A5018326574- Plant and fungal interactions
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Immune cells in cancer
- Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
AgResearch
2015-2024
Princeton University
2022
Gilead Sciences (United States)
2022
Ontario Veterinary College
2019
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation
2019
University of Guelph
2019
University of Kentucky
2002-2009
University of Oxford
2003-2009
Massey University
1999-2000
Hutt Hospital
1995-1996
Pseudomonas fluorescens are common soil bacteria that can improve plant health through nutrient cycling, pathogen antagonism and induction of defenses. The genome sequences strains SBW25 Pf0-1 were determined compared to each other with P. Pf-5. A functional genomic in vivo expression technology (IVET) screen provided insight into genes used by its natural environment an improved understanding the ecological significance diversity within this species.
Ruminant livestock represent the single largest anthropogenic source of potent greenhouse gas methane, which is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. While differences between individual animals same breed amount methane produced have been observed, basis for this variation remains to be elucidated. To explore mechanistic production, we measured yields from 22 sheep, revealed that are a reproducible, quantitative trait. Deep metagenomic and...
Summary The ability to form biofilms is seen as an increasingly important colonization strategy among both pathogenic and environmental bacteria. A survey of 185 plant‐associated, phytopathogenic, soil river Pseudomonas isolates resulted in 76% producing at the air–liquid (A–L) interface after selection static microcosms. Considerable variation biofilm phenotype was observed, including waxy aggregations, viscous floccular masses, physically cohesive with continuously varying strengths over...
Abstract Epichloë endophytes are fungal symbionts of grasses that span a continuum including asexual mutualists vertically transmitted, obligately sexual pathogens horizontally and mixed‐strategy with both mutualistic pathogenic capabilities. Here we show processes genome evolution differ markedly for the different symbiont types. Genetic phylogenetic analysis was conducted broad taxonomic, ecological geographical sample isolates, in which were identified sequenced alleles genes β‐tubulin (...
AbstractThe annual Lolium (ryegrass) species were surveyed for seedborne, asexual Epichloë endophytes (i.e., Neotyphodium spp.). Endophytes that extremely slow growing in culture identified from all seven ryegrass spp. Sequences of β-tubulin gene (tub2) introns and the internal transcribed spacers nuclear ribosomal RNA (rDNA-ITS) determined, as profiles based on five microsatellite loci. Two taxonomic groups distinguishable by morphology, culturability genotypes. One group, which name...
Loline alkaloids are produced by mutualistic fungi symbiotic with grasses, and they protect the host plants from insects. Here we identify in fungal symbiont, Neotyphodium uncinatum, two homologous gene clusters (LOL-1 LOL-2) associated loline-alkaloid production. Nine genes were identified a 25-kb region of LOL-1 designated (in order) lolF-1, lolC-1, lolD-1, lolO-1, lolA-1, lolU-1, lolP-1, lolT-1, lolE-1. LOL-2 contained homologs lolC-2 through lolE-2 same order orientation. Also was...
It is proposed that Clostridium proteoclasticum be reclassified as Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus comb. nov. on the basis of phylogenetic position, DNA G+C content and physiological traits. Phylogenetic analyses based 16S rRNA gene sequences from an extensive range taxa within clostridial subcluster XIVa grouped C. together with isolates genus Butyrivibrio, though this species was genetically distinct extant examined. The originally erroneously reported 28 mol%. However genome sequence type...
Determining the role of rumen microbes and their enzymes in plant polysaccharide breakdown is fundamental to understanding digestion maximising productivity ruminant animals. Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus B316T a Gram-positive, butyrate-forming bacterium with key degradation. The 4.4Mb genome consists 4 replicons; chromosome, chromid two megaplasmids. smallest reported for all bacteria, first identified from phylum Firmicutes. B316 devotes large proportion its reassembly complex...
Bioprotective alkaloids produced by Epichloë and closely related asexual Neotyphodium fungal endophytes protect their grass hosts from insect mammalian herbivory. One class of these compounds, known for antimammalian toxicity, is the indole-diterpenes. The LTM locus lolii (Lp19) festuce (Fl1), required biosynthesis indole-diterpene lolitrem, consists 10 ltm genes. We have used PCR Southern analysis to screen a broad taxonomic range 44 endophyte isolates determine why indole-diterpenes are...
