Accumulating evidence shows that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a variety of physiological functions. H2S is produced from cysteine by 3 sulfurtransferases. H2S, in turn, generates polysulfides, the functions which are not well understood. induces Ca2+ influx astrocytes, type glia. However, receptor mediates response been identified. Here, we have shown polysulfides induce activating transient potential (TRP)A1 channels rat astrocytes (EC50 91 nM, Hill coefficient value 1.77±0.26) and maximum...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) modifies hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and functions as a neuromodulator. Here, we show that H2S increases intracellular Ca2+ induces waves in primary cultures of astrocytes well slices. the influx to lesser extent causes release from stores. induced by neuronal excitation responses exogenously applied are potently blocked La3+ Gd3+, inhibitors channels. These observations suggest propagate neighboring astrocytes.

The incidence of severe mucositis in the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx is high among patients with head neck cancer (HNC) receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT), resulting significant pain impairment quality life. present study investigated whether L-glutamine (glutamine) decreases severity induced by CRT. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial included 40 untreated squamous cell carcinoma nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx. Patients received 66 70 Gy total...

Several studies have attempted to replicate the complex hierarchy of eukaryotic cells for bottom-up construction artificial cells. Specifically, reconstruction liquid–liquid phase separation systems as membrane-less organelles is one key focuses this research field, with DNA condensates acting versatile building blocks whose associative interactions can be precisely controlled via sequence design. However, such control only possible at nanoscale over size and morphology lipid vesicles...

We assessed the applicability of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) for RNA detection using in vesicle reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). prepared GUVs that encapsulated one-pot RT-PCR mixture including template RNA, primers, and Taqman probe, water-in-oil emulsion transfer method. After thermal cycling, we analysed exhibited intense fluorescence signals, which represented cDNA amplification. The detailed analysis flow cytometry data demonstrated rRNA mRNA total can be...

Appropriate use of anti-infective drugs is essential in clinical practice. No evidence-based guidelines or protocols have been published on the appropriate patients receiving palliative care as yet.The medical records, which included demographic data patients, drug use, bacteriologic findings, symptoms, and hematologic findings were reviewed retrospectively to determine potential factors that contribute symptom improvement terminal phase.Seventy-one (64%) who received had a total 326...

Ketamine is often used to manage neuropathic pain in patients with cancer. However, it occasionally causes psychotomimetic effects such as vivid dreams, nightmares, illusions, hallucinations, and altered body image.To examine whether gradual dose titration of ketamine for management prevents advanced cancer.This was a retrospective chart review. We administered when cancer became refractory opioids oral adjuvant analgesics. The starting 10 mg/d by continuous intravenous infusion. gradually...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) enhances the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and induces calcium waves in astrocytes. Based on these observations, H2S has been proposed to be a synaptic modulator brain. Here we show that differentiated astrocytes acquire sensitivity is diminished by their transformation into reactive Although sodium hydrosulfide hydrate (NaHS), donor H2S, did not increase intracellular concentration Ca2+ progenitors, exposure progenitors leukemia inhibitory...

To expand the range of practical applications artificial cells, it is important to standardize production process giant (cell-sized) vesicles that encapsulate reconstituted biochemical reaction systems. For this purpose, a rapidly developing microfluidics-based vesicle generation system promising approach, similar droplet assay systems are already widespread in market. In study, we examined composition solutions used generate encapsulating vitro transcription–translation (IVTT) system. We...

Agitated delirium is often observed in terminal patients with cancer. To clarify the risk factors for agitated cancer, we conducted a retrospective chart review of 126 cancer who died at university hospital 2008.As working definition, define as score 2 or more item 9 Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale diurnal variation.The results were follows: was 49 (42%) 115 patients, and it occurred within last week before death 49% patients. Univariate analysis revealed older age, male gender, smoking...

Herein we examined the extent of replicability PDMS microchamber device transferred from master mold with complex 3D structures fabricated <italic>via</italic> micro stereolithography.

We investigated the capability of simple microfluidic devices with trenches having vertical sidewalls for live-cell fluorescence imaging adherent cells. An epithelial cell line that forms a two-dimensional (2D) sheet was cultured to adhere sidewall so its section can be imaged directly using ordinal inverted-type laser-scanning microscopy. The material and structure device were characterized. show detailed distribution intracellular organelles, such as microtubules mitochondria,...

The conservation throughout evolution of membrane-bound structures that encapsulate genomic material indicates the existence a simple, physical mechanism facilitates enclosing long-stranded DNA by lipid bilayers. This study aimed to elucidate such investigating how molecular crowding promotes spontaneous enveloping model into bilayer membranes. Using fluorescence microscopy and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) we showed 166 kb molecule coencapsulated with crowder attaches inner membrane...

Among various single-cell analysis platforms, hydrodynamic cell trapping systems remain relevant because of their versatility. those, deterministic cell-trapping have received significant interest; however, applications are limited trapped cells kept within the closed microchannel, thus prohibiting access to external cell-picking devices. In this study, we develop a system in an open microfluidics architecture allow cells. A technique render only inside polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)...

In terminal phase cancer, predicting a prognosis precisely plays an important role for patients and their families to live meaningful lives. However, there are no established short-term, objective prognostic predictive methods.To develop simple, methods through detecting change point laboratory test values.A retrospective chart review.Subjects were cancer aged ≥16 years discharged dead from Osaka University Hospital in 2008.Using different values, new determined based on either six values...

We present a method to detect the transporter activity of intact adherent cells using microchamber device. When are seeded onto poly-di-methyl siloxane substrate having microchambers with openings smaller than size cell, form confluent layer that covers microchambers, creating minute, confined spaces. As substances exported across cell membrane accumulate, can be detected by observing fluorescence intensity increase in microchamber. tested device HeLa over-expressing MDR1, an ATP-binding...

Epithelial cells serve as a barrier by tightly adhering to each other and contribute the homeostasis of living organisms controlling substance permeation. Therefore, evaluation function is important in pharmaceutical development processes. However, widely used Transwell-based assays require defect-free epithelial cell monolayer above several tens mm

Morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl are major opioids available as controlled-release morphine (CRM), oxycodone (CRO), transdermal (TDF), respectively, in Japan. The authors conducted a retrospective chart review to examine (1) nausea somnolence on commencement of CRM, CRO, TDF for cancer pain treatment, (2) the antiemetic effectiveness prochlorperazine prevent opioid-induced nausea, (3) side effect patients with pain. Four hundred thirteen were prescribed CRM (N = 66), CRO 196), 151)....