Significance There is an urgent need for new antibiotics active against resistant bacterial pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Target-directed drug development provides a potential path to such drugs, and essential gene products represent targets. Accordingly, the work reported here defines highly verified set of functions P. required growth under variety different conditions.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the most important transboundary and emerging diseases in cattle. The causes significant economic losses animal production trade worldwide. first LSD outbreak was recorded March 2021, at Roi-Et province northeastern region Thailand. Thereafter, had rapidly spread into neighbouring provinces throughout country. aim present study to provide information regarding molecular detection characterization viruses from outbreaks Thailand 2021. There were 1,748,112...

Abstract In Thailand, leptospirosis is primarily associated with those who work in agricultural occupations. Leptospirosis control hampered by a poor understanding of the complex interactions between humans, animal reservoirs, Leptospira , and variable spatial environment which these factors coexist. We aimed to address key knowledge gaps concerning disease dynamics human–animal–water-source interface two high-risk areas Thailand. conducted cross-sectional survey among 746 study participants...

Crocodilians are susceptible to a range of virus infection including influenza A (IAV). However, little is known about the ecology and epidemiology IAV in crocodile species. This study aimed investigate farmed Siamese crocodiles central Thailand. We collected plasma samples pharyngeal swab from residing 13 farms 9 provinces Thailand during 2019. Additional archival 2012 2018 were also included study. Plasma screened for antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay positive evaluated...

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an overwhelming, rapidly fatal septic infection, and B. thailandensis a closely related, less virulent species. Both organisms are naturally competent for DNA transformation, this report describes procedure exploiting property rapid generation marked deletion mutations by using PCR products. The method was employed to create 61 mutant strains. Several selectable elements were employed, including carrying loxP FRT recombinase...

Chlamydiosis, an infection caused by several Chlamydia species, has been reported in Nile, saltwater, and Siamese crocodiles. Despite its widespread reports various countries, including Thailand, genetic information on species remains limited. This study presents a whole-genome-based characterization of crocodile-isolated Chlamydia. The results showed that crocodile contained single circular chromosome with size 1.22–1.23 Mbp plasmid 7.7–8.0 kbp. A containing eight coding sequences (CDSs)...

Abstract The increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) emphasises the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents as alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriophage therapy is one most promising strategies. Here, we isolated and comprehensively characterized a phage, vB_SauM_VL10 (VL10), from urban sewage. VL10 genome displays 141,746 bp linear double-stranded DNA, containing 193 open reading frames lacking tRNA, virulence, or antibiotic resistance genes....

The successful culture of Leptospira spp. from the environment is challenging. Here, we optimized isolation water samples spiked with different species and initial concentrations this organism. time periods between sampling process were varied (0, 2, 4 weeks). Bacterial cultures observed under a microscope, graded for cell density, weekly, 12 weeks. Most pathogenic difficult to all conditions. All conditions novel subclade P1 positive within 2 For P2, storing weeks prior resulted in more...

Chlamydia is a known pathogen in both saltwater and freshwater crocodiles. However, the exact species/strain has not been clearly identified. In this study, we successfully cultivated Siamese crocodile McCoy cells at temperature of 30°C. Electron microscopy; phylogeny based on nine conserved taxonomically informative markers, ompA, or seven housekeeping genes; whole-genome sequencing analysis isolate confirmed identity as new member genus Chlamydia, species that name crocodili.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notable nosocomial pathogen that can cause severe infections in humans and animals. The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. has motivated the development phages to treat infections. In this study, novel phage, vB_PaeS_VL1 (VL1), was isolated from urban sewage. Phylogenetic analyses revealed VL1 species genus Litunavirus subfamily Migulavirinae. virulent phage as no genes encoding lysogeny, toxins or antibiotic resistance were identified. therapeutic...

We collected water and soil samples from a waterfall in Thailand to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic Leptospira. Isolation Leptospira all 17 environmental was successful. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, diverse group species recovered including 2 (Leptospira alstonii [5/17, 29%] kmetyi [1/17, 6%]); 1 intermediate wolffii [9/17, 53%]); non-pathogenic meyeri 6%] idonii 6%]). The high prevalence indicates that may serve as natural reservoir possible pathogens leptospirosis.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious caused by SARS-CoV-2. Given the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, continuous surveillance in animals important. To monitor infection wildlife Thailand, we collected 62 blood samples and nine nasal- rectal-swab from captive tigers (Panthera tigris) Ratchaburi province Thailand during 2020-2021. A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was employed to detect neutralizing antibodies. real-time RT-PCR assay performed RNA. Our findings...

