A5073093258- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Risk Perception and Management
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
AgResearch
2016-2025
KU Leuven
2001-2022
European Underground Research Infrastructure for Disposal of nuclear waste in a Clay Environment
2021
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
2005-2019
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
2012
Collaboration for Australian Weather and Climate Research
2012
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2011
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences
2011
Aberystwyth University
2011
The University of Melbourne
1999-2010
The aim of this paper is to provide a conceptual basis for the systematic treatment uncertainty in model-based decision support activities such as policy analysis, integrated assessment and risk assessment. It focuses on perceived from point view those providing information decisions (i.e., modellers’ uncertainty) – regarding analytical outcomes conclusions exercise. Within regulatory management sciences, there neither commonly shared terminology nor full agreement typology uncertainties....
The complete genomes of three strains from the phylum Acidobacteria were compared. Phylogenetic analysis placed them as a unique phylum. They share genomic traits with members Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Fungi. appear to be versatile heterotrophs. Genomic culture indicate use carbon sources that span simple sugars more complex substrates such hemicellulose, cellulose, chitin. encode low-specificity major facilitator superfamily transporters high-affinity ABC for sugars, suggesting...
ABSTRACT The culturability of bacteria in the bulk soil an Australian pasture was investigated by using nutrient broth at 1/100 its normal concentration (dilute [DNB]) as growth medium. Three-tube most-probable-number serial dilution culture resulted a mean viable count that only 1.4% microscopically determined total cell count. Plate counts with DNB solidified agar and gellan gum were 5.2 7.5% count, respectively. Prior homogenization sample ultrasonic probe increased obtained to 14.1% A...
ABSTRACT A dual approach consisting of cultivation and molecular retrieval partial archaeal 16S rRNA genes was carried out to characterize the diversity structure methanogenic community inhabiting anoxic bulk soil flooded rice microcosms. The identified four groups known methanogens. Three environmental sequences clustered with Methanobacterium bryantii formicicum , six were closely related but not identical those strains Methanosaeta concilii two grouped members genus Methanosarcina...
This paper describes a tool for long-term global change studies; it is an update of the History Database Global Environment (HYDE) with estimates some underlying demographic driving factors change. We estimate total and urban/rural population numbers, densities fractions (including built-up area) Holocene, roughly period 10 000 BC to AD 2000 spatial resolution 5 min longitude/latitude. With increase from 2 6145 million people over that time span, resulting in density < 0.1 cap/km almost...
ABSTRACT Soils are inhabited by many bacteria from phylogenetic groups that poorly studied because representatives rarely isolated in cultivation studies. Part of the reason for failure to cultivate these is low frequency with which bacterial cells soil form visible colonies when inoculated onto standard microbiological media, resulting viable counts. We investigated effects three factors on counts, assessed as numbers CFU solid and colony-forming belong. These were inoculum size, growth...
ABSTRACT Most soil bacteria belong to family-level phylogenetic groups with few or no known cultivated representatives. We cultured a collection of 350 isolates from by using simple solid media in petri dishes. These were assigned 60 groupings nine bacterial phyla on the basis comparative analysis their 16S rRNA genes. Ninety-three (27%) belonged 20 as-yet-unnamed groupings, many poorly studied classes and phyla. They included members subdivisions 1, 2, 3, 4 phylum Acidobacteria ,...
Rumen microbiome biology gets a boost with the release of 410 high-quality reference genomes from Hungate1000 project. Productivity ruminant livestock depends on rumen microbiota, which ferment indigestible plant polysaccharides into nutrients used for growth. Understanding functions carried out by microbiota is important reducing greenhouse gas production ruminants and developing biofuels lignocellulose. We present cultured bacteria archaea, together their genomes, representing every...
Summary The culturability of microorganisms in a 10 cm core an Australian pasture soil was investigated using minimal agar medium with xylan as the growth substrate. Culturability decreased increasing depth, from maximum 19% total microscopically countable cells 0–2 section to 2.4% 8–10 section. Seventy‐one isolates were identified by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Many these belong groups globally distributed bacteria, including well‐characterized families classes...
Ruminants rely on a complex rumen microbial community to convert dietary plant material energy-yielding products. Here we developed method simultaneously analyze the community's bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes, ciliate 18S genes anaerobic fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 using 12 DNA samples derived from 11 different three host species (Ovis aries, Bos taurus, Cervus elephas) multiplex 454 Titanium pyrosequencing. We show that mixing ratio of group-specific templates before...
