A5038963538- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2016-2025
National Institute of Mental Health
2018
Hadassah Medical Center
2011
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2010
Harvard University
2010
Duke University
2007
Duke University Hospital
2007
Duke Medical Center
2007
Bar-Ilan University
2005
California Institute of Technology
2005
This study introduces a new method for detecting and sorting spikes from multiunit recordings. The combines the wavelet transform, which localizes distinctive spike features, with superparamagnetic clustering, allows automatic classification of data without assumptions such as low variance or gaussian distributions. Moreover, an improved setting amplitude thresholds detection is proposed. We describe several criteria implementation that render algorithm unsupervised fast. compared to other...
Animal–animal recognition within, and across species, is essential for predator avoidance social interactions. Despite its role in orchestrating responses to animal cues, basic principles of information processing by the vomeronasal system are still unknown. The medial amygdala (MeA) occupies a central position pathway, upstream hypothalamic centers dedicated defensive responses. We have characterized sensory mouse MeA uncovered emergent properties that shed new light onto transformation...
The rodent vomeronasal system plays a critical role in mediating pheromone-evoked social and sexual behaviors. Recent studies of the anatomical molecular architecture organ (VNO) its synaptic target, accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), have suggested that unique features underlie sensory processing. However, neuronal representation pheromonal information leading to specific behavioral endocrine responses has remained largely unexplored due experimental difficulty precise stimulus delivery VNO....
The physiological performance of any sensory organ is determined by its anatomy and physical properties. Consequently, complex structures with elaborate features have evolved to optimize stimulus detection. Understanding these their nature forms the basis for mechanistic insights into function. Despite crucial role as a sensor pheromones other behaviorally instructive chemical cues, vomeronasal (VNO) remains poorly characterized mammalian structure. Fundamental principles physico-mechanical...
Accurate determination of mouse positions from video data is crucial for various types behavioral analyses. While detection body straightforward, the correct identification nose positions, usually more informative, far challenging. The difficulty largely due to variability in postures across frames. Here, we present OptiMouse, an extensively documented open-source MATLAB program providing comprehensive semiautomatic analysis position data. emphasis OptiMouse placed on minimizing errors...
Despite many reports indicating the existence of precise firing sequences in cortical activity, serious objections have been raised regarding statistics used to detect them and relations these behavior. We show that behaving monkeys, pairs spikes from different neurons tend prefer certain time delays when measured relation a specific Single-unit activity was recorded eight microelectrodes inserted into motor premotor cortices two monkeys while they were performing continuous drawinglike hand...
Most behaviors result from integration of external and internal inputs. For example, social behavior requires information about conspecifics physiological states. Like many other mammals, female mice undergo a reproductive cycle during which their physiology behavioral responses to males change dramatically: estrus, they are more receptive male mating attempts. A critical element in is the investigative stage, mice, species, strongly relies on chemosensation. While initial approach mostly...
Most behaviors result from integration of external and internal inputs. For example, social behavior requires information about conspecifics physiological states. Like many other mammals, female mice undergo a reproductive cycle during which their physiology behavioral responses to males change dramatically: estrus, they are more receptive male mating attempts. A critical element in is the investigative stage, mice, species, strongly relies on chemosensation. While initial approach mostly...
We show that times of spikes can be very precise. In the cerebral cortex, where each nerve cell is affected by thousands others, it common belief exact time a spike random up to an averaged firing rate over tens milliseconds. brain slice, precise relations several neurons have been observed. It remained unclear whether this phenomenon also observed in brains behaving animals. Here we show, monkeys, intervals between spikes, measured correspondence specific behavior, may controlled within...
The mouse vomeronasal organ (VNO) plays a critical role in semiochemical detection and social communication. Vomeronasal stimuli are typically secreted various body fluids. Following direct contact with urine deposits or other secretions, peristaltic vascular pump mediates fluid entry into the recipient's VNO. Therefore, while sensory neurons (VSNs) sample stimulatory semiochemicals dissolved intraluminal mucus, they might also be affected by general physicochemical properties of “solvent.”...
