A5041637515- Reproductive tract infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Genital Health and Disease
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- interferon and immune responses
- Pelvic floor disorders treatments
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
University of Manitoba
2015-2025
Case Western Reserve University
2021-2025
Center for Global Health
2021-2025
Public Health Agency of Canada
2017-2019
Research Manitoba
2010
Because they are obligate intracellular parasites, all viruses exclusively and intimately dependent upon host cells for replication. Viruses, in turn, induce profound changes within cells, including apoptosis, morphological changes, activation of signaling pathways. Many these alterations have been analyzed by gene arrays, which measure the cellular "transcriptome." Until recently, it has not possible to extend comparable types studies globally examine proteins, actual effector molecules. We...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by depletion of Lactobacillus and overgrowth anaerobic facultative bacteria, leading to increased mucosal inflammation, epithelial disruption, poor reproductive health outcomes. However, the molecular mediators contributing vaginal dysfunction are poorly understood. Here we utilize proteomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic analyses characterize biological features underlying BV in 405 African women explore functional mechanisms vitro. We identify five...
The balance between the products of L-arginine metabolism in macrophages regulates outcome Leishmania major infection. can be oxidized by host inducible NO synthase to produce NO, which contributes parasite killing. In contrast, hydrolysis arginase blocks generation and provides polyamines, support proliferation. Additionally, encode their own has considerable potential modulate infectivity disease pathogenesis. this study, we compared impact on cellular immune response vitro vivo wild-type...
Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are pathogens that cause significant morbidity among commercial poultry. ARVs prototypic representatives of non-enveloped viruses can cell-cell fusion. They belong to the Reoviridae family, which contains many highly pathogenic viruses. ubiquitous in poultry and frequently isolated from gastrointestinal respiratory tracts chickens with acute infections. The virus causes a range disease states chicken, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis, gastroenteritis,...
Abstract Mammalian reoviruses are pathogens that cause gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. In humans, the mammalian usually mild or subclinical disease, they ubiquitous, with most people mounting immunity at a young age. Reoviruses prototypic representations of Reoviridae family, which contains many highly pathogenic viruses. This unit describes techniques for culturing mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines, preferred line in reovirus studies take place. addition, propagation,...
Cervicovaginal inflammation has been linked to negative reproductive health outcomes including the acquisition of HIV, other sexually transmitted infections, and cervical carcinogenesis. While changes vaginal microbiome have genital inflammation, molecular relationships between functional components with immunology in tract are understudied, limiting our understanding mucosal biology that may be important for health.In this study, we used a multi'-omics approach profile cervicovaginal...
ABSTRACT Problem Aging is characterized by a general dysregulation of systemic immune responses that increases susceptibility to infections and malignancies. Immune cells in the female genital tract (FGT) are regulated sex hormones, but little known about impact aging menopause on immunology FGT. Method Study This study conducted an age‐focused sub‐analysis cervicovaginal samples collected from 47 women enrolled Vaginal Mucosal Systems Winnipeg, Canada. Paired lavage cervical cytobrush were...
Viruses employ numerous host cell metabolic functions to propagate and manage evade the immune system. For herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), a that has evolved efficiently infect humans without seriously harming in most cases, virus-host interaction is specifically interesting. This can be best characterized by studying proteomic changes occur during infection. Previous studies have been successful at identifying proteins play important roles HSV infection; however, there still much we do...
Neutrophil recruitment and activation within the female genital tract are often associated with tissue inflammation, loss of vaginal epithelial barrier integrity, increased risk for sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV-1. However, direct role neutrophils on function during inflammation in vivo remains unclear. Using complementary proteome immunological analyses, we show high neutrophil influx into lower response to physiological surges progesterone, stimulating distinct stromal,...
Alterations to the mucosal environment of female genital tract, such as inflammation, have been associated with increased HIV acquisition in women. As microbiome and hormonal contraceptives can affect vaginal immunity, we hypothesized these components may interact context susceptibility. Using previously published data from 685 women CAPRISA-004 trial, compared relative risk this cohort who were using injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN),...