Abstract Phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes are key virulence factors in several pathogenic bacteria. Burkholderia pseudomallei , the causative agent of melioidosis, possesses at least three plc genes ( plc1 plc2 and plc3 ). We found that culture medium gene expression increased with increasing pH, whilst was pH (4.5 to 9.0) independent. Expression not detected medium. All were expressed during macrophage infection by B. K96243. Comparing wild-type mutants revealed plc2, plc12 or plc123 showed...

Influenza virus is known to affect wild felids. To explore the prevalence of influenza viruses in these animal species, 196 archival sera from 5 felid species including Panthera tigris (N=147), Prionailurus viverrinus (N=35), leo (N=5), Pardofelis temminckii (N=8) and Neofelis nebulosa (N=1) collected between 2011 2015 10 provinces Thailand were determined for presence antibody avian human viruses. Blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay hemagglutination inhibition (HI) employed...

For a decade, chlamydial and herpesvirus infections have caused significant morbidity mortality in farmed crocodiles. In September 2017, total of 160 juvenile freshwater Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) with conjunctivitis/pharyngitis lesions were admitted at the Veterinary Aquatic Animal Research Health Care Unit, Faculty Science, Mahidol University. All did not respond well to antibiotics or supportive treatments died. This study aimed detect identify causative agents associated...

Little is known about the ecology of influenza A virus (IAV) in nonhuman primates (NHPs). We conducted active surveillance IAV among 672 cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living 27 free-ranging colonies Thailand between March and November 2019. hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay was employed as screening test against 16 subtypes avian (AIV) two strains H1 subtype human virus. The serum samples with HI titers ≥20 were further confirmed by microneutralization (MN) assay. Real-time...

We performed Leptospira culture analysis of 76 clinical samples collected from animals and six soil for the investigation a leptospirosis outbreak in southern Thailand 2017. Leptospires were recovered kidney sample (a fatal canine case) all samples. Next, 16S rRNA sequence demonstrated that isolate was closely related to pathogenic L. interrogans, whereas isolates represented different species, including ellisii, intermediate wolffii, nonpathogenic yanagawae. Multilocus typing identified an...

We investigated the genotypes of Leptospira spp. detected in symptomatic dogs Thailand. During April to December 2012, 6 out 41 client-owned were diagnosed with leptospirosis based on polymerase chain reaction tests. All infected showed clinical symptoms related leptospirosis. Direct genotyping causative agent canine was conducted from archival DNA samples extracted urine or blood those dogs. Sequencing partial 16S rRNA and lipL32 genes all identified (L.) interrogans as infecting species....

The pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza (H1N1pdm09) virus has affected both human and animal populations worldwide. transmission of the H1N1pdm09 from humans to animals is increasingly more evident. Captive animals, particularly zoo are at risk infection through close contact with humans. Evidence exposure been reported in several species captivity. However, there limited information on circulation captive animals. To extend body knowledge among Thailand, our study investigated presence...

Leptospira is the causative agent of leptospirosis, a globally emerging zoonotic disease. The infection commonly acquired through contact with contaminated environment. To extend knowledge on environmental source we investigated presence in an elephant camp setting where interaction between humans, animals, and shared environment occur particularly when engaging recreational activities. In this study, total 24 samples were collected from area western Thailand. All processed for isolation...

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically devastating and transboundary in cattle. Here, we report the coding-complete genome sequence of LSDV72/PrachuapKhiriKhan/Thailand/2021 strain, which was isolated from affected cow during first LSD outbreak Thailand 2021. The will be beneficial for future genomic studies virus.

Epidemiological data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in companion animals have been thoroughly investigated many countries. However, information the neutralizing cross-reactivity against variants is still limited. Here, we explored antibodies cats and dogs between May 2020 December 2021 during first wave (a Wuhan-Hu-1-dominant period) fourth Delta-dominant of Thailand COVID-19 outbreak. Archival plasma samples 1,304 1,795 (total = 3,099) submitted for diagnosis health checks were collected at...

Leptospirosis is a globally neglected zoonotic disease with significant morbidity and mortality in dogs, particularly resource-limited settings.

Abstract Background Although Chlamydia sp. causes widespread disease outbreaks in juvenile crocodiles Thailand, data regarding the epidemiology, and risk factors of such infections are limited. The aim this study was to investigate prevalence possible associated with on Siamese crocodile ( Crocodylus siamensis ) farms Thailand. A cross-sectional conducted from July December 2019. Samples were collected 40 across six regions Conjunctival, pharyngeal, cloacal swab samples analyzed for...