations is still not understood. Due certain overlapping psychological characteristics, most prominent psychiatric comorbidities are problems. There strong familial neurobiological commonalities...

ABSTRACT Acute stress has been proposed to affect the ability detect or identify odors in humans. However, whether and how acute affects odor discrimination remain less explored. Forty‐six healthy males (mean age 21.3 ± 1.7 years) participated an psychosocial (Socially Evaluated Pressor Cold Test, SECPT) a control session randomized order. Odor performances were assessed using “Sniffin’ Sticks” test, binary mixture task (ABX task), enantiomer task. Salivary cortisol, subjective stress,...

Clinical studies have demonstrated the predictive values of changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters for preexisting myocardial ischemic infarction. However, a simple and early predictor subsequent development infarction during phase is significant value identification patients at high risk. The present study was undertaken by using non-human primate model to fulfill this gap. Twenty male Rhesus monkeys age 2–3 years old were subjected left anterior descending artery ligation. This...

Taste sensitivity relates to food preferences and macronutrients intake. The current study investigated whether the neural responses odors varied in sensory quality (sweet or non-sweet) their associations with macronutrient content (high- low-fat) young healthy participants sweet taste sensitivity. Thirty-eight were assessed for sucrose solutions using a modified "taste strip" test. They divided into high sweetness sensitive (HS, n ​= ​15) low (LS, groups median split approach. Brain four...