Sinapic acid is a hydroxycinnamic contained in plants. In an attempt to know the hyperglycemic effect of sinapic acid, this study applied streptozotocin (STZ) induce type 1-like diabetic rats and fed fructose-rich chow 2-like rats. dose-dependently reduced hyperglycemia STZ-diabetic (9.8 ± 1.8%, 11.6 0.7%, 19.4 3.2% at 5 mg/kg, 10 25 respectively). Also, attenuated postprandial plasma glucose without changing insulin Repeated treatment increased gene expression GLUT4 soleus muscle Moreover,...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains brain microenvironment. Our previous study showed that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) can damage the BBB by inducing apoptosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. This was aimed at evaluating effects resveratrol on high-fat diet-induced insults to and neurons. Exposure mice a diet for 8 weeks increased levels serum total cholesterol (146 ± 13) LDL (68 8), but decreased such augmentations (119 6; 45 8). Permeability assays induced breakage...

Oestrogen and oestrogen receptors (ER) play critical roles in the maintenance of bone remodelling. Genistein, structurally similar to 17β-oestradiol, is a phyto-oestrogen that may be beneficial for treating osteoporosis. In present study, we evaluated effects genistein on regulation ERα gene expression osteoblast mineralisation using MC3T3-E1 cells primary rat calvarial osteoblasts as our experimental models. Exposure at ≤ 10 μm 24 h did not affect cell morphology or viability. However,...

Background and aims Because the risk outcomes of stroke in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal (ESRD) were unclear, we evaluated these risks using a retrospective cohort study nested study. Methods We used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to identify 1378 aged ≥20 years who had ESRD 2000–2004. An age- sex-matched CKD (n = 5512) control 11,024) selected for comparison. Events incident considered as outcome during follow-up period 2000–2013,...

Abstract Pupil dilation is consistently evoked by affective and cognitive processing, this can result from sympathetic activation or parasympathetic inhibition. The relative contributions of the systems on pupillary response induced emotion cognition may be different. Sympathetic activity regulated global luminance level. Higher levels lead to greater system while lower system. To understand nervous responses associated with saccade preparation, emotional auditory stimuli were presented...

Treating advanced colon cancer remains challenging in clinical settings because of the development drug resistance and distant metastasis. Mechanisms underlying metastasis are complex unclear.Computational analysis was performed to determine genes associated with exosomal long noncoding (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) axis patients cancer. The biological importance lncRNA PVT1/VEGFA examined vitro by using HCT116 LoVo cell...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor. Temozolomide (TMZ) first-line treatment for GBM. However, patients with GBM develop drug resistance. Our previous study showed effects of camptothecin (CPT) and CRLX101, a nanoparticle CPT, in suppressing growth by targeting drug-sensitive glioblastoma cells. This evaluated CPT on drug-resistant cells explored underlying molecular mechanisms. Expression type I topoisomerase (Topo-1) gene was analyzed using UALCAN database....

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause cancer-related mortality globally. This exacerbated by its highly aggressive phenotype, limitation in early diagnosis effective therapies. The SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) component heterodimeric small ubiquitin-related modifier that plays vital role SUMOylation, post-translational modification involving cellular events such as regulation transcription, cell cycle apoptosis. Reported...

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) can regulate chondrocyte activities. This study was aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP)‐induced insults human chondrocytes. Exposure chondrocytes SNP increased cellular levels but decreased cell viability in concentration‐ and time‐dependent manners. time dependently induced DNA fragmentation apoptosis. Treatment with 2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazoline‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide, an scavenger, significantly lowered...

Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) face increased risk of stroke. Whether acupuncture can help to protect TBI patients from stroke has not previously been studied.Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database was used conduct a retrospective cohort study 7409 receiving treatment and 29,636 propensity-score-matched without in 2000-2008 as controls. Both cohorts were followed until the end 2010 adjusted for immortal time measure incidence hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence...

Osteoporosis-associated fractures may cause higher morbidity and mortality. Our previous study showed the effects of genistein, a phytoestrogen, on induction estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) gene expression stimulation osteoblast mineralization. In this study, rat calvarial osteoblasts an animal bone defect model were used to investigate genistein healing. Treatment with caused time-dependent increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity osteoblasts. Levels cytosolic nuclear ERα significantly...

Background: Chronic exposure to nicotine may change pain perception and promote opioid intake. This study aimed evaluate the putative effect of cigarette smoking on requirements intensity after surgery. Methods: Patients who underwent major surgery received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) at a medical center between January 2020 March 2022 were enrolled. Patients’ preoperative status was assessed using questionnaire by certified nurse anesthetists. The primary outcome...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a widely used sustainable kidney replacement therapy. Prolonged use of PD fluids associated with mesothelial-mesenchymal transition, peritoneal fibrosis, and eventual ultrafiltration (UF) failure. However, the impact pressure on peritoneum remains unclear. In present study, we hypothesized increased potential contributing factor to fibrosis investigated possible mechanisms. vitro experiments found that pressurization led mesenchymal phenotype, expression fibrotic...

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) can regulate osteoblast activity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of pretreatment with a low concentration NO on injuries induced by high level and its possible molecular mechanisms. Exposure osteoblasts to 0.3 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an donor, slightly increased cellular levels without affecting cell viability. SNP at 2 greatly reactive oxygen species, death. Thus, were treated as sources NO, respectively. decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP)...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis and leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Cumulative evidence suggests critical roles for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress unfolded protein response (UPR) in chronic liver diseases. However, the role ER HCC pathogenesis, aggressiveness therapy unclear understudied.Against this background, present study evaluated therapeutic efficacy feasibility notopterol (NOT), furanocoumarin principal...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a critical factor for inducing acute lung injury. GATA-2, transcription factor, contributes to the control of cell activity and function. Exposure RAW 264.7 cells LPS induced interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA protein expression GATA-2 translocation from cytoplasm nuclei in concentration- time-dependent manners. A bioinformatic search revealed that GATA-2-specific binding elements exist 5'-promoter region il-1β gene. could enhance transactivation macrophages. Knocking-down...

Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) were known to have increased risk of complications during hospitalization. The purpose this study is validate the global features postoperative adverse outcomes for patients PD. Using reimbursement claims from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort 6455 preoperative PD receiving major surgery 2008 2012. With propensity score matching procedure, 12,910 surgical without selected comparison....