All viruses are dependent upon host cells for replication. Infection can induce profound changes within cells, including apoptosis, morphological changes, and activation of signaling pathways. Many these alterations have been analyzed by gene arrays to measure the cellular "transcriptome." We used SILAC (stable isotope labeling amino acids in cell culture), combined with high-throughput 2-D HPLC/mass spectrometry, determine relative quantitative differences proteins at 6 24 hours after...
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) are used for HIV treatment prevention. Previously, we found that topical rectal tenofovir gel caused immunological changes in the mucosa. Here, assess effect of oral TDF/FTC three pre-exposure prophylaxis trials, two with gastrointestinal one cervicovaginal biopsies. induces type I/III interferon-related (IFN I/III) genes tract, but not blood, strong correlations between independent biopsy groups (Spearman r = 0.91) rectum duodenum...
Abstract HIV infection damages the gut mucosa leading to chronic immune activation, increased morbidities and mortality, antiretroviral therapies, do not completely ameliorate mucosal dysfunction. Understanding early molecular changes in acute may identify new biomarkers underlying Here we utilized a proteomics approach, coupled with flow cytometry, characterize immunological alterations during SIV tissue of rhesus macaques. Gut biopsies were obtained at 2 times pre-infection 4...
ABSTRACT Viruses utilize host cell machinery for propagation and manage to evade cellular defense mechanisms in the process. Much remains unknown regarding how responds viral infection. We recently performed global proteomic screens of mammalian reovirus TIL- T3D-infected herpesvirus (herpes simplex virus 1 [HSV-1])-infected HEK293 cells. The nonenveloped RNA reoviruses caused an upregulation, whereas enveloped DNA HSV-1 a downregulation, secretogranin II (SCG2). SCG2, member granin family...
Viruses induce changes in the host to facilitate replication and evade immune response. These are reflected by host's proteome, including differences protein abundance. Focusing on up down regulated proteins after a virus infects cell will lead characterization of response infection, may give insight into how viruses modulate defense responses. We previously used SILAC examine proteomic abundance HEK293 cells infected with reovirus type 1, strain Lang (T1L). For present study, we extended...
Fishing Beyond the Peer: Future Omic Analyses of Virus-Host Interactions There has been considerable progress made in study viruses and how they infect, replicate spread inside hosts host cells. Much is known about change their genome proteins throughout life cycles. However, our understanding cell itself changes during virus cycle less well developed. Both genomic proteomic are expected to occur propagation, analyses cellular ‘transcriptome’ have especially fruitful past decade. protein...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) contributes to poor reproductive health and is characterized by a displacement of Lactobacillus in the vaginal microbiome. However, treatment for BV limited antibiotics half women treated experience recurrence within year. THRIVE (The Study Host-Bacterial Relationships Immune Function Different Vaginal Environments) prospective study Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, which designed capture daily variation microbiome host mucosal immunity during treatment. The objective...
Abstract The vaginal microbiome’s role in risk, progression, and treatment of female cancers has been widely explored. Yet, there remains a need to develop methods understand the interaction microbiome factors with host cells characterize their potential therapeutic functions. To address this challenge, we developed systems biology framework term Pharmacobiome for pharmacology analysis. evaluates similarities between microbes microbial byproducts known drugs based on impact transcriptomic...
Abstract Introduction Bacterial vaginosis (BV), characterized by Lactobacillus depletion and replacement facultative or anaerobic bacteria, impacts up to 30% of women associates with negative reproductive health outcomes. We used a systems immunology approach investigate cellular molecular inflammation associated BV. Methods Matched cervical cytobrush cervicovaginal lavage were collected from BV− (n=16) BV+ (n=11) women. Cytobrushes immunophenotyped flow cytometry lavages analyzed tandem...
This appendix describes techniques for culturing quail fibrosarcoma QM5 cell lines, one of the preferred lines in which many avian reovirus studies take place.