Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<Question 1Question 2Question 3METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES

These experiments tested the hypothesis that a relatively short duration of controlled mechanical ventilation (MV) will impair diaphragmatic maximal specific force generation (specific P(o)) and this deficit be exacerbated with increased time on ventilator. To test postulate, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into one six experimental groups: 1) control (n = 12); 2) 12 h MV 4); 3) 18 4) anesthesia spontaneous breathing 5) 24 7); 6) 4). animals anesthetized, tracheostomized,...

Experimental studies examining the effects of regular exercise on cardiac responses to ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) are limited. Therefore, these experiments examined endurance training myocardial biochemical physiological during in vivo I/R. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (4 mo old) were randomly assigned either a sedentary control group or an group. After 10-wk program, animals anesthetized mechanically ventilated, chest was opened by thoracotomy. Coronary occlusion achieved ligature around...

Prolonged mechanical ventilation results in diaphragmatic oxidative injury, elevated proteolysis, fiber atrophy, and reduced force-generating capacity. We tested the hypothesis that antioxidant infusion during would function as an to maintain redox balance within diaphragm muscle fibers therefore prevent stress subsequent proteolysis contractile dysfunction. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, mechanically ventilated with 21% O(2) for 12 hours. The Trolox was...

To determine the influence of 2 wk quercetin (Q; 1000 mg x d(-1)) compared with placebo (P) supplementation on exercise performance and skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in untrained, young adult males (N = 26, age 20.2 +/- 0.4 yr, VO2max 46.3 1.2 mL kg(-1) min(-1)).Using a randomized, crossover design 2-wk washout period, subjects provided blood biopsy samples presupplementation postsupplementation periods were given 12-min time trials 15% graded treadmills after 60 min moderate...

These experiments examined the independent effects of short-term exercise and heat stress on myocardial responses during in vivo ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Female Sprague-Dawley rats (4 mo old) were randomly assigned to one four experimental groups: 1) control, 2) 3 consecutive days treadmill [60 min/day at 60–70% maximal O 2 uptake (V˙o max )], 3) 5 (60 60–70%V˙o ), 4) whole body (15 min 42°C). Twenty-four hours after or exercise, animals anesthetized mechanically ventilated, chest was...

Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) results in oxidative damage the diaphragm; however, it is unclear whether this MV-induced injury occurs rapidly or develops slowly over time. Furthermore, unknown both soluble (cytosolic) and insoluble (myofibrillar) proteins are equally susceptible to oxidation during MV. These experiments tested two hypotheses: 1) diaphragm within first 6 h after initiation of MV; 2) MV associated with modification proteins. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly...

To test the influence of 1000 mg quercetin (Q) with or without 120 epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), 400 isoquercetin, and eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic (Q-EGCG) on exercise performance, muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, changes in measures immunity inflammation before after a 3-d period heavy exertion.Trained cyclists (N = 39) were randomized to placebo (P), Q, Q-EGCG ingested supplements double-blinded fashion for 2 wk before, during, 1 which subjects cycled 3 h x d(-1) at...

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine: 1) the extent which an acute session high-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases systemic inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, 2) whether 2 weeks HIIT alters response. Eight recreationally active males (aged 22±2 years) performed on a cycle ergometer (six sessions at 8–12 intervals; 60-second intervals, 75-second rest) power output equivalent 100% their predetermined peak oxygen uptake (VO max). Serum samples were collected during...

Polyphenol supplementation was tested as a countermeasure to inflammation and oxidative stress induced by 3-d intensified training.Water soluble polyphenols from blueberry green tea extracts were captured onto polyphenol soy protein complex (PSPC). Subjects recruited, included 38 long-distance runners ages 19-45 years who regularly competed in road races. Runners successfully completing orientation baseline testing (N = 35) randomized 40 g/d PSPC 17) (2,136 mg/d gallic acid equivalents) or...

The percutaneous biopsy technique enables researchers and clinicians to collect skeletal muscle tissue samples. is safe highly effective. This video describes the using a modified Bergström needle obtain samples from vastus lateralis of human subjects. consists an outer cannula with small opening ('window') at side tip inner trocar cutting blade distal end. Under local anesthesia aseptic conditions, advanced into through incision in skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia. Next, suction applied...

