A5045886938- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- ZnO doping and properties
- Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Medieval European History and Architecture
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen
2007-2024
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
2024
Calspan-University of Buffalo Research Center
2022
Thüringisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie
2007-2017
RWTH Aachen University
2014
Tulane University
2001-2008
Babcock & Wilcox (United States)
1963
Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years
The Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Europe is associated with the regional disappearance of Neanderthals and spread Homo sapiens. Late persisted western several millennia after occurrence H. sapiens eastern
Middle Pleistocene Homo in the Levant Our understanding of origin, distribution, and evolution early humans their close relatives has been greatly refined by recent new information. Adding to this trend, Hershkovitz et al. have uncovered evidence a previously unknown archaic population, “Nesher Ramla ” (see Perspective Mirazon Lahr). The authors present comprehensive qualitative quantitative analyses fossilized remains from site Israel dated 140,000 120,000 years ago indicating presence...
The spread of Homo sapiens into new habitats across Eurasia ~45,000 years ago and the concurrent disappearance Neanderthals represents a critical evolutionary turnover in our species' history. 'Transitional' technocomplexes, such as Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician (LRJ), characterize European record during this period but their makers significance have long remained unclear. New evidence from Ilsenhöhle Ranis, Germany, now provides secure connection LRJ to H. remains dated ago, making it...
Recent excavations at Ranis (Germany) identified an early dispersal of Homo sapiens into the higher latitudes Europe by 45,000 years ago. Here we integrate results from zooarchaeology, palaeoproteomics, sediment DNA and stable isotopes to characterize ecology, subsistence diet these H. sapiens. We assessed all bone remains (n = 1,754) 2016-2022 through morphology 1,218) or palaeoproteomics (zooarchaeology mass spectrometry 536) species proteome investigation 212)). Dominant taxa include...
The straight-tusked elephants Palaeoloxodon spp. were widespread across Eurasia during the Pleistocene. Phylogenetic reconstructions using morphological traits have grouped them with Asian (Elephas maximus), and many paleontologists place within Elephas. Here, we report recovery of full mitochondrial genomes from four partial nuclear two P. antiquus fossils. These fossils collected at sites in Germany, Neumark-Nord Weimar-Ehringsdorf, likely date to interglacial periods ~120 ~244 thousand...
Using site-specific soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy in conjunction with photoelectron spectroscopy, we present measurements of the valence conduction band states NiO. Significant hybridization between Ni O electronic near Fermi energy is observed throughout both bands, accordance density-functional theory calculations also presented. The relationship our shows direct similarities to other techniques used measure non-dipole-allowed $d\text{\penalty1000-\hskip0pt}d$ transitions...
High-throughput proteomic analysis of archaeological skeletal remains provides information about past fauna community compositions and species dispersals in time space. Archaeological are a finite resource, however, therefore it becomes relevant to optimize methods proteome extraction. Ancient proteins bone specimens can be highly degraded consequently, extraction for well-preserved or modern might unsuitable the processing proteomes. In this study, we compared six on Late Pleistocene with...
This paper presents a study of the calculated electronic properties Zn-based II--VI dilute magnetic semiconductors in ${\text{Zn}}_{22}{A}_{2}{B}_{24}$ structure, where $A=\text{Cr}$, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, $B=\text{S}$, Se, Te. In this we investigate local densities states ions host semiconductor, exchange interactions as function transition-metal ion separation orientation, origins coupling, tendency for impurity atoms to cluster creating rich regions---at least thermodynamically, moments....
We present a new geomagnetic field measurement system for the detection of archaeological signatures in soil. The provides unique fast mapping large areas with high magnetic gradient resolution as well lateral precision. data acquired by device are geographically referenced and suitable embedding geographic information (GIS).
Abstract We designed and constructed two non-planar coils with high-temperature superconductors (HTS) based on shapes from the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. Tape track orientation of HTS was optimized to reduce coil size as much possible while staying within strain limits gadolinium barium copper oxide (GdBCO) superconductor. This resulted in average radii 0.23 m 0.48 at up 0.45% for that were chosen. The produced by winding GdBCO tapes onto 3D-printed plastic frames. confirmed integrity...
