A5007864318- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- GABA and Rice Research
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Food composition and properties
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Digestive system and related health
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Plant Virus Research Studies
International Flavors & Fragrances (United States)
2021-2023
Thermo Fisher Scientific (United States)
2023
DuPont (United States)
2012-2020
Wisconsin Division of Public Health
2013-2018
Many bacteria rely on CRISPR-Cas systems to provide adaptive immunity against phages, predation by which can shape the ecology and functioning of microbial communities. To characterize impact CRISPR immunization phage genome evolution, we performed long-term bacterium-phage (Streptococcus thermophilus-phage 2972) coevolution experiments. We found that in this species, drives fixation single nucleotide polymorphisms accumulate exclusively regions targeted CRISPR. Mutation rates genomes highly...
The broad ecological distribution of L. casei makes it an insightful subject for research on genome evolution and lifestyle adaptation. To explore evolutionary mechanisms that determine genomic diversity casei, we performed comparative analysis 17 genomes representing strains collected from dairy, plant, human sources. Differences in inventory revealed open pan-genome comprised 1,715 core 4,220 accessory genes. Extrapolation data indicates has a supragenome approximately 3.2 times larger...
Recent advances in microbiome research have brought renewed focus on beneficial bacteria, many of which are available food and dietary supplements. Although probiotics historically been defined as microorganisms that convey health benefits when ingested sufficient viable amounts, this description now includes the stipulation "well strains," encompassing definitive taxonomy for consumer consideration regulatory oversight. Here, we evaluated 52 commercial supplements covering a range labeled...
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) function as prebiotics for beneficial bacteria in the developing gut, often dominated by Bifidobacterium spp. To understand relationship between bifidobacteria utilizing HMOs and how metabolites that are produced could affect host, we analyzed metabolism of HMO 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) longum subsp. infantis Bi-26. RNA-seq metabolite analysis (NMR/GCMS) was performed on samples at early (A600 = 0.25), mid-log (0.5-0.7) late-log phases (1.0-2.0) growth....
Bifidobacterium is a commensal bacterial genus ubiquitous in the human gastrointestinal tract, which associated with range of health benefits. The advent CRISPR-based genome editing technologies provides opportunities to investigate genetics important bacteria and transcend lack genetic tools bifidobacteria study basis for their health-promoting attributes. Here, we repurpose endogenous type I-G CRISPR-Cas system adopt an exogenous CRISPR base editor engineering B. animalis subsp. lactis,...
Although probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are generally considered safe by various regulatory agencies, safety properties, such as absence of transferable antibiotic resistance, must still be determined for each strain prior to market introduction a probiotic. Safety requirements probiotics vary regionally evaluation methods not standardized, therefore methodologies often adopted from food ingredients or chemicals assess microbial safety. Four individual strains, Lactobacillus...
The current standard for enumeration of probiotics to obtain colony forming units by plate counts has several drawbacks: long time results, high variability and the inability discern between bacterial strains. Accurate probiotic cell are important confirm delivery a clinically documented dose its associated health benefits. A method is described using chip-based digital PCR (cdPCR) enumerate Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM both as single strains in...
Traditional microbiological enumeration methods have long been employed as the standard evaluation procedure for probiotic microorganisms. These are labor intensive, long-time to results and inherently a high degree of variability – up 35%. As clinical microbiome science continues grow develop, it is increasingly important that researchers thoroughly define deliver targeted dose. Furthermore, establish quality commercial products, same dosage level must be administered consumers. An ISO...
Commercial probiotic bacteria must be tested for acquired antibiotic resistance elements to avoid potential transfer pathogens. The European Food Safety Authority recommends testing using microdilution culture techniques previously used establish inhibitory thresholds the Bifidobacterium genus. Many animalis subsp. lactis strains exhibit increased tetracycline, historically attributed ribosomal protection gene tet(W). However, some that harbor genetically identical tet(W) genes show various...
Abstract Background Of the many neurotransmitters in humans, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shows potential for improving several mental health indications such as stress and anxiety. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is an important pathway GABAergic effects, microbially-secreted GABA within gut can affect host outcomes. Understanding molecular characteristics of production by microbes offer insight to novel therapies health. Results Three strains Levilactobacillus brevis with syntenous...
The present study introduces a novel triple-phase (liquids, solids, and gases) approach, which employed uniformly labeled [U-13C] polydextrose (PDX) for the selective profiling of metabolites generated from dietary fiber fermentation in an vitro colon simulator using human fecal inocula. Employing 13C NMR spectroscopy, PDX metabolism was observed colonic digest samples. major 13C-labeled were acetate, butyrate, propionate, valerate. In addition to these short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),...
An in vitro model of the upper gastrointestinal tract as well chicken cecum was developed to have a predictive tool for estimating production performance animals by analyzing feeding value certain diet. The consists batch type model, whereas cecal is comprised 4 semi-continuous connected vessels inoculated with or fecal microbes. and simulations were both run corn- wheat-based diet simulate 2 typical feed types. Samples collected after 5-h aliquots frozen assess inoculum stability....
Probiotic health benefits are now well-recognized to be strain specific. characterization and identification is thus important in clinical research the probiotic industry. This becoming especially with reports of products failing meet declared content, potentially compromising their efficacy. Availability reliable methods essential for authentication during discovery, evaluation commercialization a strain. study aims develop strains Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DSM 15954 Bi-07...
Influenza A virus infection is a major global disease requiring annual vaccination. Clinical studies indicate that certain probiotics may support immune function against influenza and other respiratory viruses, but direct molecular evidence scarce. Here, mice were treated with placebo or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 (Bl-04) orally via food (cereal) also by gavage exposed to H1N1 (H1N1). The symptoms of the observed, tissues digesta collected for viral load RT-qPCR,...