Stephen Safe

ORCID: 0000-0002-2115-3060
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About
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Research Areas
  • Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Estrogen and related hormone effects
  • Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
  • Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
  • Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
  • Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
  • Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
  • Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
  • Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
  • Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
  • Circular RNAs in diseases
  • Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
  • Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
  • Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
  • RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • MicroRNA in disease regulation
  • Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
  • RNA modifications and cancer
  • Cancer-related gene regulation
  • Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
  • Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

Texas A&M University
2016-2025

Mitchell Institute
2005-2025

James Cook University
2024

Bryan College
2024

Texas A&M Health Science Center
2009-2023

Baylor College of Medicine
1989-2023

Houston Methodist
2002-2021

Texas College
1999-2021

HCA Healthcare
2021

Lanzhou University
2021

The rat, mouse and human estrogen receptor (ER) exists as two subtypes, ER alpha beta, which differ in the C-terminal ligand-binding domain N-terminal transactivation domain. In this study, we investigated estrogenic activity of environmental chemicals phytoestrogens competition binding assays with or beta protein, a transient gene expression assay using cells an acute response is created by cotransfecting cultures recombinant complementary DNA (cDNA) presence estrogen-dependent reporter...

10.1210/endo.139.10.6216 article EN Endocrinology 1998-10-01

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-resolution PCB analysis: synthesis and chromatographic properties of all 209 congenersMichael D. Mullins, Cynthia M. Pochini, Shelia. McCrindle, Marjorie. Romkes, Stephen H. Safe, Lorna SafeCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1984, 18, 6, 468–476Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June...

10.1021/es00124a014 article EN Environmental Science & Technology 1984-06-01

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene products such as CYP3A and CYP2B are essential for the metabolism of steroid hormones xenochemicals including prescription drugs. Nuclear receptor SXR/PXR (steroid xenobiotic receptor/pregnenolone X receptor) has been shown both biochemically genetically to activate genes, while similar studies have established constitutive androstane (CAR) a regulator. response elements in these genes also distinct, furthering concept independent regulation. Unexpectedly, we...

10.1101/gad.846800 article EN Genes & Development 2000-12-01

Abstract There is evidence that specificity proteins (Sp), such as Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4, are overexpressed in tumors contribute to the proliferative angiogenic phenotype associated with cancer cells. Sp4 expressed a panel of estrogen receptor (ER)–positive ER-negative breast cell lines, we hypothesized regulation their expression may be due microRNA-27a (miR-27a), which also these lines has been reported regulate zinc finger ZBTB10 gene, putative Sp repressor. Transfection MDA-MB-231 cells...

10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-2416 article EN Cancer Research 2007-11-15

A GC-rich oligonucleotide containing an estrogen responsive element (ERE) half-site from the heat shock protein 27 (Hsp 27) gene promoter (−105 to −84) [i.e. GGGCGGG(N)10GGTCA; Sp1(N)10ERE] forms a complex with Sp1 and receptor (ER) proteins. Moreover, promoter-reporter constructs this sequence (−108 −84 or −108 +23) are also estrogen-responsive. Mutation of ERE in Hsp 27-derived oligonucleotides did not result loss responsiveness transient transfection studies, suggesting that inducibility...

10.1210/mend.11.11.9916 article EN Molecular Endocrinology 1997-10-01

Background— Macrophage activation plays a crucial role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation and is major contributor to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases. On various types stimuli, macrophages respond with either classic (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. M1- M2-mediated signaling pathways corresponding cytokine production profiles are not completely understood. The discovery microRNAs provides new opportunity understand this complicated but network for...

10.1161/circulationaha.111.087817 article EN Circulation 2012-05-12

The article describes a readily easy adaptive in vitro model to investigate macrophage polarization. In the presence of GM-CSF/M-CSF, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from bone marrow are directed into monocytic differentiation, followed by M1 or M2 stimulation. activation status can be tracked changes cell surface antigens, gene expression and signaling pathways.

10.3791/50323 article EN Journal of Visualized Experiments 2013-06-21

The tryptophan metabolites indole, indole-3-acetate, and tryptamine were identified in mouse cecal extracts fecal pellets by mass spectrometry. aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist antagonist activities of these microbiota-derived compounds investigated CaCo-2 intestinal cells as a model for understanding their interactions with colonic tissue, which is highly (Ah)–responsive. Activation Ah-responsive genes demonstrated that indole 3-acetate AHR agonists, whereas was an inhibited TCDD...

10.1124/mol.113.091165 article EN Molecular Pharmacology 2014-02-21

In 2011, a joint World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) expert consultation took place, during which the possible inclusion of brominated analogues dioxin-like compounds in WHO Toxicity Equivalency Factor (TEF) scheme was evaluated. The panel concluded that polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs), dibenzofurans (PBDFs), some biphenyls (dl-PBBs) may contribute significantly daily human background exposure to total dioxin toxic equivalencies (TEQs)....

10.1093/toxsci/kft070 article EN Toxicological Sciences 2013-03-14

17β-Estradiol (E2) induces expression of several genes via estrogen receptor (ER)-Sp1 protein interactions with GC-rich promoter elements in which Sp1 but not ER binds DNA. This study reports the ligand- and cell context-dependent ER<sub>α</sub>/Sp1 ER<sub>β</sub>/Sp1 action using an E2-responsive construct (pSp1) containing a promoter. Both ER<sub>α</sub> ER<sub>β</sub> proteins physically interact (coimmunoprecipitation) preferentially bind to C-terminal region this pull-down assays. E2-...

10.1074/jbc.275.8.5379 article EN cc-by Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000-02-01

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants which exert a variety of toxic effects in animals, including disturbances sexual development and reproductive function. The estrogenic PCBs may be mediated part by hydroxylated PCB metabolites (PCB-OHs), but the mechanisms they brought about not understood. as well PCB-Hs show low affinities for both alpha beta estrogen receptor isoforms. In present study we demonstrate that various environmentally relevant PCB-OHs...

10.1210/endo.141.5.7530 article EN Endocrinology 2000-05-01
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