Prolonged mechanical ventilation results in diaphragmatic atrophy and contractile dysfunction animals. We hypothesized that ventilation-induced is associated with decreased synthesis of both mixed muscle protein myosin heavy chain the diaphragm. To test this postulate, adult rats were mechanically ventilated for 6, 12, or 18 hours was measured vivo. Six resulted a 30% decrease (p < 0.05) rate 65% synthesis; depression persisted throughout ventilation. Real-time polymerase reaction analyses...

Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage caused by the absence of acid α-1,4 glucosidase (GAA). The pathophysiology includes generalized myopathy both cardiac and skeletal muscle. We sought to use recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors deliver functional GAA genes in vitro vivo. Myotubes fibroblasts from patients were transduced with rAAV2-GAA. At 14 days postinfection, activities at least fourfold higher than their respective untransduced controls, 10-fold increase observed...

Objective/setting: This study assessed the effectiveness of milled and whole chia seed in altering disease risk factors overweight, postmenopausal women using a metabolomics approach. Design/intervention: Subjects were randomized to (whole or milled) placebo (poppy seed) groups, under double-blinded procedures ingested 25 g supplements each day for 10 weeks. Subjects: included 62 overweight (body–mass index kg/m2 higher), nondiseased, nonsmoking, women, ages 49–75 years, with analysis based...

The objective of this study was to determine if the inverse relationship between perceived physical fitness ( pFIT ) and exercise frequency ExFreq levels chronic inflammation oxidative stress exists after making statistical adjustments for confounders including body mass index BMI ), age, gender, cigarette smoking. Study participants (60% female 40% male; n = 998) varied widely in age (18–85 years) (16.7–52.7 kg/m 2 completed an extensive medical/health lifestyle questionnaire, data were...

This study investigated the influence of age, body composition, physical fitness, training volume and intensity, underlying systemic inflammation on exercise-induced innate immune function in a heterogeneous group cyclists. Subjects included 31 male cyclists (mean±standard deviation, age 38.8±10.6 years, fat 17.8%±5.6%, VO2max 55.8±8.4 mL kg−1 min−1) who cycled for 1.75 h at 60% wattsmax followed by 10-km time trial (18.3±0.3 min). Blood samples were collected pre-, post-, 1-h-postexercise,...

Previous studies have examined the relationship between specific nutrient and food intakes with limited markers of either inflammation or oxidant status. The objective this study was to determine if an increase in combined self-reported fruit vegetable (F&V) intake a community setting associated improved multiple inflammatory A group (N = 1000, age 18-85 years, 61% female) gave two fasted blood samples separated by 12 weeks. Blood biomarkers included total leukocytes (WBC), plasma C-reactive...

Bioactive oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OXLAMs) include 13- and 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic (13-HODE + 9-HODE) have been linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, numerous pathological physiological states. The purpose of this study was measure changes in plasma 13-HODE 9-HODE following a 75-km cycling bout identify potential linkages linoleate metabolism established biomarkers stress (F2-isoprostanes) inflammation (cytokines) using metabolomics approach. Trained male cyclists (N = 19,...

This study investigated changes in the human serum metabolome elicited by a 3-day period of intensified training. Runners (N = 15, mean ± SD age, 35.2 8.7 years) ran for 2.5 h/day on treadmills at ∼70% VO2max 3 days row, with blood samples collected pre-exercise, and immediately 14 h post-exercise. Samples were analyzed using gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS, LC-MS), compounds identified based comparison to more than 2800 purified standards. Repeated measures ANOVA was used...

This study measured the influence of ingesting quercetin on plasma measures for oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. Male female subjects (n = 1002) varying in age (18–85 years) body mass index (BMI) (16.7–52.7 kg/m2) were studied. Subjects randomized to one three groups using double-blinded methods: placebo, 500 mg or 1000 quercetin/day with 125 250 vitamin C/day, respectively. Pre- post-study fasting blood samples show that increased a dose-responsive manner. The pattern change...

This study compared the acute effect of ingesting bananas (BAN) versus a 6% carbohydrate drink (CHO) on 75-km cycling performance and post-exercise inflammation, oxidative stress, innate immune function using traditional metabolomics-based profiling. Trained cyclists (N = 14) completed two time trials (randomized, crossover) while BAN or CHO (0.2 g/kg every 15 min). Pre-, post-, 1-h-post-exercise blood samples were analyzed for glucose, granulocyte (GR) monocyte (MO) phagocytosis (PHAG)...