A5087205948- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Insect Utilization and Effects
Wilmar International (Singapore)
2018-2025
National University of Singapore
2018-2025
AgResearch
2012-2022
Agroscope
2016
Washington University in St. Louis
2013
Max Planck Society
2008
Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology
2007
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
2005
Ruminants rely on a complex rumen microbial community to convert dietary plant material energy-yielding products. Here we developed method simultaneously analyze the community's bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes, ciliate 18S genes anaerobic fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 using 12 DNA samples derived from 11 different three host species (Ovis aries, Bos taurus, Cervus elephas) multiplex 454 Titanium pyrosequencing. We show that mixing ratio of group-specific templates before...
Ruminant livestock represent the single largest anthropogenic source of potent greenhouse gas methane, which is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. While differences between individual animals same breed amount methane produced have been observed, basis for this variation remains to be elucidated. To explore mechanistic production, we measured yields from 22 sheep, revealed that are a reproducible, quantitative trait. Deep metagenomic and...
Molecular microbial ecology techniques are widely used to study the composition of rumen microbiota and increase understanding roles they play. Therefore, sampling DNA extraction methods that result in adequate yields also accurately represents community crucial. Fifteen different were extract from cow sheep samples. The yield quality, its suitability for downstream PCR amplifications varied considerably, depending on method used. extracts nine passed these first quality criteria evaluated...
Enteric fermentation by farmed ruminant animals is a major source of methane and constitutes the second largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming. Reducing emissions from ruminants needed ensure sustainable animal production in future. Methane yield varies naturally sheep heritable trait that can be used select less per unit feed eaten. We previously demonstrated elevated expression hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway genes methanogenic archaea rumens high (HMY) compared their...
The potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is produced in the rumens of ruminant animals from hydrogen during microbial degradation ingested feed. natural animal-to-animal variation amount CH4 emitted and heritability this trait offer a means for reducing emissions by selecting low-CH4 emitting breeding. We demonstrate that differences rumen community structure are linked to high low sheep. Bacterial structures 236 samples 118 high- sheep formed gradual transitions between three ruminotypes....
Methane is formed by methanogenic archaea in the rumen as one of end products feed fermentation ruminant digestive tract. To develop strategies to mitigate anthropogenic methane emissions due farming, and understand microbial differences animal conversion efficiency, it essential that methanogens can be identified taxonomically classified with high accuracy. Currently available taxonomic frameworks offer only limited resolution beyond genus level for assignments sequence data stemming from...
The effects of abrupt dietary transition on the faecal microbiota forage-fed horses over a 3-week period were investigated. Yearling Thoroughbred fillies reared as cohort exclusively fed either an ensiled conserved forage-grain diet ("Group A"; n = 6) or pasture B"; for three weeks prior to study. After Day 0 samples collected, Group A abruptly transitioned pasture. Both groups continued graze similar weeks, with collected at 4-day intervals. DNA was isolated from faeces and microbial 16S...
Anaerobic fungi are key players in the breakdown of fibrous plant material rumen, but not much is known about composition and stability fungal communities ruminants. We analyzed anaerobic 53 rumen samples from farmed sheep (4 different flocks), cattle, deer feeding on a variety diets. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region rrn operon revealed high diversity phylotypes across all samples. Clone libraries ITS1 were constructed DNA 11...
The structure and variability of ciliate protozoal communities in the rumens domestic New Zealand ruminants feeding on different diets was investigated. relative abundance ciliates compared with bacteria similar across all samples. However, molecular fingerprinting showed ruminant-specific differences species composition. Community compositions cattle were significantly influenced by diet. In contrast, diet effects deer sheep weaker than animal-to-animal variation. Cloning sequencing...
The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is a popular barcode marker for fungi and in particular the ITS1 has been widely used anaerobic (phylum Neocallimastigomycota). A good number of validated reference sequences isolates as well large environmental are available public databases. Its highly variable nature predisposes low level phylogenetics; however, it complicates establishment reproducible alignments reconstruction stable phylogenetic trees at higher taxonomic levels (genus above). Here,...
Weaning has been described as one of the most stressful events in life horses. Given importance interaction between gut-brain axis and gut microbiota under stress, we evaluated (i) effect two different weaning methods on composition across time (ii) how shifts after affect host. A total 34 foals were randomly subjected to a progressive (P) or an abrupt (A) method. In P method, mares separated from at progressively increasing intervals every day, starting five minutes during fourth week prior...
Symbiotic associations are ubiquitous in the microbial world and have a major role shaping evolution of both partners. One most interesting mutualistic relationships exists between protozoa methanogenic archaea fermentative forestomach (rumen) ruminant animals. Methanogens reside within on surface as symbionts, interspecies hydrogen transfer is speculated to be main driver for physical observed two groups. In silico analyses several rumen methanogen genomes previously shown that up 5% genes...
Summary The halogenated compound tetrachloroethene (perchloroethene, PCE) is a persistent contaminant of aquifers, soils and sediments. Although number microorganisms are known to reductively dechlorinate PCE by dehalorespiration, their diversity community structure especially in pristine environments remain elusive. In this study, we report on the detection novel group dehalorespiring bacteria that cis ‐dichloroethene RNA‐based stable isotope probing. Pristine river sediment was incubated...
Summary The marine environment represents a rich source of bio‐ and geogenically produced organohalogens, including the common pollutant perchloroethene (PCE). However, diversity function chloroethene‐dechlorinating microorganisms are largely unknown. Here, we have studied activity composition tidal flat sediment bacterial archaeal community from North Sea exposed to low concentrations PCE. After 2 weeks incubation, PCE was rapidly dechlorinated via trichloroethene dichloroethene (DCE)....
ABSTRACT Sequencing and analyses of 16S rRNA gene amplicons were performed to estimate the composition rumen methanogen community in 252 samples from eight cohorts sheep cattle, separated into 16 different sample groups by diet, determine which methanogens are most prominent rumens farmed New Zealand ruminants. Methanobacteriales (relative abundance ± standard deviation, 89.6% 9.8%) Methanomassiliicoccales (10.4% two major orders contributed 99.98% (±0.1%) communities samples. Sequences...
Abstract The effects of short‐term (5‐week) exposure to wet or dry diets on fecal bacterial populations in the cat were investigated. Sixteen mixed‐sex, neutered, domestic short‐haired cats (mean age = 6 years; mean bodyweight 3.4 kg) randomly allocated a crossover design. Fecal DNA was isolated and 16 S r RNA gene amplicons generated analyzed by 454 Titanium pyrosequencing. Cats fed had higher abundances ( P < 0.05) A ctinobacteria (16.5% vs. 0.1%) lower F usobacteria (0.3% 23.1%)...
Analysis of rumen microbial community structure based on small-subunit rRNA marker genes in metagenomic DNA samples provides important insights into the dominant taxa present and allows assessment differences between individuals or response to treatments applied ruminants. However, natural animal-to-animal variation composition can limit power a study considerably, especially when only subtle are expected treatment groups. Thus, trials with large numbers animals may be necessary overcome...
ABSTRACT The development of high-throughput methods, such as the construction 18S rRNA gene clone or pyrosequencing libraries, has allowed evaluation ciliate community composition in hundreds samples from rumen and other intestinal habitats. However, several genera mammalian ciliates have been described based only on morphological features and, to date, not identified using molecular methods. Here, we isolated single cells one smallest but widely distributed ciliates, Charonina ventriculi ,...
ABSTRACT We report the draft genomes of five Clostridium isolates from soil and agricultural by-products, four which are proposed as Candidatus species. Members genus significant industrial interest, availability their genome sequences facilitates understanding exploration functional potential.