Macrophage infiltration to inflammatory sites promotes tissue repair and may be involved in pain hypersensitivity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ signaling is known regulate polarity of macrophages, which are often referred as proinflammatory (M1) antiinflammatory (M2) macrophages. We recently showed that the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone ameliorated development postincisional hyperalgesia by increasing influx M2 macrophages inflamed sites. It has been suggested heme...

In Brief BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation triggered by macrophage infiltration into sites of peripheral nerve injury may result in neuropathic pain. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ signaling regulates the properties macrophages. However, macrophage-mediated effects PPARγ on pain inflammation have not been investigated. METHODS: To evaluate tactile allodynia, we administered blood-brain barrier–impermeant agonist, rosiglitazone, after partial sciatic ligation (PSNL) as (1)...

Lidocaine is used clinically for tactile allodynia associated with diabetes-induced neuropathy. Although the analgesic effect of lidocaine through suppression microglial activation has been implicated in development injury-induced neuropathic pain, its mechanism action not yet completely elucidated.To evaluate effects on response diabetic neuropathy, streptozotocin (STZ)-injected mice received a continuous infusion (vehicle, 2, or 10%) from day 14 to 21 after STZ injection. On 21,...

Abstract Objectives Opioid availability for the palliative care of patients with advanced cancer is increasing globally. However, opioid remains extremely low in Japan. We investigated whether pain appropriately controlled by low-dose prescriptions Methods A web-based nationwide survey caregivers from 2000 community comprehensive support centers was performed Japan to assess details about 30 days before died end-stage cancer. Separately, data prescription doses and medical services 90 death...

Background: Macrophage infiltration to inflammatory sites promotes wound repair and may be involved in pain hypersensitivity after surgical incision. We recently reported that the development of hyperalgesia during chronic inflammation is regulated by macrophage polarity, often referred as proinflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. Although opioids such morphine are known alter milieu incisional wounds through interactions with immunocytes, macrophage-mediated effects on...

The wound healing process following acute inflammation after surgery is impaired in diabetes. Altered macrophage functions are linked to delayed tissue repair and pain development Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists used treat diabetes, their postoperative analgesic effects diabetes have not been evaluated.The PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (rosi) was injected at the incision site of diabetic (db/db) mice with resolvin (Rv) D1, a lipid mediator involved...

Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) induces long-lasting nociceptive behaviors for more than 60 min in mice, while the involvement PACAP type1 receptor (PAC1-R) has not been clarified yet. The present study investigated signaling mechanisms PACAP-induced prolonged behaviors. Single i.t. injection a selective PAC1-R agonist, maxadilan (Max), mimicked dose-dependent manner similar to PACAP. Pre- or post-treatment antagonist, max.d.4,...

Background Delirium is the most common central nervous system complication after surgery. Detection of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit in serum reflects axonal damage within cervous and associated with severity postoperative delirium. Neuron-specific enolase S100 calcium-binding protein β have been identified as possible biomarkers This study examined association levels these markers incidence delirium detection subunit. Methods represents a post hoc analysis 117 patients who...

Abstract Objectives Opioid availability for the palliative care of patients with advanced cancer is increasing globally. However, opioid remains extremely low in Japan. We investigated whether pain appropriately controlled by low‐dose prescriptions Methods A web‐based nationwide survey caregivers from 2000 community comprehensive support centers was performed Japan to assess details about 30 days before died end‐stage cancer. Separately, data prescription doses and medical services 90 death...

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Anesthesia with peripheral nerve block (PNB) improves the early recovery profile of patients undergoing surgery, including control postoperative pain, opioid consumption, length hospital stay. However, influence PNB on wound inflammation repair process has not been fully investigated. Therefore, we evaluated effects local incised tissue in acute phase pain development. <h3>Methods</h3> Sciatic 0.5% ropivacaine was performed before plantar incision mice....

Godai, K.; Hasegawa-Moriyama, M.; Kuniyoshi, T.; Kakoi, Ikoma, Isowaki, S.; Matsunaga, A.; Kanmura, Y. Author Information

Perioperative airway management may be particularly challenging in patients with acromegaly undergoing trans-sphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS). Management for obstruction is required prior to minimize perioperative hypoxia. The purpose of this retrospective study was evaluate by simulation computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using computed tomography (CT) images who had undergone TSS.CT the nasopharyngeal airways (n = 5) or nonfunctional adenoma 6) TSS from April 2012 January 2017 were used...

Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS) is a rare disorder characterized by micrognathia, kyphoscoliosis, and myotonia. The greatest challenge in the anesthetic management of patients with SJS performing tracheal intubation. MultiViewScope (MVS) video laryngoscope system which monitor handle can be attached to stylet scope, blade, or fiberscope. We report 21-month-old boy who required general anesthesia. Direct laryngoscopy was impossible because his limited mouth opening; however, trachea easily...

Background Phenylephrine is an α1 adrenergic receptor agonist that causes pulmonary vasoconstriction, and so may effectively enhance hypoxic vasoconstriction (HPV). However, there little evidence phenylephrine augments HPV in clinical situations. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of infusion on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV) patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Methods was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Included were those elective surgery...

Abstract Older adult surgical patients are susceptible to developing delirium. Early intervention can be initiated if a potential biomarker associated with delirium identified during the acute phase of surgery. Therefore, we investigated changes in levels serum inflammatory mediators responsible for Serum biomarkers were measured preoperatively postoperative day 3 96 who underwent esophageal cancer surgery and compared between did not develop concentrations brain-derived phosphorylated...

Bleeding are common in cardiac surgery, with significant impacts on transfusion-related complications and patient prognosis. This study aimed to determine the differences perioperative blood loss, transfusion rates, incidence of postoperative pulmonary (PPCs) without use positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OPCAB). single-center, retrospective included 106 adult cardiopulmonary from January 2018 March 2022. The were...