A5030874232- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Helminth infection and control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Blood properties and coagulation
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Fecal contamination and water quality
Public Health Laboratory Ivo de Carneri
2011-2024
Public Health Laboratory
2024
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
2017-2022
Iranshahr University
2019-2022
Ariadne Diagnostics (United States)
2016
Boston University
2016
National Institute for Medical Research
2009
Background The three major soil-transmitted helminths (STH) Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus/Ancylostoma duodenale are among the most widespread parasites worldwide. Despite global expansion of preventive anthelmintic treatment, standard operating procedures to monitor drug efficacy lacking. objective this study, therefore, was define a single 400 milligram dose albendazole (ALB) against these STH using standardized protocol. Methodology/Principal Findings...
Abstract Maternal morbidity and mortality continue to rise, pre-eclampsia is a major driver of this burden 1 . Yet the ability assess underlying pathophysiology before clinical presentation enable identification pregnancies at risk remains elusive. Here we demonstrate plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) reveal patterns normal pregnancy progression determine developing months presentation. Our results centre on comprehensive transcriptome data from eight independent prospectively collected cohorts...
Background The Kato-Katz thick smear (Kato-Katz) is the diagnostic method recommended for monitoring large-scale treatment programs implemented control of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) in public health, yet it difficult to standardize. A promising alternative McMaster egg counting (McMaster), commonly used veterinary parasitology, but rarely so detection STH human stool. Methodology/Principal Findings and methods were compared 1,543 subjects resident five countries across Africa, Asia...
Background Robust reference values for fecal egg count reduction (FECR) rates of the most widely used anthelmintic drugs in preventive chemotherapy (PC) programs controlling soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm) are still lacking. However, they urgently needed to ensure detection reduced efficacies that predicted occur due growing drug pressure. Here, using a standardized methodology, we assessed FECR rate single oral dose mebendazole...
Entering data on case report forms and subsequently digitizing them in electronic media is the traditional way to maintain a record keeping system field studies. Direct entry using an device avoids this two-step process. It gaining popularity has replaced paper-based many We our experiences with paper- PDA-based collection during fever surveillance study Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania. Data were collected 14-page paper form first period of study. The then handheld computers (personal...
To estimate neonatal mortality, particularly within 24 hours of birth, in six low- and lower-middle-income countries.We analysed epidemiological data on a total 149 570 live births collected between 2007 2013 prospective randomized trials cohort study from predominantly rural areas Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Pakistan, the United Republic Tanzania Zambia. The mortality rate birth were estimated for all countries 6 was four with available data. findings compared published model-based estimates...
A blood protein signature discriminates active tuberculosis (TB) from other TB-like disease in adults regardless of HIV status.
The study was aimed to evaluate the malaria over/underdiagnosis and over/underprescription of antimalarial drugs. Between February March 2007 blood samples were collected from 336 non-severe febrile outpatients attended in two peripheral Tanzanian hospitals. Microscopy a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) done locally accuracy evaluated by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Plasmodium spp. testing performed at National Institute Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani (INMI), Rome,...
Abstract The neglected tropical disease trichuriasis is caused by the whipworm Trichuris trichiura , a soil-transmitted helminth that has infected humans for millennia. Today, T. infects as many 500 million people, predominantly in communities with poor sanitary infrastructure enabling sustained faecal-oral transmission. Using whole-genome sequencing of geographically distributed worms collected from human and other primate hosts, together ancient samples preserved archaeologically-defined...
The diagnosis of typhoid fever is confirmed by culture Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. typhi). However, a more rapid, simpler, and cheaper diagnostic method would be very useful especially in developing countries. Widal test widely used Africa but little information exists about its reliability. We assessed the performance tube agglutination among febrile hospitalized Tanzanian children. calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative (NPV) various...
BackgroundIn low-income countries, including the east African region, a third of neonatal deaths are due to infections. A substantial proportion these have been attributed sepsis, which can result from umbilical cord Evidence Asia suggests that chlorhexidine application reduces mortality, but no data Africa available. We aimed assess effect cleansing with 4% solution on mortality and omphalitis in rural settings sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsWe did community-based randomised controlled trial...
Background Over one billion people are infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH), i.e. Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura. For estimating drug efficacy monitoring anthelminthic resistance, accurate diagnostic methods critical. FECPAKG2 is a new remote-diagnostic tool used in veterinary medicine, which produces an image of the stool sample that can be stored on internet cloud. We compared for first time recommended Kato-Katz method. Methodology/Principal findings Two...
