A5067986579- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Lymphatic System and Diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Insects and Parasite Interactions
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Travel-related health issues
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
Washington University in St. Louis
2015-2024
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2011-2016
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2008-2016
Vanderbilt University
2005-2014
Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
2011-2014
Center for Global Health
2011-2014
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
2014
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2013
Emory University
2013
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2003-2004
During 2009 and 2010, 2 clusters of organ transplant-transmitted Balamuthia mandrillaris, a free-living ameba, were detected by recognition severe unexpected illness in multiple recipients from the same donor.We investigated all donors through interview, medical record review, testing available specimens retrospectively. Surviving tested treated prospectively.In cluster illness, kidney infected 1 died. The donor had encephalitis confirmed on autopsy. In 2010 cluster, liver kidney-pancreas...
The orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related (ERR) alpha is a downstream effector of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1alpha in regulation genes important for mitochondrial oxidative capacity. also potent activator program required hepatic gluconeogenesis, and particular key gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). We report here that regulatory sequences PEPCK gene harbor functional ERRalpha binding site. However, contrast to co-stimulating effects on expression,...
The World Health Organization's Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) has reduced LF transmission worldwide, but millions remain affected by filarial lymphedema. Tools for clinically monitoring lymphedema in developing nations are limited. We tested a novel, portable, infrared three-dimensional imaging system (3DIS) against water displacement (WD) and tape measurement of limb circumference (TMLC) among patients with leg Galle, Sri Lanka. Outcomes were accuracy reproducibility...
Few community studies have measured the incidence, severity and etiology of acute respiratory illness (ARI) among children living at high-altitude in remote rural settings.
Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) infects approximately 120 million people worldwide. As many as 40 have symptoms of LF disease, including lymphedema, elephantiasis, and hydrocele. India constitutes 45% the world's burden LF. The Indian NGO Church's Auxiliary for Social Action (CASA) has been conducting a community-based lymphedema management program in Orissa State since 2007 that aims to reduce morbidity associated with elephantiasis. objective this analysis is evaluate effects on...
In 2008, a large Salmonella outbreak caused by contamination of the municipal drinking water supply occurred in Alamosa, Colorado. The objectives this assessment were to determine full economic costs associated with and long-term health impacts on community Alamosa. We conducted postal survey City Alamosa (2008 population: 8,746) households businesses, in-depth interviews local, state, nongovernmental agencies, healthcare facilities schools assess outbreak. Twenty-one percent household...
Introduction The disease burden and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) human metapneumovirus (MPV) infections among children living in remote, rural areas remain unclear. Materials Methods We conducted a prospective, household-based cohort study of aged <3 years remote highland communities San Marcos, Cajamarca, Peru. Acute illnesses (ARI), including lower tract infection (LRTI), were monitored through weekly household visits from March 2009 September 2011. Nasal swabs...
Abstract Background. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are frequently detected in children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) but also asymptomatic children. We compared features of ARI HRV species (A, B, C) and determined genotypes associated repeated detections within individuals. Methods. used clinical data samples obtained from &lt;3 years old during weekly active household-based surveillance. A random subset which was individuals both an period 120 days the were genotyped. Features...
Abstract Background As new lymphatic filariasis infections are eliminated through mass chemotherapy, previously affected individuals left with the sequellae, especially chronic progressive lymphoedema. Currently this is managed by careful attention to limb hygiene prevent infection. Studies over past 15 years have suggested that incorporation of doxycycline treatment may arrest or even reverse progression Most work has been observational based on small studies, and if intervention effective,...
Lymphedema management programs have been shown to decrease episodes of adenolymphangitis (ADLA), but the impact on lymphedema progression and program compliance not thoroughly explored. Our objectives were determine rate ADLA over time for patients enrolled in a community-based program. We explored association between as well progression.A was implemented Odisha State, India from 2007-2010 by non-governmental organization, Church's Auxiliary Social Action, consultation with Centers Disease...
The Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) relies on rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) determine where annual mass drug administration for LF is required and when it can be stopped. These detect a Wuchereria bancrofti glycoprotein in the blood of infected persons via carbohydrate moiety recognized by monoclonal antibodies AD12 DH6.5. Loiasis cross-reactivity with RDTs has recently been as serious obstacle elimination loiasis-endemic areas. To better understand nature this...
Achieving target coverage levels for mass drug administration (MDA) is essential to elimination and control efforts several neglected tropical diseases (NTD). To ensure program goals are met, reported by distributors may be validated through household surveys that rely on respondent recall. This the first study assess accuracy in such surveys.Recall was tested a series of conducted at 1, 6, 12 months after an integrated MDA Togo during which three drugs (albendazole, ivermectin,...
Filarial lymphedema (LE) remains a significant global problem despite the progress made toward elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF). In Ghana, main approach to LF is preventive chemotherapy, but this has minimal impact on individuals who have already developed LE. 2018-2020, 24-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted evaluate efficacy stringent hygiene measures using Essential Package Care with or without additional administration doxycycline (DOX) improve...
Tremendous progress has been made towards the goal of global elimination lymphatic filariasis (LF) transmission by 2020. The number endemic countries reducing LF through mass drug administration continues to increase, and therefore, need for effective post-intervention surveillance also increase. Togo is first sub-Saharan African country implement surveillance, it 6 years experience with this passive system. We herein report results a recent evaluation Togolese system, including an blood...
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the filarial nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and timori. The Global Program to Eliminate LF uses mass drug administration (MDA) of anti-filarial drugs that clear microfilariae (Mf) from blood interrupt transmission mosquitos. New diagnostic tools are needed assess impact MDA on bancroftian filariasis, because available serologic tests can remain positive after successful treatment.We identified Wb-bhp-1, which...
Background Vertical control and elimination programs focused on specific neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can achieve notable success by reducing the prevalence intensity of infection. However, many NTD-endemic countries have not been able to launch or scale-up because they lack necessary baseline data for planning advocacy. Each NTD program has its own mapping guidelines collect missing data. Where geographic overlap among NTDs exists, an integrated approach could result in significant...
The Respiratory Infections in Andean Peruvian Children (RESPIRA-PERU) study enrolled children who participated a community-cluster randomized trial of improved stoves, solar water disinfection, and kitchen sinks (IHIP trial) from additional households. We quantified the burden influenza-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) this household-based cohort.From May 2009 to September 2011, we conducted active weekly ARI surveillance 892 age <3 years, whom 272 (30.5%) had IHIP trial. collected...
One goal of the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GAELF) is interruption disease transmission through annual mass drug administration (MDA) in areas where LF prevalence greater than 1%. After MDAs are completed, World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a period passive surveillance before final certification elimination achieved. Guidelines for such system have yet be developed. This paper describes launched Togo 2006. The uses existing laboratories with technicians on call...
The Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) relies heavily on a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) Wuchereria bancrofti circulating filarial antigen (Wb-CFA) identify endemic areas and for determining when mass drug administration can stop. contains carbohydrate epitope that is recognized by monoclonal antibody AD12. Og4C3, used in commercial ELISA Wb-CFA recognizes the same moiety. Despite its importance, little known about structure function of this "AD12 epitope". It also...
Background The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) emphasizes hygiene, exercise, and other measures reduce morbidity disability related LF. We recently reported that a portable, three-dimensional, infrared imaging system (3DIS) provides accurate limb volume measurements in patients with filarial lymphedema. To assess the practical utility of repeated 3DIS for longitudinal lymphedema management, we examined intraday day-to-day leg changes adults southern Sri Lanka....
Background Improved diagnostic tools are needed for detecting active filarial infections in humans. Tests available that detect adult W. bancrofti circulating antigen, but there no sensitive and specific biomarker tests brugian filariasis or loiasis. Here we explored whether extracellular vesicles released by parasites contain candidates. Methods Vesicles were isolated using VN96-affinity purification from supernatants of short-term vitro cultured B. malayi microfilariae (Mf) analyzed mass...