A5068832095- Birth, Development, and Health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Dietetics, Nutrition, and Education
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
University College London
2016-2025
Great Ormond Street Hospital
2017-2025
University College Hospital
2024
Institute of Child Health
1994-2024
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
2021-2024
Institute of Child Health
2023-2024
Ormond (United States)
2024
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2001-2023
University of Kentucky
2005-2023
Faculty (United Kingdom)
2023
Objectives. A randomized, masked, controlled trial was conducted to assess effects of supplementing premature infant formulas with oils containing the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n6), and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6n3) on growth, visual acuity, multiple indices development. Methods. Infants (N = 470) birth weights 750 1800 g were assigned within 72 hours first enteral feeding 1 3 formula groups or without acids: 1) control 144), 2) AA+DHA from fish/fungal...
Attacks of wheezing induced by upper respiratory viral infections are common in preschool children between the ages 10 months and 6 years. A short course oral prednisolone is widely used to treat with who present a hospital, but there conflicting evidence regarding its efficacy this age group.We conducted randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing 5-day (10 mg once day for 24 20 older children) placebo 700 60 months. The presented three hospitals England an attack...
BackgroundWe describe post-COVID symptomatology in a non-hospitalised, national sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared matched negative PCR status.MethodsIn this cohort study, from the Public Health England database who tested positive for between January and March, 2021, were by month test, age, sex, geographical region to negative. 3 months after testing, subsample contacted complete detailed questionnaire, which collected data on...
The aim of this study was to derive a research definition for 'Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition)' in children and young people (CYP) allow comparisons between studies.A three-phase online Delphi process used, followed by consensus meeting. Participants were presented with 49 statements each phase scored them from 1 9 based on how important they inclusion the Long CYP. meeting held achieve representation across stakeholder groups. Statements agreed at reviewed participants Patient Public...
Introduction There is uncertainty surrounding the diagnosis, prevalence, phenotype, duration and treatment of Long COVID. This study aims to (A) describe clinical phenotype post-COVID symptomatology in children young people (CYP) with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared test-negative controls, (B) produce an operational definition COVID CYP, (C) establish its prevalence CYP. Methods analysis A cohort SARS-CoV-2-positive CYP aged 11–17 years age, sex geographically matched...
BackgroundMental health difficulties are common in children and young people with chronic conditions, but many of those need do not access evidence-based psychological treatments. The study aim was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness integrated mental treatment for epilepsy, a condition known be associated particularly high rate co-occurring difficulties.MethodsWe conducted parallel group, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial participants aged 3–18 years, attending...
Background— Being born small for gestational age is associated with later risk factors cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure. Promotion of postnatal growth has been proposed to ameliorate these effects. There evidence in animals and infants prematurely, however, that promotion by increased nutrition increases rather than decreases risk. We report the long-term impact term (birth weight <10th percentile). Methods Results— Blood pressure was measured at 6 8 years 153 299 (51%)...
A prospective study of retinopathy prematurity (ROP) 505 infants who weighed <1701 g at birth was undertaken in the mid-1980s. This cohort traced 10 to 12 years age determine how low weight alone and ROP might influence their ophthalmic outcome.Outcome measures were 1) visual functions (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity, perimetry, color vision), 2) presence strabismus, 3), measurements eye size dimensions its components including refractive state. total 169 11-year-olds born...
Maternal nutrient restriction at specific stages of gestation has differential effects on fetal development such that the offspring are programmed to be increased risk adult disease. We investigated effect gestational age and maternal nutrition plasma concentration leptin cortisol together with adipose tissue deposition plus leptin, IGF-I, IGF-II ligand, receptor mRNA abundance near term. Singleton bearing ewes were either restricted (NR; consuming 3.2–3.8 MJ/d metabolizable energy) or fed...
The present study examines the effects of late vs. early gestation undernutrition on adult glucose-insulin homeostasis in sheep and investigates whether lower birth weight twins alters handling life. Pregnant were fed to requirement (100% intake) from day 0 term [ approximately 147 days (dGA), control singles (CS) n = 5; (CT) 5] or 50% 0-30 dGA [nutrient restricted during (NRE); 110-term [NR nutrition (NRL); 4]. At all other times, NR received 100% intake. All lambed naturally; offspring...
Generalised lipodystrophy of the Berardinelli-Seip type (BSCL) is a rare autosomal recessive human disorder with severe adverse metabolic consequences. A gene on chromosome 9 (<i>BSCL1</i>) has recently been identified, predominantly in African-American families. More recently, mutations previously undescribed unknown function (<i>BSCL2</i>) 11, termed <i>seipin</i>, have found to be responsible for this number European and Middle Eastern We studied genotype/phenotype relationships 70...
Objective To determine whether maternal influenza virus infection in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy results transplacental transmission infection, auto‐antibody production or an increase complications pregnancy. Design Case‐control cohort study. Population Study control cohorts were derived from 3975 women who consecutively delivered at two Nottingham teaching hospitals between May 1993 July 1994. A complete set three sera was available for 1659 women. Methods Paired ante‐...
Abstract The production and activation of matrix-degrading proteinases such as the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) by lymphocytes is likely to be an important factor in facilitating lymphocyte trafficking through endothelial barrier extracellular matrix. Leukocyte infiltration into inflammatory sites occurs a response members chemokine superfamily other mediators. In present study, highly purified leukocyte subpopulations were cultured with or without chemokines cytokines, their ability...
Objectives. Preterm infants are frequently discharged from the hospital growth retarded and show reduced throughout childhood. In a large efficacy safety trial, we tested hypothesis that nutritional intervention in first 9 months postterm would reverse postdischarge deficits improve neurodevelopment without adverse outcomes. Participants intervention. Two hundred eighty-four (mean gestation: 30.9 weeks) were studied; 229 randomly assigned protein, energy, mineral, micronutrient-enriched...
We tested the hypothesis that balanced addition of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) to preterm formula during first weeks life would confer long-term neurodevelopmental advantage in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial with and without preformed LCPUFA.The participants were 195 formula-fed infants (birth weight <1750 g, gestation <37 weeks) from 2 UK neonatal units 88 breast milk-fed infants. Main outcome measures Bayley Mental Developmental Index (MDI) Psychomotor...
To describe the common medical presenting problems of children attending a paediatric emergency department (ED) compared with 10 years previously.A retrospective review electronic patient record and comparison previous cohort.A UK university hospital ED.A cohort young people aged 0-15 who attended ED between 7 February 2007 6 2008 (n=39 394) historical from earlier.Information on problem, demographic data source referral were collected. Presenting ranked comparisons made using difference...
A Malhotra and colleagues explain how why a US initiative to get doctors stop using interventions with no benefit is being brought the UK
International studies on childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) have focused whole-country mean HbA1c levels, thereby concealing potential variations within countries. We aimed to explore the in across and eight high-income countries best inform international benchmarking policy recommendations.Data were collected between 2013 2014 from 64,666 children with T1D who <18 years of age 528 centers Germany, Austria, England, Wales, U.S., Sweden, Denmark, Norway. used fixed- random-effects models...