A5002601489- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Gut microbiota and health
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Livestock Management and Performance Improvement
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Helminth infection and control
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Animal health and immunology
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
AgResearch
2014-2024
Lakeland Health
2021
Corewell Health Blodgett Hospital
2021
Spectrum Health
2021
University of Guelph
2005-2017
Trench (Germany)
2017
University of Prince Edward Island
2017
The potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is produced in the rumens of ruminant animals from hydrogen during microbial degradation ingested feed. natural animal-to-animal variation amount CH4 emitted and heritability this trait offer a means for reducing emissions by selecting low-CH4 emitting breeding. We demonstrate that differences rumen community structure are linked to high low sheep. Bacterial structures 236 samples 118 high- sheep formed gradual transitions between three ruminotypes....
Analysis of rumen microbial community structure based on small-subunit rRNA marker genes in metagenomic DNA samples provides important insights into the dominant taxa present and allows assessment differences between individuals or response to treatments applied ruminants. However, natural animal-to-animal variation composition can limit power a study considerably, especially when only subtle are expected treatment groups. Thus, trials with large numbers animals may be necessary overcome...
ABSTRACT The development of high-throughput methods, such as the construction 18S rRNA gene clone or pyrosequencing libraries, has allowed evaluation ciliate community composition in hundreds samples from rumen and other intestinal habitats. However, several genera mammalian ciliates have been described based only on morphological features and, to date, not identified using molecular methods. Here, we isolated single cells one smallest but widely distributed ciliates, Charonina ventriculi ,...
Microbial community profiles have been associated with a variety of traits, including methane emissions in livestock. These can be difficult and expensive to obtain for thousands samples (e.g. accurate association microbial traits), therefore the objective this work was develop low-cost, high-throughput approach capture diversity rumen microbiome. Restriction enzyme reduced representation sequencing (RE-RRS) using ApeKI or PstI, two bioinformatic pipelines (reference-based reference-free)...
Abstract Anthelmintic treatment of adult ewes is widely practiced to remove parasite burdens in the expectation increased ruminant productivity. However, broad activity spectra many anthelmintic compounds raises possibility impacts on rumen microbiota. To investigate this, 300 grazing were allocated groups that included a 100-day controlled release capsule (CRC) containing albendazole and abamectin, long-acting moxidectin injection (LAI), non-treated control group (CON). Rumen bacterial,...
Abstract Background Producing animal protein while reducing the animal’s impact on environment, e.g., through improved feed efficiency and lowered methane emissions, has gained interest in recent years. Genetic selection is one possible path to reduce environmental of livestock production, but these traits are difficult expensive measure many animals. The rumen microbiome may serve as a proxy for due its role digestion. Restriction enzyme-reduced representation sequencing (RE-RRS)...
The rumen houses a diverse community that plays major role in the digestion process ruminants. Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF) are key contributors to plant rumen. Here, we present global amplicon-based survey of AGF mycobiome by examining 206 samples from 15 animal species, countries, and 6 continents. was highly diverse, with 81 out 88 currently recognized genera or candidate identified. However, only six (
Only limited information is available on the roles of different rumen ciliate community types, first described by Eadie in 1962, enteric methane (CH4) formation their ruminant hosts. If types were differentially associated with CH4 formation, then typing could be used to identify naturally high and low CH4-emitting animals. Here we measured yields [g (kg feed dry matter intake, DMI)(-1)] 118 sheep fed a standard pelleted lucerne diet at two times, least 2 weeks apart. There significant...
Eight ruminally-fistulated wethers were used to examine the temporal effects of afternoon (PM; 1600h) v. morning (AM; 0800 h) allocation fresh spring herbage from a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)-based pasture on fermentation and microbial community dynamics. Herbage chemical composition was minimally affected by time allocation, but daily mean ammonia concentrations greater for PM group. The 24-h pattern ruminal (i.e. sampling relative allocation), however, varied considerably all...
Abstract First-feeding Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus were subjected to two different photoperiods (light conditions at latitude 43°28′N [normal] and 24 h of continuous light) feeding schedules (fed only during the natural photoperiod 24-h feeding) for 12 weeks. light feed availability had a significantly lower cumulative mortality (P < 0.05) higher mean final weights without an accompanying increase in within-treatment variability compared with fish raised either ambient or under...
Abstract Microbial community profiles have been associated with a variety of traits, including methane emissions in livestock, however, these can be difficult and expensive to obtain for thousands samples. The objective this work was develop low-cost, high-throughput approach capture the diversity rumen microbiome. Restriction enzyme reduced representation sequencing (RE-RRS) using ApeK I or Pst I, two bioinformatic pipelines (reference-based reference-free) were compared 16S rRNA gene...
Methane is produced in the rumen of ruminant livestock by methanogens, accounting for approximately 14.5% anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions terms global warming potential. The contains a diversity methanogens species, and only few these have been cultured. Immunomagnetic capture technology (ICT) simple effective method to concentrate target organisms samples containing complex microflora. We hypothesized that antibody-coated magnetic beads could be used demonstrate antibody specificity...
Abstract Background Producing animal protein while reducing the animal’s impact on environment, e.g., through improved feed efficiency and lowered methane emissions, has gained interest in recent years. Genetic selection is one possible path to reduce environmental of livestock production, but these traits are difficult expensive measure many animals. The rumen microbiome may serve as a proxy for due its role digestion. Restriction enzyme-reduced representation sequencing (RE-RRS)...
Ground dry shelled corn is not uniform relative to animal performance. Geometric mean particle size (GMPS; μm) has been related rumen digestion but research evaluated only ground corns sized >700 μm GMPS. The industry reduced GMPS <400 in some cases. Furthermore, and standard deviation can be combined into a surface area measure (SA; cm2). objective of our work was determine if or SA were situ starch disappearance (SD; % starch) for commercial corns. Commercial dry, (n = 38) samples...
Abstract The rumen houses a diverse community that plays major role in the digestion process ruminants. Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF) are key contributors to plant rumen. Here, we present global amplicon-based survey of mycobiome by examining 206 samples from 15 animal species, countries and six continents. was highly diverse, with 81 out 88 currently recognized AGF genera or candidate identified. However, only ( Neocallimastix, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, Cyllamyces, NY9, Piromyces ) were at >...