ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDVs), belonging to the family Birnaviridae , exhibit a wide range of immunosuppressive potential, pathogenicity, and virulence for chickens. The genomic segment A encodes all structural (VP2, VP4, VP3) nonstructural proteins, whereas B viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (VP1). To identify molecular determinants virulence, pathogenic phenotype, cell tropism IBDV, we prepared full-length cDNA clones virulent strain, Irwin Moulthrop (IM),...

The development and progression of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is influenced by the intestinal microbiota. Astaxanthin, a type oxygenated carotenoid with strong antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, has been proven to relieve injury. However, relationship between gut microbiota regulation effect astaxanthin AFLD improvement remains unclear. effects on phenotype, overall structure, composition were assessed in ethanol-fed C57BL/6J mice. results showed that treatment significantly...

Abstract Proso millet starch was modified by heat–moisture treatment (HMT), autoclaving (AT), and microwave (MT). The effects of these treatments on the physicochemical, structural, molecular properties were investigated. amylose resistant contents increased AT MT, but only slightly HMT. HMT significantly water‐holding capacity, to 172.66% 191.63%, respectively. X‐ray diffractometry showed that relative crystallinity sample decreased 20.88%, crystalline peaks disappeared from MT patterns....

Ginsenosides Rg1 is one of the major pharmacologically active saponins in ginseng, which as an antioxidant reduces oxidative damage liver and can also be used to prevent cardiovascular diseases diabetes. However, there no research targeting effect lipid metabolism high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. In this study, we evaluated anti-obesity effects 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J Administration mice significantly decreased body weight, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels....

Metabolic rearrangement is a marker of cancer that has been widely studied in recent years. One the major metabolic characteristics tumor cells high levels glycolysis, even under aerobic conditions, phenomenon called “Warburg effect.” We investigated expression and copy number variation (CNV) frequency all glycolysis‐related genes multiple types found many differentially expressed genes, particularly clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) showed overall average...

The objective of this study was to explore the physicochemical stability and in vitro digestibility astaxanthin (AST)-loaded Pickering emulsions stabilized by zein Adzuki bean seed coat polyphenol (ABSCP) covalent nanoparticles. Compared zein-alone emulsion (ZE), ABSCP fabrication improved (ZAE) against ionic strength high-temperature treatment. Furthermore, ratio AST remaining ZAE after exposure high levels UV light irradiation higher than 90%. Due change electrostatic repulsion during...

Recent studies have demonstrated that Notch signaling is critically involved in the regulation of immune response and contributes to autoimmune pathogenesis. Here, was found be activated CD4+ T cells synovial tissue from collagen-induced arthritis mice. In vivo administration γ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-l-alanyl)]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) substantially reduced severity arthritic symptoms joint damage Notably, DAPT treatment significantly suppressed Th1-...

Rg2-induced activation of AMPK reduced the expression adipogenic transcription factors, and regulated lipogenic lipolysis genes, thus inhibiting adipogenesis.

Zeaxanthin (ZEA) increased UCP1 expression and promoted the of brown adipogenic markers mitochondrial biogenesis, which involved AMPKα1 activation.

Zeaxanthin, a type of carotenoid, has been proven to exhibit anti-lipogenesis effect; however, the detailed mechanism this effect is less known. Herein, we evaluated effects zeaxanthin on inhibition adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and obesity high-fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice. Zeaxanthin significantly decreased intracellular lipid content dose-dependent manner (5-15 μM) without causing cytotoxicity. In high-fat-diet-induced obese mice, oral administration 20 mg kg-1 attenuated progression...

Abstract Rapid starch digestion rate is negative for the normal level of human blood glucose. This study investigated protective effects corn (CS) complexed with soy isoflavone (SI) on control digestibility and glycemic index (GI). The structure starch–soy (CS‐SI) complexes was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), evaluated using in vitro model. results FT‐IR spectrum showed...

The preservation of ultra high pressure (UHP) and magnetic field (MF) technologies on food have been reported, but the effect combined treatment (UHP-MF) aquatic product quality is rarely explored. purposes this study were to investigate effects UHP-MF protein properties deterioration stored Litopenaeus Vannamei. vacuum-packed shrimps treated at 200 300 MPa for 5 min, then in mT MF 12 days. Results showed hardness, springiness, chewiness, shear force, L*, a*, b*, W muscle improved by UHP,...

Ginsenoside Rd is a protopanaxadiol abundant in Panax ginseng and notoginseng. It has been reported that ginsenoside possesses various health benefits, such as anti-diabetic, anti-tumor anti-inflammatory. This work explored the effects of on hyperglycemia gut microbiota streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Results showed 5-week (20 mg/kg) treatment significantly improved Besides, promoted glycogen synthesis via activating Akt pathway. also inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis, which was...

ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), the causative agent of a highly contagious in chickens, carries small nonstructural protein (NS). This has been implicated to play role induction apoptosis. In this study, we investigate kinetics viral replication during single round and examine mechanism IBDV-induced Our results show that it is caspase dependent activates caspases 3 9. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) also activated required for The NF-κB inhibitor MG132 completely inhibited...

Summary Mixtures of proso millet starch with zein (15%, w/v), soy protein isolate ( SPI , 15%, w/v) and whey WPI 10%, as starch–protein composites were prepared through heat–moisture treatment, the effects addition on physicochemical, structural digestibility properties investigated. Rapid Visco Analysis showed that zein, gave significantly decreased setback values to 240.7cp, 192.0cp 83.0cp, respectively, reflected excellent cold paste properties. Thermal analysis each reduced enthalpy, but...

Adzuki bean seed coat is an underutilized by-product of the adzuki paste process, rich in insoluble dietary fibers and bound polyphenols, which have diverse bioactivities. This work aimed to investigate content polyphenols fiber (AIDF) their effects on structure, physicochemical properties, functional properties fiber. Alkaline treatment was used remove from AIDF, resulting dephenolized (AIDF-DF). The FT-IR, XRD SEM results showed that there no considerable structural difference between AIDF...