Pseudomonads are able to form a variety of biofilms that colonize the air-liquid (A-L) interface static liquid microcosms, and differ in matrix composition, strength, resilience degrees attachment microcosm walls. From Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, mutants have evolved during prolonged adaptation-evolution experiments which produce robust physically cohesive class at A-L interface, been well characterized. In this study we describe novel biofilm produced by SBW25 is categorized as viscous...
Oxidative stress is a major cause of mutation but little known about how growth in the absence oxygen impacts rate and spectrum mutations. We employed long-term accumulation experiments to directly measure rates spectra spontaneous events Escherichia coli populations propagated under aerobic anaerobic conditions. To detect mutations, whole genome sequencing was coupled with methods analysis sufficient identify broad range mutational classes, including structural variants (SVs) generated by...
Vertical transmission of symbiotic Epichloë endophytes from host grasses into progeny seed is the primary mechanism by which next generation plants colonised. This process often imperfect, resulting in endophyte-free seedlings may have poor ecological fitness if endophyte confers protective benefits to its host. In this study, we investigated influence genetics and environment on vertical festucae var. lolii strain AR37 temperate forage grass Lolium perenne. The efficiency over 500 plant...
Despite their role in host nutrition, the anaerobic gut fungal (AGF) component of herbivorous microbiome remains poorly characterized. Here, to examine global patterns and determinants AGF diversity, we generate analyze an amplicon dataset from 661 fecal samples 34 mammalian species, 9 families, 6 continents. We identify 56 novel genera, greatly expanding diversity beyond current estimates (31 genera candidate genera). Community structure analysis indicates that phylogenetic affiliation, not...
ABSTRACT Epichloë endophytes are a group of filamentous fungi that include both sexual ( ) and asexual Neotyphodium species. As they genetically diverse form antagonistic mutualistic associations with temperate grasses. We report here on the development microsatellite-based PCR system for fingerprinting this template isolated from either culture or infected plant material. M13mp19 partial genomic libraries were constructed size-fractionated DNA two endophyte strains. These screened mixture...
Members of the genus Neotyphodium are asexual, seedborne, protective fungal endophytes cool season grasses that have likely evolved either directly from sexual Epichloë; species, or by interspecific hybridization distinct lineages and Neotyphodium. We investigated evolutionary origins several indigenous to Southern Hemisphere using a multiple-gene phylogenetic approach. Intron regions genes encoding β-tubulin (tub2), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) actin (act1) were amplified...
The genome of the plant-colonizing bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 harbors a subset genes that are expressed specifically on plant surfaces. function these is central to ecological success SBW25, but their study poses significant challenges because no phenotype discernable in vitro . Here, we describe genetic strategy with general utility combines suppressor analysis IVET (SPyVET) and provides means identifying regulators niche-specific genes. Central this strains carrying operon...
Pyoverdines (PVDs) are high affinity siderophores, for which the molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis, uptake and regulation have been extensively studied in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. However, extent to this regulatory model applies other pseudomonads is unknown. Here, we describe results a genomic, genetic structural analysis pyoverdine-mediated iron by plant growth-promoting bacterium P. fluorescens SBW25.In silico complete, but un-annotated, SBW25 genome sequence identified 31 genes...
The complex microbiota that resides within the rumen is responsible for break-down of plant fibre. bacteria attach to ingested matter are thought be initial fibre degradation. Most studies examining ecology this important microbiome only offer a 'snapshot' in time. We monitored diversity four New Zealand dairy cows, grazing rye-grass and clover pasture over five consecutive seasons, using high throughput pyrosequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes. chose focus on digesta-adherent community learn...
In humans, ageing is associated with changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota; these may contribute to age-related increase incidence of many chronic diseases, including Type 2 diabetes. The life expectancies cats are increasing, and they also exhibiting same types diseases. While there some studies investigating impacts diets on microbiota young cats, older has not been explored. We followed a cohort related kittens, maintained two commercial (kibbled canned) from weaning (8 weeks) 5...
Anaerobic fungi from the herbivore digestive tract (