Ruminant livestock represent the single largest anthropogenic source of potent greenhouse gas methane, which is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. While differences between individual animals same breed amount methane produced have been observed, basis for this variation remains to be elucidated. To explore mechanistic production, we measured yields from 22 sheep, revealed that are a reproducible, quantitative trait. Deep metagenomic and...
Molecular microbial ecology techniques are widely used to study the composition of rumen microbiota and increase understanding roles they play. Therefore, sampling DNA extraction methods that result in adequate yields also accurately represents community crucial. Fifteen different were extract from cow sheep samples. The yield quality, its suitability for downstream PCR amplifications varied considerably, depending on method used. extracts nine passed these first quality criteria evaluated...
Methane (CH(4)) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), having global warming potential 21 times that of carbon dioxide (CO(2)). emissions from agriculture represent around 40% the produced by human-related activities, single largest source being enteric fermentation, mainly in ruminant livestock. Technologies to reduce these are lacking. Ruminant methane formed action methanogenic archaea typified Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, which present ruminants fed wide variety diets worldwide. To gain...
Enteric fermentation by farmed ruminant animals is a major source of methane and constitutes the second largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming. Reducing emissions from ruminants needed ensure sustainable animal production in future. Methane yield varies naturally sheep heritable trait that can be used select less per unit feed eaten. We previously demonstrated elevated expression hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway genes methanogenic archaea rumens high (HMY) compared their...
The potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is produced in the rumens of ruminant animals from hydrogen during microbial degradation ingested feed. natural animal-to-animal variation amount CH4 emitted and heritability this trait offer a means for reducing emissions by selecting low-CH4 emitting breeding. We demonstrate that differences rumen community structure are linked to high low sheep. Bacterial structures 236 samples 118 high- sheep formed gradual transitions between three ruminotypes....
Meat and milk produced by ruminants are important agricultural products major sources of protein for humans. Ruminant production is considerable economic value underpins food security in many regions the world. However, sector faces challenges because diminishing natural resources ensuing increases costs, also increased awareness environmental impact farming ruminants. The digestion feed enteric methane key functions that could be manipulated having a thorough understanding rumen microbiome....
ABSTRACT The pH strongly influenced the development of colonies by members subdivision 1 phylum Acidobacteria on solid laboratory media. Significantly more this group formed at 5.5 than 7.0. At 5.5, 7 to 8% that plates were incubated for 4 months acidobacteria. These bacteria spanned almost entire phylogenetic breadth subdivision, and there was considerable congruence between diversity as determined cultivation-based method surveying 16S rRNA genes in same soil. Members acidobacteria...
The use of dilution culture techniques to cultivate saccharolytic bacteria present in the anoxic soil flooded rice microcosms allowed isolation three new strains bacteria, typified by their small cell sizes, with culturable numbers estimated at between 1.2 x 10(5) and 7.3 cells per g dry soil. average volumes all were 0.03 0.04 microns3, therefore they can be termed ultramicrobacteria or "dwarf cells." size is a stable characteristic, even when organisms grow high substrate concentrations,...
Sequence analysis of the cloned 16S rRNA genes Clostridium paradoxum DSM 7308T revealed presence 15 different sequences in variable region I ( Escherichia coli positions 73–97) rDNA. The majority contained intervening (IVSs), which varied length from 120–131 nt, and were present DNA obtained single colonies C. paradoxum. absence IVSs mature was demonstrated by Northern hybridization sequence reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR product. This finding supported failure oligonucleotide probes...
ABSTRACT Haloarchaea are the dominant microbial flora in hypersaline waters with near-saturating salt levels. The haloarchaeal diversity of an Australian saltern crystallizer pond was examined by use a library PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes and cultivation. High viable counts (10 6 CFU/ml) were obtained on solid media. Long incubation times (≥8 weeks) appeared to be more important than medium composition for maximizing diversity. Of 66 isolates examined, all belonged family Halobacteriaceae ,...
Three strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated from rice paddy soil microcosms. Comparative analysis the 16S rRNA genes showed that these novel isolates have identical gene sequences and are members division 'Verrucomicrobia'. The phenotypically phylogenetically distinct species described previously. One strain, PB90-1T, was characterized in more detail. cells cocci motile by means a flagellum. Catalase oxidase activities absent. Growth-supporting substrates include...