Background Albendazole (ALB) is administered annually to millions of children through global deworming programs targeting soil-transmitted helminths (STHs: Ascaris lumbricoides , Trichuris trichiura and hookworms, Necator americanus Ancylostoma duodenale ). However, due the lack large individual patient datasets collected using standardized protocols application population-based statistical methods, little known about factors that may affect responses treatment. Methodology/Principal...
Typhoid fever remains a significant health problem in many developing countries. A rapid test with performance comparable to that of blood culture would be highly useful. diagnostic for typhoid fever, Tubex®, is commercially available uses particle separation detect immunoglobulin M directed towards Salmonella Typhi O9 lipopolysaccharide sera. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity Tubex among Tanzanian children hospitalized febrile illness using as gold standard. Evaluation was done...
The diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworms) is traditionally based on the demonstration eggs in stool using microscopic techniques. While molecular techniques are more appropriate to speciate STH species they seldom applied. In this study we speciated from gain insights into distribution both human animal host. We 207 egg isolates collected during baseline survey six drug efficacy trials conducted Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Tanzania Vietnam...
Soil-transmitted helminthiases are important neglected tropical diseases that result in a notably high number of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Characterizing the interactions between human intestinal microbiome and helminths is interest development alternative treatments do not rely on chemotherapeutics lead to drug resistance. We recruited obtained fecal samples from 32 pairs mothers children Pemba Island monitored their microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. observed...
This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of Haemoglobin Colour Scale (HCS), compared with clinical diagnosis, to detect anaemia and severe in preschool-age children attending primary healthcare clinics rural Zanzibar.In all participants, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration was independently estimated by examination for palmar pallor, HCS HemoCue™. HemoCue considered reference method. Data collection integrated into usual health services performed local workers (HCWs). Sensitivity,...
Abstract Background In clinical research, obtaining informed consent from participants is an ethical and legal requirement. Conveying the information concerning study can be done using multiple methods yet this step commonly relies exclusively on form alone. While legal, it does not ensure participant’s true comprehension. New effective of conveying should tested. we compared effect different knowledge caregivers a trial Pemba Island, Tanzania. Methods A total 254 were assigned to receive...
Background Prenatal care is a good opportunity for evaluating and improving maternal-fetal attachment. In the present study effect of early education fetal movement counting in second trimester on attachment was evaluated. Materials Methods 52 eligible pregnant women were selected through simple sampling then randomly allocated into control (n=29), intervention groups (n=23). First, demographic characteristics questionnaire Cranely’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS), completed by...
Purpose: Based on health care records and trachoma rapid assessments, was suspected to be endemic in Kaskazini A Micheweni districts of Zanzibar. This study aimed investigate the prevalence trachomatous inflammation–follicular (TF), trichiasis (TT) each those districts.Methods: The survey undertaken Unguja Pemba Islands, respectively. multi-stage cluster random sampling design applied, whereby 25 census enumeration areas (clusters) 30 households per were included. Consenting eligible...
Abstract Background We aimed to gain insights into the role of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in codons 167, 198 and 200 ß-tubulin gene as markers for possible benzimidazole resistance human soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura , Necator americanus Ancylostsoma duodenale ). Methods Firstly, we determined analytical performance our PCR/pyrosequencing assays. Secondly, applied them on stool samples collected during clinical trials Ethiopia,...
Abstract The neglected tropical disease trichuriasis is caused by the whipworm Trichuris trichiura , a soil-transmitted helminth that has infected humans for millennia. Today, T. infects as many 500 million people, predominantly in communities with poor sanitary infrastructure enabling sustained faecal-oral transmission. Using whole-genome sequencing of geographically distributed worms collected from human and other primate hosts, together ancient samples preserved archaeologically-defined...
Background Clinical trial participants are required to sign an informed consent form (ICF). However, information is lacking on the most effective methods convey relevant prior inviting ICF, being particularly pertinent in low-income countries. A previous study Pemba Island, Tanzania, found that a verbal session (IS) was significantly better than providing ICF alone. knowledge gaps remained. Building these findings, we investigated effect of adding slideshow or theater IS procedure...
Introduction: Husband's addiction often leads to the disruption of family roles and duties.In this process, women as wives in families with addicted husbands may tolerate pressures from everywhere are emotionally, physically, mentally, behaviorally at risk.Objective: Armed a qualitative approach, present study tries recognize nature problem, defines investigates phenomenon deeply describe selfefficacy self-esteem drug addict husbands. Materials Methods:This was using content analysis...