The mapping of the Earth's magnetic field or gradient is a proven method in surface exploration and archaeometry. Caesium vapour magnetometers show best resolution commercial devices, but their sampling frequency limited to 10 Hz. Using SQUIDs it possible achieve same even better with as high 100 Hz more. This allows significantly shorter acquisition times, which essential for large objects. In this paper we check performance our developed systems on neolithic double-ring ditch enclosure...
Abstract A geomagnetic field measurement system for the detection of archaeological signatures in subsoil is presented based on superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The provides fast mapping large areas with high magnetic gradient resolution as well lateral precision. acquired data are geographically referenced and also altitude profile given. properties were tested intensively at Neolithic double‐ring ditch enclosure Niederzimmern near Weimar, Germany. Differences signal...
Das Tollensetal in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ist den letzten Jahren durch die Entdeckung zahlreicher Menschenreste, z.T. Verletzungen zeigen, und zweier Holzkeulen aus der älteren Nordischen Bronzezeit Blickpunkt Forschung gerückt. Die ungewöhnlichen, ca. 3300–3200 Jahre alten Funde konnten auf einer Länge von 1,5 km entlang des Flusses an verschiedenen Stellen nachgewiesen werden. Mit Unterstützung DFG haben seit dem Sommer 2010 neben Ausgrabungen auch intensive Tauchprospektionen...
Mapping of the Earth's magnetic field or its gradient is a widely used method in archaeological prospection. The use SQUID's promises to be advantageous for archaeometry, since they combine high resolution with large bandwidth. Compared conventional Cs vapor sensors SQUIDs can much faster mapping, allowing, first time, investigation huge features reasonable time period. We have investigated several SQUID systems their usability archaeometry by measuring Neolithic double ring ditch enclosure....
Soft x-ray emission and absorption spectra of the Mn ${L}_{2,3}$-edge were obtained from diluted magnetic semiconductor ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.90}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{0.10}\mathrm{S}$, interpreted with aid first-principles computations densities states. The calculations reveal that $d$ states near Fermi energy show interesting spin polarization, are strongly hybridized neighboring S atoms, indicative $sp\text{\penalty1000-\hskip0pt}d$ hybridization typical dilute semiconductors. Resonant inelastic...
Abstract A unique system for geomagnetic archaeometry is presented. It uses extremely sensitive superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) as magnetic field sensors, laid out intrinsic gradiometers. These sensors are mounted on a non‐metallic cart, which guarantees smooth movement even at high speeds. Using differential global positioning (GPS) together with an inertial the measured gradient data located mapped area centimetre resolution and height profile also provided using GPS....
We describe the use of high T/sub c/ flip-chip dc SQUID magnetometers in systems for several geophysical prospection methods. For Transient Electro Magnetics (TEM) method, a one-channel magnetometer system (vertical field component) was adapted to rough conditions field. report on measurements South Africa over geophysically interesting target real production mode. Transients up 200 ms could be recorded, which is about factor 100 more than with conventional coils. investigation magnetic...
Spectra for the manganese $3s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2p$ x-ray emission after resonant and nonresonant photon excitation of a $2p$ electron are presented metallic manganese, ${\mathrm{MnF}}_{2}$, $\mathrm{MnO}$, ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$. The absorption spectra compared with results free-ion calculations ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}$. experimental spectrum ${\mathrm{MnF}}_{2}$ is in very good agreement calculation ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$, while other compounds found to be superposition...
Non-dipole 3p → 2p x-ray emission was observed for the first time after resonant and non-resonant production of a core hole in solid cobalt, nickel, copper oxide. In all materials studied, this follows Raman scattering behaviour. Its energy its intensity relative to 3s 2p3/2 transition are compared with free ion Hartree–Fock calculation. The non-dipole is good agreement calculations, but measured about one order magnitude larger than calculations predict. A compression or distortion orbital...