Analysis of large-scale expression data is greatly facilitated by the availability gene ontologies (GOs). Many current methods test whether sets transcripts annotated with specific ontology terms contain an excess 'changed' transcripts. This approach suffers from two main limitations. First, since continuous rather than discrete, designating a as changed or unchanged arbitrary and oblivious to actual magnitude change. Second, considering only number genes, finer changes in patterns...
Abstract Recent studies suggested that a single motor cortical neuron typically encodes multiple movement parameters, but parameters often display strong temporal interdependencies. To address this issue, we recorded single‐unit activity while macaque monkeys made continuous movements and employed an analysis explicitly considered correlations between several kinematic parameters; hand position, velocity, acceleration. We found the of almost all neurons was modulated during movement, most...
The accessory olfactory system controls social and sexual behavior. However, key aspects of sensory signaling along the pathway remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate patterns spontaneous neuronal activity in mouse bulb mitral cells, direct neural link between vomeronasal input limbic output. Both vitro vivo , identify a subpopulation cells that exhibit slow stereotypical rhythmic discharge. In intrinsically rhythmogenic neurons, these periodic are maintained absence fast synaptic...
Persistent activity has been reported in many brain areas and is hypothesized to mediate working memory emotional states rely upon network or biophysical feedback. Here, we demonstrate a novel mechanism by which persistent neuronal can be generated without feedback, relying instead on the slow removal of Na+ from neurons following bursts activity. We show that mitral cells accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), plays major role mammalian social behavior, may respond brief sensory stimulation with...
For many animals, chemosensation is essential for guiding social behavior. However, because multiple factors can modulate levels of individual chemical cues, deriving information about other individuals via natural stimuli involves considerable challenges. How extracted despite these sources variability poorly understood. The vomeronasal system provides an excellent opportunity to study this topic due its role in detecting socially relevant traits. Here, we focus on two such traits: a female...
Although previous studies have shown that activity of neurons in the motor cortex is related to various movement parameters, including direction movement, spatial pattern by which these parameters are represented still unresolved. The current work was designed study representation preferred (PD) hand over cortical surface. By studying pairwise PD differences, and applying a novel implementation circular variance during preparation periods context center-out task, we demonstrate nonrandom...
Natural actions can be described as chains of simple elements, whereas individual motion elements are readily concatenated to generate countless movement sequences. Sequence-specific neurons have been extensively, suggesting that the motor system may implement temporally complex motions by using such recruit lower-level modularly. Here, we set out investigate whether activity movement-related is independent sequential context motion. Two monkeys were trained perform linear arm movements...
Cholinergic imbalances occur after traumatic effects and in the initial stages of neurodegenerative diseases, but their long-lasting remained largely unexplained. To address this, we used TgS transgenic mice constitutively overexpressing synaptic acetylcholinesterase (AChE-S) presenting a complex phenotype progressive neurodeterioration. T1- T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) brain images appeared similar. However, diffusion-weighted MRI showed decreased baseline water apparent diffusion...
Abstract Background For many animals, chemosensory cues are vital for social and defensive interactions primarily detected processed by the vomeronasal system (VNS). These often inherently associated with ethological meaning, leading to stereotyped behaviors. Thus, one would expect consistent representation of these stimuli across different individuals. However, individuals may express arrays sensory receptors vary in pattern connections between those projection neurons accessory olfactory...
Some studies suggest that complex arm movements in humans and monkeys may optimize several objective functions, while others claim satisfy geometric constraints are composed of elementary components. However, the ability to unify different has remained an open question. The criterion for a maximally smooth (minimizing jerk) motion is satisfied parabolic trajectories having constant equi-affine speed, which thus comply with constraint known as two-thirds power law. Here we empirically test...